Toluene

The solvents we used were water, 0.1 M NaOH, 0.1 M HCl, acetone, and toluene. We began by adding a small amount of the compound to five test tubes, and added 2mL of each of the solvents into the test tubes, stirred, observed and recorded the reactions that took place. We then executed a quantitative solubility test to calculate…

crystal-like substance. Their main goal of this week was to determine the identity of this unknown compound. The first step conducted to achieve this goal was the qualitative solubility test to see if the compound would dissolve in water, acetone, and toluene.…

Because of their low cost and flexibility, vehicles overwhelmingly dominate the markets for passenger and freight transport throughout the developing world. Today’s on-road vehicles produce over a third of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in our atmosphere; and over twenty percent of the global warming pollution. Carbon emissions from the burning of gasoline to power cars, trucks, and other methods of transportation is one of the biggest cause of global warming. Pollution created by cars…

public indoor environments, including homes, offices, schools, hospitals and transport systems. IAQ is affected by toxic gases (such as carbon monoxide [CO] and nitrogen oxides [NOx]), volatile organic compounds (VOCs, such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, styrene), pesticides, lead, flame retardants, respirable particles and dust, smoking (secondhand and third-hand), various biological pollutants (such as mold and bacteria), and physical contaminants (radiation, electromagnetic radiation, and…

Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon that is represented with the formula C6H6. It was discovered in 1825 by a British scientist, Michael Faraday, who extracted it from crude oil by applying pressure, and named it “Bicarburet of hydrogen”. However, its chemical synthesis did not start until in 1843, Charles Mansfield, discovered a method to extract benzene from coal tar. Since its industrialization, benzene is produced and used in many industrial processes. Today, plastics, resins, dyes…

Definition Substance Abuse - Related and addictive disorders are when an individual intoxicates their own body and abuse the use of one or more substances. The intoxication poisons an individual 's body thus causing many effects, ranging from mental to physical problems. The reason this is considered a physiological disorder is the addiction: the act of becoming enslaved to a constant action or substance making you unable to stop. Most of the time becoming abusive to misuse and being harmful.…

Synthesis of Nano-silica-Cl Nano-SiO2-functionalized-Cl was synthesized via surface reaction of Nano-SiO2 by using 3-chloroproyltrimethoxysilane as the silylation agent. 2.0 g of Nano-SiO2 and 50 ml of toluene were mixed into a 250 mL round flask. 4.0 mL of 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane was then added and the mixture was refluxed at 110°C with continuous stirring for 6 hours. The resulting functionalized Nano-SiO2-Cl was collected and washed by ethanol…

quality materials can have other, more harmful chemicals than those mentioned above. With so many home brewers wanting to earn extra money by making their own liquids to vape, other chemicals can end up in the mix; a few of these being formaldehyde, toluene, and even lead. There are many dangers entailed with vaping, and the companies backing it have convinced many smokers and non-smokers of the benefits comparing to cigarettes and the like. What has yet to come is the true dangers of vaping.…

with a HfCl4 precursor solution (nitric acid added to HfCl4 dissolved in absolute ethanol) on the substrates at 5,000 rpm for 30 s and then annealed at 500 °C for 1 h. For the COC passivation the HfOx surface was spin coated with 0.5 wt% COC in toluene with an average thickness of 15 nm. The semiconducting pentacene (50 nm at a rate of ~0.8–1.0 Å/s) and PTCDI-C13 (50 nm at ~1.0–2.0 Å/s) were sequentially deposited onto the dielectric layers using a lab-built NCBD apparatus.19 Finally, the Au…

petroleum of the oil break down into simpler substances. Harsh types of oil can burn eyes, burn skin, irritate or damage sensitive membranes in the nose, eyes and mouth. Hydrocarbons can trigger pneumonia if it enters lungs. Benzine, toluene and other light hydrocarbons of oil and fuels if inhaled, are transferred rapidly to the bloodstream from the lungs and can damage red blood cells, suppress immune systems, strain the liver, spleen and kidneys and even…