Serotonin

decomposition rate of serotonin and disrupts the production of dopamine. depending on the medication they will also cause neurotransmitters to not be reabsorbed into…

Studies that relate to negative life events have appeared regularly in the psychological, psychosomatic, sociological and clinical medical journals. So much so that the stress from the events have been transferred and correlated with aggravating physical diseases such as cancer and HIV. (Cooper, 1987 and Breet, Kagee & Seedat, 2014). Selye (1956), defined stress as a “general adaptation syndrome,” caused by an “organism’s response to stressful conditions or stressors, consisting of a pattern of…

Transporter proteins comprise 5% of all human drug targets. This category encompasses the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, ATPases, and the solute carrier (SLC) family. SLC6 is the most exploited family among all transporters (55%), with approximately 42 drugs currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Figure 4.9a)76. Currently, around 60 clinical trials are in progress for drugs that specifically target SLC6 family members, mainly for analgesia, psychiatric…

On the other hand, the distributed self would suggest that how people experience the world and make sense of it is primarily a result of socio-cultural processes, which varies over time and space. Constructionists conceptualize depression as an identity continually renegotiated via linguistic exchange and social performance. They would argue that the biological attitude excludes the social and linguistic dimensions of experience from consideration; social constructionist perspective is essential…

entire body. Serotonin, a neurotransmitter, can alter the pain threshold, making it increasingly more sensitive. Serotonin can also affect sleep and the sex drive. Studies show that a chemical imbalance in specific areas of the brain, these imbalances affects the body and brain causing problems in everyday life. Serotonin carries signals along and between nerves, it is responsible for maintaining mood balance ensuring that is does not increase or decrease too much, a deficit of serotonin leads…

All people are different when it comes to their experience with addiction and mental illness. Some begin to experience mental health issues during childhood or adolescence and experiment with drugs and alcohol soon after, developing both an addiction problem and a serious mental illness at the same time. Others may seek out drugs and alcohol in an attempt to “self-medicate” a mental health issue that develops in early adulthood or that develops out of an injury or trauma later in life. Still…

I “For as far back as I can remember, I’ve felt depressed but until I was sixteen I didn’t know it had a name. I thought it was just life.” Those were the words of Erin, a woman who was officially diagnosed with major depression as a teen. Like many teens who live with this serious illness, she attempted to kill herself more than once. (Erin) In America alone one in 10 students in high school have attempted to commit suicide. Also, almost one in six people, in America between the ages 12 and 17…

anxiolytics are similarly effective in therapeutic effects on IBS. It is has been widely known that the intestine is a major place for the synthesis of monoamine neurotransmitters, especially serotonin. Although enterochromaffin cells (ECs) accounted for less than 1% of intestinal epithelial cells, 95% of serotonin in the human body is produced and released form ECs. The pathogenesis of depression is mainly due to the lack of 5-tryptophan (5-HT) in the synaptic cleft. Currently, conventional…

exam can detect depressive symptoms that can determine what is the necessary treatment. Sometimes medications are essential in order to accommodate a someone who is depressed. Some medications for those who are struggling with depression include serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Other more drastic treatments include electroconvulsive therapies. This particular therapy is only used when depression is severe or life threatening, or who are unable to take antidepressant…

Treatment Anxiety can be treated through psychological and pharmaceutical methods. The main psychological treatment is cognitive behavioural therapy (Montgomery 2009, pg. 46). Cognitive behavioural therapy is a talking therapy that manages patient’s problems by influencing and changing the way they think and behave (Muir-Cochrane, Barkway & Nizette 2014, pg. 172). Similar psychological treatments are relaxation therapy and anxiety management (Montgomery 2009, pg. 46). Other therapies are…