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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What do plants need? (5) |
Light, O², water, NPK, temp. |
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What does NPK (fertilisers/nutrients) stand for? |
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Potassium |
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What are the plant organs? |
Leaves, stem, roots. |
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What are leaves made up of? |
Layers of specialised cells |
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What are the structures within leaves? In order. |
Upper Epidermis, Palisade Mesophyll, Spongy Mesophyll, Lower Epidermis, Guard Cells. |
UE, PM, SM, LE, G. |
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What does the UE do? |
Allows light to pass through & prevents water loss. |
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What does the PM do? |
Photosynthesis main cells, many choloropasts. |
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What do the SM do? |
Contains air spaces for gas exchange, has chloroplasts too. |
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What do the guard cells do? |
Controls opening & closing of the stomata & also has chloroplasts. |
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What is the stomata? |
Air space that allows O² & H2o to leave & CO² to enter the leaf. |
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How does water enter plants? |
Through xylem in the soil roots. |
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How is the water absorbed into the roots? |
Through root hair cells with a large surface area by OSMOSIS. |
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Anddd how does osmosis occur again? |
Water moves from an area of high concentration (soil) to low concentration (plant) though a concentration gradient. |
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What is xylem? |
A transport vessel/structure within plants. |
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What is the xylem function? |
To transport water & minerals from the soil in a ONE WAY system up into the plant. |
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What are the structures within xylem? |
Is made of hollow, dead tubes that are lignified or thickened by lignin. |
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How are the minerals transported? |
Dissolved into the water that gets absorbed by xylem. |
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What are the leaves? |
The main part of the plant that carries out photosynthesis & has high glucose production. |
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Why do plants have transport systems? |
To move sugar around the plant. |
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What is phloem? |
A transport vessel/structure within plants. |
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What is the phloem function? |
To transport water (H2o) & food (Sugar/Glucose) in and out in a TWO WAY FLOW around the plant. |
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What are the structures within phloem? |
Alive tissues, companion cells & end walls with perforations called sieve plates. |
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What is the vascular bundle? |
The structures of xylem & phloem within plants. |
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Is the vascular bundle structure the same in all parts of the plant, |
No it differentiates to suit the function of the plant. (e.g the x&p on outside of stem to better protect) |
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What is the function of the seive plates? |
Allows sugars to pass from one cell to the next. |
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What is the function of companion cells? |
Controls the sieve tube? |
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What is transpiration? |
Process of water moving through a plant & it's evaporation through the stomata. |
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What how do you measure the rate of transpiration? |
Transpirometer or potometer. |
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How does a transpirometer measure rate of transpiration? |
H2o transpired via leaves, shoot absorbs water from the potometer. Distance air bubble moves in a certain period of time used to measure. |
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What can effect increase/decrease of transpiration? |
Increase/ decrease of wind speed, humidity, temp, SA (Surface Area) |
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