Venous Drainage

Front 1

venous sinuses are formed by folds in the ____ ____

Back 1

dura mater

Front 2

venous sinuses are lined by what?

Back 2

endothelium cells

Front 3

Name the important major venous sinuses.

Back 3

superior sagittal sinus
transverse sinus
sigmoid sinus
superior petrosal sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
cavernous sinus
intercavernous sinus
sphenoparietal sinus
straight sinus

Front 4

Some sinuses contain few valves. True or false?

Back 4

false: none of them have valves

Front 5

What is the clinical significance of lack of valves in the sinuses?

Back 5

infections may spread

Front 6

Back 6

a. superior sagittal sinus
b. straight sinus
c. transverse sinus
d. sigmoid sinus
e. inferior petrosal sinus
f. superior petrosal sinus
g. cavernous sinus

Front 7

While most of the cranial venous blood is drained ultimately through the _____ sinus which runs through the _____ canal to become the _____ vein, sinuses also connect throughout the head and neck to the facial circulation and that of the scalp.

Back 7

sigmoid
jugular canal
internal jugular

Front 8

Back 8

a. sphenoparietal sinus
b. posterior intercavernous sinus
c. cavernous sinus
d. superior petrosal sinus
e. inferior petrosal sinus
f. sigmoid sinus
g. transverse sinus

Front 9

Back 9

a. superior petrosal sinus
b. transverse sinus
c. straight sinus
d. transverse sinus
e. inferior petrosal sinus

Front 10

Which veins and sinus drain into cavernous sinus?

Back 10

middle and inferior cerebral veins
sphenoparietal sinus

Front 11

Describe the connections of veins and sinuses behind the eye and around the face.

Back 11

cavernous sinus connected to superior opthalmic veins
superior opthalmic veins connected to angular veins or facial veins

Front 12

Describe the typical drainage of cavernous sinus

Back 12

cavernous sinus => superior petrosal sinus => sigmoid sinus
cavernous sinus => inferior petrosal sinus => internal jugular vein

Front 13

The cavernous sinuses communicate across the midline via ______ and ______ ______ sinuses around the ______.

Back 13

anterior
posterior intercavernous
hypophysis

Front 14

The cavernous sinuses communicate with the pterygoid plexus via the ____ ____ vein which runs through the ____ ____ foramen (40% of skulls), and by small veins running through ____ ____ and passing through the cartilage plug of ____ ____.

Back 14

sphenoid emmissary
sphenoid emmissary
foramen ovale
foramen lacerum

Front 15

What is the biggest driving force on blood in the cavernous sinus?

Back 15

the pulsing of the internal carotid artery which sits inside the sinus

Front 16

Internal jugular vein arises from which sinus at what location?

Back 16

sigmoid sinus at inferior end of the jugular canal

Front 17

Internal jugular vein runs in the ____ ____ with the ____ and ____ ____ arteries and the ____ nerve.

Back 17

carotid sheath
internal
common carotid
vagus

Front 18

Describe the connections of internal jugular vein to the heart.

Back 18

internal jugular vein + external jugular vein + subclavian vein => brachiocephalic vein
left brachiocephalic vein + right brachiocephalic vein => superior vena cava

Front 19

Back 19

a. superficial temporal vein
b. maxillary vein
c. posterior auricular vein
d. retromandibular vein
e. sternocleidomastoid muscle
f. internal jugular vein
g. facial vein
h. superior labial vein
i. inferior labial vein
j. anterior jugular vein
k. external jugular vein

Front 20

Anterior jugular vein drains into which vein?

Back 20

External jugular vein

Front 21

Which two veins join to form the external jugular vein?

Back 21

posterior auricular vein and retromandibular vein

Front 22

External jugular vein drains into which vein?

Back 22

subclavian vein

Front 23

Describe the dangerous triangle.

Back 23

The venous drainage of the head has no valves allowing flow of veins straight back into superior opthalmic vein leading into cavernous sinus

Front 24

Where is pterygoid plexus located?

Back 24

between lateral and medial pterygoids and between lateral pterygoid and temporalis

Front 25

Describe how pterygoid plexus is connected with cavernous sinus

Back 25

connects via foramen ovale, sphenoid emissary foramen and foramen lacerum

Front 26

All blood from the subclavian veins drains back into the ____ ____ ____, which opens into the right atrium of the heart.

Back 26

superior vena cava

Front 27

Lymph is collected into the ____ ____ vein through the thoracic duct, and into the right subclavian vein through the ____ ____ ____.

Back 27

left subclavian
right lymphatic duct