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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ovum |
An unfertilized egg |
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Ovulation |
The release of a mature egg from an ovary |
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Germinal stage |
The prenatal stage the lasts from conception to two weeks post conception |
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Blastocyst |
A hollow ball of cells that consists of the Inner Cell Mass (which becomes the embryo) and an outer ring of cells (which can cause the placenta and chorion) |
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Inner Cell Mass |
A solid clump of cells in the blastocyst, which layer develops into the embryo |
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Trophoblast |
The outer ring of cells in the blastocyst that later develops the support system for the pregnancy |
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Infertility |
The inability to conceive within one year of frequent, unprotected sex |
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Embryonic stage |
The prenatal stage the last from two weeks to two months post conception |
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Embryo |
The developing organism from conception to the end of the second month of pregnancy |
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Amnion |
The inner fetal membrane that surrounds the fetus and is filled with amniotic fluid |
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Fetus |
The developing organism from the end of the eighth week post conception until birth |
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Placenta |
The organ that supports a pregnancy by bringing oxygen and nutrients to the embryo from the mother through the umbilical cord and carrying away fetal waste products |
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Organogenesis |
The process and prenatal development by which all of the major organ systems of the body are laid down |
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Critical Period |
A period of time during which development is occurring rapidly and the organism is especially sensitive to damage, which often is severe and irreversible |
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Cephalocaudal development |
A principle whereby development proceeds from the head region down through the body |
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Ultrasound |
A prenatal test that uses high frequency sound waves to create an image of the developing embryos size, shape and position in the womb |
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Fetal stage |
The prenatal stage the lasts from week 9 post conception until birth |
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First trimester |
May not be apparent to other people that the woman is pregnant, but changes in the level of her hormones may cause some effects, including fatigue, breast tenderness, and morning sickness |
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Second trimester |
Most women start to feel better and the pregnancy becomes more apparent as a fetus grows larger. Woman is now able to feel the fetus moving inside her |
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Third trimester |
The fetus continues to grow, and the woman becomes more tired and uncomfortable. At the end of this she will experience the fetus dropping lower within her as it begins to get into position to begin the birth process |
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Quickening |
First fetal movements |
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Miscarriage |
The natural loss of a pregnancy before the fetus reaches a gestational age of 20 weeks |
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Abortion |
A medical procedure that uses medicine or surgery to remove an embryo or fetus and placenta from a woman's uterus |
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Teratogen |
Agents that can disrupt prenatal development and cause malformations or termination of the pregnancy |
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Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) |
A condition in the child resulting from heavy or binge consumption of alcohol during the pregnancy
Associated with characteristic facial features, small stature, and a small head, as well as cognitive deficits and the trouble of controlling behavior and regulating emotions |
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Fetal alcohol Spectrum disorders (FADs) |
A range of impairments in a child resulting from consumption of alcohol during a pregnancy |
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Endocrine disruptors |
Chemicals that interfere with the functioning of the hormonal systems of the body |
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Braxton Hicks contractions |
Contractions which can begin as early as the sixth week of pregnancy but aren't noticeable until mid-pregnancy |
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Cervix |
The narrow, lower end of the uterus |
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Early labor |
The first phase in the first stage of Labor in which contraction are usually not painful while the cervix begins to thin out and dilate |
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Active labor |
The second phase in the first stage of Labor in which contractions become longer, stronger, and more frequent and the cervix dilates to 4cm |
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Transition |
The third phase in the first stage of labor in which contractions come in rapid succession and last up to 90 seconds each, with a little or no pause between them, and which ends when the cervix has dilated 10 centimeters |
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Doula |
A trained, knowledgeable companion who supports a woman during her labor and delivery |
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Apgar scale |
An assessment of a newborn's overall condition at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth that is based on the newborns activity level, pulse, grimace, appearance, and respiration |
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Infant States |
Different levels of consciousness used to regulate the amount of stimulation the infant receives
States range from crying to deep sleep |
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Premature (preterm) |
A birth that occurs before gestational age of 37 weeks |
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Low birth weight |
A full-term infant who weighs less than 5 lb, 8 oz |
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Kangaroo care |
A practice where the baby is placed in skin to skin contact with the parents bear chest or breast and draped with a blanket |
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Infant mortality |
The rate of infant death within the first year of life |
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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) |
The death of an apparently healthy infant the rate of ___ peaks between the ages of 1 month and 4 |
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Depression with peripartum onset |
A major depression that occurs in the last month of pregnancy or the first couple of months after birth |
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Couvade |
A sympathetic pregnancy in which a man experiences a variety of symptoms associated with pregnancy or childbirth while his partner is pregnant |