Wound Management 🤕

Front 1

What are the three stages of haemostasis?

Back 1

Vasoconstriction (contraction of blood vessels)

Formation of a platelet plug

Blood clotting / coagulation

Front 2

Define angiogenisis

Back 2

Formation of new blood vessels

Front 3

What cells are the first to reach the site during the inflammatory phase?

Back 3

Neutrophils followed by monocytes and lymphocytes

Front 4

Name 4 types of wound closure

Back 4

Primary closure

Delayed primary closure

Secondary closure

Second intention healing

Front 5

What is primary closure?

Back 5

First intention healing

Front 6

List properties of the optimal wound healing environment

Back 6

Correct temperature (35-37)

Correct PH level (6) slightly acidic

Moist environment to facilitate healing

Wounds must be exposed to oxygen

Bandages must not be too tight

No particles or loose fibres

Front 7

What is commonly used as a stirrup in a Robert Jones bandage?

Back 7

Zinc oxide tape

Front 8

When may you use a Robert jones bandage

Back 8

On a patient who has sustained a fracture - needs immobilising

Front 9

What is the best way to decontaminate a wound?

Back 9

Lavage

Front 10

What equipment should be used during lavage?

Back 10

20ml syringe and 18g needle

Front 11

What is mechanical debridement ?

Back 11

The physical removal of tissue adhered to on a dressing

Front 12

What is autolytic debridement?

Back 12

Performed by white blood cells during the inflammatory phase

Front 13

What factors may delay healing?

Back 13

Necrotic tissue

Dehydration

Infection

Foreign material

Insufficient oxygen and blood supply

Poor health and nutrition

Front 14

What happens during the inflammatory phase?

Back 14

Damaged cells, bacteria and pathogens are removed from the wound.

Enzymes, nutrients and white blood cells create swelling and redness

Front 15

What happens during the proliferative phase?

Back 15

Wound is replaced by granulation tissue consisting of fibroblasts, granulocytes, macrophages and blood vessels. Tissue is made up of collagen and extra cellular matrix.

Front 16

What happens during the remodelling phase?

Back 16

Water content reduces and collagen is laid down and is gradually replaced by a more stable type

Front 17

When would an absorbent dressing be used?

Back 17

On wounds with mild to moderate amounts of exudate

Front 18

When would a wet to dry dressing be used?

Back 18

To remove drainage and dead tissue from wounds - deep wounds

Front 19

When would a Manuka honey dressing be used?

Back 19

To support moist wound healing and to manage infection and wound debridement

Often used on infected wounds

Front 20

When would gel based dressings be used?

Back 20

Often for burns and traumatic wounds, ulcerations and sores.

Front 21

What are types of wound debridement?

Back 21

Autolytic, biological, enzymatic, surgical, mechanical

Front 22

What is a primary dressing layer?

Back 22

Moist layer and supports fluid absorption and stimulates granulation tissue

‘Wet to dry’

Front 23

What are aseptic techniques in wound management?

Back 23

Lavage and debridement

Front 24

What are the types of debridement?

Back 24

Autolytic, mechanical, biological and surgical

Front 25

What are indications for antibiotic therapy?

Back 25

Swabs, culture and sensitivity

Front 26

What is primary closure?

Back 26

Surgical closure

Front 27

What is primary closure?

Back 27

Surgical closure

Front 28

What is delayed primary closure?

Back 28

Managed as open wounds before surgical closure

Front 29

What is primary closure?

Back 29

Surgical closure

Front 30

What is delayed primary closure?

Back 30

Managed as open wounds before surgical closure

Front 31

What is secondary closure?

Back 31

Used for heavily contaminated wounds with damaged skin

Front 32

What is second intention healing?

Back 32

Wound is dressed and managed until heals by granulation

Front 33

What should dogs be fed during wound healing?

Back 33

4g of protein per 100kcal

Front 34

What should dogs be fed during wound healing?

Back 34

4g of protein per 100kcal

Front 35

What should cats be fed during wound healing?

Back 35

6g of protein per 100kcal

Front 36

What should patients be fed during wound healing?

Back 36

1.5 X RER

Front 37

Give some functions of a wound dressing

Back 37

Absorb exudate

Protection

Prevent infection

Promote wound healing

Maintain a high humidity

Debridement

Analgesia

Front 38

What is dehiscence?

Back 38

Breakdown of a surgical wound