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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Communism |
Society based on equitable distribution of wealth, land, and public ownership of products. |
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Satellite |
a country controlled by another country, notably Eastern European countries being controlled by the Soviets in WW2 |
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Black Market |
Illegal trade of scarce or illegal goods, usually at high prices. |
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Market Econonmy |
An economic system based on free enterprise, in which businesses are privately owned and production and prices are determined by supply and demand |
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Russification |
In 19th and 20th century Russia, a program where people were required to speak Russian and be Christian |
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Perestroika |
Russian term for "restructuring" particularly of the government. Part of Gorbachev's plan. |
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Glasnost |
Russian term for a new openness in politics, social issues, and media. Part of Gorbachev's plan. |
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Theocracy |
System of government in which the officials are regarded as divinely inspired |
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Autocracy |
System of government in which one person rules with unlimited power and authority |
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Monarchy |
A form of autocracy with a hereditary king or queen that holds absolute power |
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Democracy |
System of government in which leaders rule with consent of the citizens |
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Oligarchy |
System of government in which a small group holds power. |
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Pampas |
Grassy, treeless plains of southern South America |
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Brain Drain |
The loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries, often due to lack of opportunities in their home countries
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Oxisol |
A thick, weathered soil of the humid tropics that is depleted of nutrients |
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Cordillera |
Parallel chains or ranges of mountains |
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Favella |
A Brazilian shack or shanty town; a slum. |
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Escarpment |
A steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface |
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Machismo |
Spanish term for male dominance. |
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Loess |
A fine, yellowish and brownish topsoil made up of particles of silt and clay, carried and deposited by the wind. |
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Fragmentation |
Countries breaking apart into smaller countries, I.e. Yugoslavia
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Guest Worker |
A foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country |
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Foehn |
A dry wind the blows from the leeward sides of mountains, often causing avalanches |
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Avalanche |
A large mass of ice, snow, and rock that slides down a mountain |
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Acid Deposition |
Wet or Airborne acids that fall to the ground |
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Internal Migration |
Internal migration refers to human migration within one geopolitical entity, usually a nation |
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Industrial Revolution |
Beginning in the 1700s, rapid major change in the economy with the introduction of power-driven machinery Started in London, came to US 2 times |
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Mistral |
A strong northernly wind from the Alps that can bring cold air to southern France |
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Devolution |
The granting of self-rule to local and regional authorities |
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Dominion |
A partially self-governing country with close ties to another country |
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Syncretism |
A blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith |
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Population Pressure |
The sum of factors within a population that reduce the ability of a environment to support the population (Not enough water for 1 million people is an example) |
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Ecotourism |
The practice of business of recreational travel based on concern for the enviroment |
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Renaissance |
Rebirth; the period in European civilization characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values |
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What is map scale? |
Distance on a map in relation to actual distance on Earth |
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What does a physical map show? |
A physical map shows heights in things, such as mountains and valleys. Another name is a relief map. |
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What is the main purpose of GPS? |
To determine absolute location on Earth |
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What is an ethnic group? |
A group of people who share the same language, ancestery, etc |
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What physical feature do humans generally live near? |
River deltas/fresh water |
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How can a country experience population growth if its birth rate and death rate are equal? |
Immigration can cause a growth in population |
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What is the purpose of the United Nations? |
Fostering cooperation and world peace |
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What motivated people to move to urban areas during the Industrial revolution? |
Economic Oppurtunities |
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Why is world trade necessary? |
Because natural resources are not evenly dispersed throughout the world |
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Why did the environmental condition of the Gulf of Mexico important to the U.S. economy? |
Fishing in the Gulf provides jobs to US workers |
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What major river flows from it's source in the Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico, making it an important route for trade? |
The Mississippi River |
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What has made the United States of of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world? |
Immigrants and immigration |
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What effect did the 2008 economic downturn in the United States have on the global economy? |
Other countries that invested in the US had economic distress Caused by mortgage crisis |
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How did the level of available natural mineral resources affect industrialization in the United States? |
Sped industrialization because of access to minerals |
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What controversy surrounds aquaculture in Canada? |
Issues in fish industries causes unsafe food |
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What mountains stretch from New Mexico to Alaska? |
The Rockies. |
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What warm, northward flowing ocean current plays a major role in Canada's climates? |
The Gulf Stream. |
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What is the Canadian Shield? |
An ice sheet stretching from the Hudson Bay to the James Bay that anchors North America to the continental plate |
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What industry has been essential to Canada's economic development? |
The transportation industry |
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How do industrial emissions in the United States affect Canada? |
They create Acid Rain that threatens trees and water systems |
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What mountains are located to the east of Canada's central regional plains? |
The Appalachian Mountains |
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What is the largest Natural Lake in the World? (In Mexico) |
Lake Chapala |
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Why is Western Mexico subject to volcanic eruptions? |
It in on the junction of several tectonic plates |
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What is a primate city? |
The economic, political, and cultural "capital" of a country |
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What are the living arrangements of many of Mexico's rural residents? |
Many people live with their extended family |
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Why are Mexico City's residents encouraged to use bicycles for transportation? |
The government encourages it to reduce air pollution in the city |
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What caused land subsidence in Mexico City? |
Sinkholes from lack of water located in land
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Why is water scarcity as growing issue in Mexico? |
Population pressure caused by a growing population paired with few water systems. |
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How did the Great Lakes form? |
Large glaciers that melted
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How was the geography important to the colonial New England economy? |
Timber and fish made ship building and fishing important industries
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In what U.S. city did the building of levees damage that natural landscape that once protected it from flooding? |
New Orleans, Lousiana
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What are some sources of renewable energy? |
Hydroelectricty, solar, and wind
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What is smog? |
Haze caused by the interaction of ultraviolet solar radiation with chemical fumes from automobile exhausts and other pollution sources
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Which U.S. cities are leaders in the high-tech industry? |
California's Silicon Valley
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What economic activities are characteristics of a postindustrial economy? |
Emphasizes service and technology rather than industry and manufacturing
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How has NAFTA created environmental issues along the Rio Grande? |
It encourages maquiladoras near the border, which cause poor worker quality and water pollution
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Describe the climate of Central America and the Caribbean. |
Almost always warm and humid
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What economic sector employs most workers in Central America? |
Agricultural and labor sectors
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What conditions allow diseases to spread quickly in Central America's slums? |
No sanitation matched with people living closely together. |
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How do Central American nations promote sustainable development? |
Reforestation |
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What are the effects of deforestation in Central America? |
Severely alters biologically rich ecosystems of tropical rain forests and threatens various species of plants and organisms from which key medicines are derived
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What energy source powers many of Norway's manufacturing plats? |
Hydroelectric power
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What are the taiga of Scandinavia and Russia that have that have not been deforested? |
The boreal forest
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What is causing ice to melt in Northern Europe? |
Warmer temperatures due to rapid climate change in high latitude
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What are the two greatest sources of air pollution in Northwestern Europe? |
Manufacturing industries and heavy use of vehicles
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What characteristics of Northern European Plain originally attracted farmers to settle in the area? |
Fertile soil and plenty of water
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What type of land form is found in regions that may be prone to earthquakes caused by plate tectonic forces? |
Mastiffs |
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Describe the current population patterns in Southern Europe. |
A densely popular but small and declining population
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What economic actions by the European Union have caused political tension among member states? |
Giving money away to Eastern Europe but not to Western Europe
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How was the political geography of Eastern Europe reshaped after the end of WW1? |
Became a buffer zone for the Soviet Union |
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Why were factories build and operated under the communist era allowed to create and emit so much pollution?` |
Main concern was rapid industrialization and not protecting the enviroment
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Which two ethnic groups were most affected by ethnic cleansing during the 1990's? |
The Bosnian Croats and the Bosnian Muslims
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What factors have led to the deforestation of many of Europe's original forests? |
Soil erosion and forest fires |
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Why is climate change more noticeable in Northern Europe? |
High- latitude location
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Is air pollution minimal in Northern Europe? |
No- air pollution from other parts of Europe is carried by wind to Northern Europe
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What effect have conservation efforts by Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark had on forest resources? |
Resources in forests have substantially increased
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What is happening to the Mediterranean Sea? |
Many countries are dumping poisonous waste into the seas making it very polluted
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What is the Kyoto Protocol and what nations are a part of it? |
International agreement that agreed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, 37 industrialized countries
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What does the Vatican City's relationships to Rome depend on? |
Complementarity between the two states
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What peninsulas make up Southern Europe? |
The Balkan penninsula (where Yugoslavia was)
The Iberian penninsula (Spain and Portugal) The Italian penninsula (Italy) |
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What requirements has the European Union placed on factories in it's member nations? |
Reductions in the amount of air emissions
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Where do the majority of people in Eastern Europe live? |
In and around large cities and towns
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Who is Peter the Great? |
A Russian Tzar that came to power and modernized Russia
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Where is Macchu Pichu and what is it known as? |
Peru's most well known archeological site In the Andes Mountains |
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Where is the Amazon and what is it? |
The worlds largest rainforest, located in eastern South America
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Where is Lake Titicaca and what is significant about it? |
Located in Venezuela, South America's largest lake
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