Toeic Vocabulary Chapter.03 Finance & Budgeting

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plummet

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to fall suddenly and quickly from a high level or position 暴跌；速降

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quota

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the limited number or amount of people or things that is officially allowed 定額；限額；配額 countable
an amount of something that somebody expects or needs to have or achieve 定量；定額；指標 countable
a fixed number of votes that a candidate needs in order to be elected （候選人當選所需的）規定票數，最低票數 singular politics

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rally

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noun
a large public meeting, especially one held to support a particular idea or political party 公眾集會，群眾大會（尤指支持某信念或政黨的） countable
See also: pep rally
a race for motor vehicles over public roads 公路汽車賽 countable British English
in tennis and similar sports 網球及類似項目 a series of hits of the ball before a point is scored （爭奪一分的）往返拍擊；對打 countable
in sport or on the Stock Exchange 體育運動或證券交易 an act of returning to a strong position after a period of difficulty or weakness 止跌回升 singular
verb
Irregular: rallies; rallying; rallied; rallied
to come together or bring people together in order to help or support somebody/something 召集；集合 ~ (sb/sth) (around/behind/to sb/sth)
to become healthier, stronger, etc. after a period of illness, weakness, etc. 復原；恢復健康；振作精神 V
especially of share prices or a country's money 尤指股票價格或貨幣 to increase in value after falling in value 價格回升；跌後回升 V finance
Phrasal: rally round/around; rally round/around somebody
of a group of people 一群人 to work together in order to help somebody who is in a difficult or unpleasant situation 團結在一起

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recede

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verb
to move gradually away from somebody or away from a previous position 逐漸遠離；漸漸遠去 written V
especially of a problem, feeling or quality 尤指問題、感情或品質 to become gradually weaker or smaller 逐漸減弱；慢慢變小 written V
of hair 頭髮 to stop growing at the front of the head （頭頂前部）頭髮停止生長，變禿 V
a chin that slopes backwards towards the neck 向後縮的下巴 a ~ chin V

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recession

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noun
a difficult time for the economy of a country, when there is less trade and industrial activity than usual and more people are unemployed 經濟衰退；經濟萎縮 countable uncountable
the movement backwards of something from a previous position 退後；撤回 uncountable formal

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revenue

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the money that a government receives from taxes or that an organization, etc. receives from its business 財政收入；稅收收入；收益 noun uncountable

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revolve

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to go in a circle around a central point 旋轉；環繞；轉動 verb V
Phrasal: revolve around/round something
to move around something in a circle 繞…旋轉（或做圓周運動）
Phrasal: revolve around/round somebody/something
to have somebody/something as the main interest or subject 圍繞；以…為中心；將…作為主要興趣（或主題）

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revolution

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noun
an attempt, by a large number of people, to change the government of a country, especially by violent action 革命 countable uncountable
See also: counter-revolution; revolt
a great change in conditions, ways of working, beliefs, etc. that affects large numbers of people 巨變；大變革 countable ~ (in sth)
a complete circular movement around a point, especially of one planet around another （環繞中心點的）旋轉；（尤指）天體運行 countable uncountable ~ (around/on sth)
a circular movement made by something fixed to a central point, for example in a car engine 旋轉；繞軸旋轉 countable
Variant: rev informal

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royalty

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noun
Irregular: -ies plural
one or more members of a royal family 王室成員 uncountable
a sum of money that is paid to somebody who has written a book, piece of music, etc. each time that it is sold or performed 版稅 countable usually plural
a sum of money that is paid by an oil or mining company to the owner of the land that they are working on 礦區土地使用費（由採礦或石油公司等付給土地所有人） countable usually plural

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sales forecast

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銷售預測

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slash

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verb
to make a long cut with a sharp object, especially in a violent way （用利器）砍，劈 VN
to reduce something by a large amount 大幅度削減；大大降低 often passive VN
Phrasal: slash at somebody/something (with something)
to attack somebody violently with a knife, etc. （用刀等）猛砍，砍擊
noun
a sharp movement made with a knife, etc. in order to cut somebody/something （用刀等）砍，劈 countable
a long narrow wound or cut （長而窄的）傷口，切口，砍痕 countable
the symbol (/) used to show alternatives, as in lunch and/or dinner and 4/5 people and to write fractions, as in 3/4 斜杠；斜線號 countable
Variant: oblique British English
an act of urinating 撒尿 singular British English slang
Alternate: a slash

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slump

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verb
to fall in price, value, number, etc., suddenly and by a large amount （價格、價值、數量等）驟降，猛跌，銳減 ~ (by sth) ~ (from sth) (to sth) V
to sit or fall down heavily 重重地坐下（或倒下） VN + adv./prep. V
noun
a sudden fall in sales, prices, the value of something, etc. （銷售量、價格、價值等的）驟降，猛跌，銳減 ~ (in sth)
a period when a country's economy or a business is doing very badly 蕭條期；衰退

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soar

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verb
if the value, amount or level of something soars, it rises very quickly 急升；猛增 V written
to rise quickly and smoothly up into the air 升空；升騰 ~ (up) (into sth) V written
to fly very high in the air or remain high in the air 高飛；翱翔 V written
to be very high or tall 高聳；聳立 V written
when music soars, it becomes higher or louder （音樂）升高，增強 V written

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speculate

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verb
to form an opinion about something without knowing all the details or facts 推測；猜測；推斷 ~ (about/on sth)
to buy goods, property, shares, etc., hoping to make a profit when you sell them, but with the risk of losing money 投機；做投機買賣 V ~ (in/on sth)

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speculator

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a person who buys and sells goods or shares in a company in the hope of making a profit 投機商；投機倒把者 noun

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stagnate

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verb
to stop developing or making progress 停滯；不發展；不進步 V
to be or become stagnant 因不流動而變得污濁 V

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stagnation

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noun
淤塞;停滯
不景氣

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stock exchange

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a place where shares in companies are bought and sold; all of the business activity involved in doing this 證券交易（所）；股票交易（所） noun usually singular

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surge

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verb
to move quickly and forcefully in a particular direction 湧；洶湧；湧動 VN + adv./prep. V
to fill somebody with a strong feeling 使強烈地感到 usually VN + adv./prep. V
of prices, profits, etc. 物價、利潤等 to suddenly increase in value 急劇上升；飛漲；激增 V
See also: upsurge
noun
a sudden increase of a strong feeling （強烈感情的）突發 ~ (of sth)
See also: upsurge
a sudden increase in the amount or number of something; a large amount of something （數量的）急劇上升，激增；大量；一大批 ~ (in/of sth)
See also: upsurge
a sudden, strong forward or upward movement 奔湧向前；突然的向上運動 ~ (of sth)

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survey

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noun
/ˈsɜːveɪ/ DJ /ˈsɜːrveɪ/ DJ, US /'sɝve/ KK, US
an investigation of the opinions, behaviour, etc. of a particular group of people, which is usually done by asking them questions 民意調查；民意測驗
the act of examining and recording the measurements, features, etc. of an area of land in order to make a map or plan of it 測量；勘測；測繪
an examination of the condition of a house, etc., usually done for somebody who is thinking of buying it （尤指為欲購房者所做的）房屋鑒定 British English
a general study, view or description or something 總體研究；全面評述；概述
verb
/səˈveɪ/ DJ /sərˈveɪ/ DJ, US /sɚ've/ KK, US
to look carefully at the whole of something, especially in order to get a general impression of it 查看；審視；審察 VN
to study and give a general description of something 總體研究；全面評述；概述 VN
to measure and record the features of an area of land, for example in order to make a map or in preparation for building 測量；勘測；測繪 VN
to examine a building to make sure it is in good condition （對建築物的）鑒定，檢查 British English VN
to investigate the opinions or behaviour of a group of people by asking them a series of questions （對…）做民意調查，進行民意測驗 VN

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tax

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noun
money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services. People pay tax according to their income and businesses pay tax according to their profits. Tax is also often paid on goods and services. 稅；稅款 countable uncountable ~ (on sth)

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taxation

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noun
money that has to be paid as taxes 稅；稅款；稅金；稅收 uncountable
the system of collecting money by taxes 稅制；徵稅；課稅 uncountable

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trade deficit

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the difference between the value of a country's imports and the value of its exports 對外貿易逆差；貿易赤字 noun usually singular

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trough

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noun
a long narrow open container for animals to eat or drink from 槽；飼料槽；飲水槽 countable
if you say that people have their noses in the trough, you mean that they are trying to get a lot of money for themselves 錢槽；錢眼 singular informal
Alternate: the trough
a long narrow region of low air pressure between two regions of higher pressure 低壓槽；槽形低壓 countable technical
See also: ridge
a period of time when the level of something is low, especially a time when a business or the economy is not growing 低谷；（企業或經濟的）低潮，蕭條階段 countable
a low area between two waves in the sea, or two hills （海浪間的）波谷；（小山間的）槽谷，盆狀窪地 countable

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turnover

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noun
the total amount of goods or services sold by a company during a particular period of time （一定時期內的）營業額，成交量 countable usually singular uncountable ~ (of sth)
the rate at which employees leave a company and are replaced by other people 人事變更率；人員調整率 singular ~ (of sb)
the rate at which goods are sold in a shop/store and replaced by others （商店的）貨物週轉率，銷售比率 singular ~ (of sth)
a small pie in the shape of a triangle or half a circle, filled with fruit or jam 三角餡餅，半圓餡餅（以水果或果醬作餡） countable

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variable costs

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可變成本

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venture capital

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money that is lent to somebody to buy buildings, equipment, etc. when they start a business 風險資本（創建企業時為購買建築物、設備等借貸的資金）

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venture

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noun
a business project or activity, especially one that involves taking risks （尤指有風險的）企業，商業，投機活動，經營項目
verb
to go somewhere even though you know that it might be dangerous or unpleasant 敢於去（危險或令人不快的地方） V VN + adv./prep.
to say or do something in a careful way, especially because it might upset or offend somebody 小心地說，謹慎地做（尤指會使人煩惱或不快的事） formal
to risk losing something valuable or important if you are not successful at something 冒着（失去貴重或重要的東西）的危險 VN ~ sth (on sth)
Idiom: nothing ventured, nothing gained saying
used to say that you have to take risks if you want to achieve things and be successful 不敢冒險就一事無成；不入虎穴，焉得虎子
Phrasal: venture into/on something
to do something, even though it involves risks 冒險做

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capital

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noun
the most important town or city of a country, usually where the central government operates from 首都；國都 countable
Variant: capital city
a large amount of money that is invested or is used to start a business 資本；資金；啟動資金 singular
wealth or property that is owned by a business or a person 財富；財產 uncountable
people who use their money to start businesses, considered as a group 資方 uncountable technical
a letter of the form and size that is used at the beginning of a sentence or a name (= A,B,C rather than a,b,c) 大寫字母 countable
Variant: capital letter
the top part of a column 柱頂；柱頭
See also: arcade
Idiom: make capital (out) of something
to use a situation for your own advantage 從…中撈取好處；利用…謀求私利
adjective
involving punishment by death 死刑的 only before noun
of letters of the alphabet 字母表字母 having the form and size used at the beginning of a sentence or a name 大寫的 only before noun
See also: lower case
excellent 頂好的；極好的 old-fashioned British English
Idiom: with a capital A, B, etc.
used to emphasize that a word has a stronger meaning than usual in a particular situation （強調有特別含義的字眼）真正地，名副其實地，不折不扣地

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waive

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to choose not to demand something in a particular case, even though you have a legal or official right to do so 放棄（權利、要求等） verb VN
撤銷

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windfall

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noun
an amount of money that somebody/something wins or receives unexpectedly 意外之財；意外獲得的東西
a fruit, especially an apple, that the wind has blown down from a tree 風吹落的果子（尤指蘋果）
意料之外

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wipe off

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phrase
去掉
抵銷

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wipe

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verb
to rub a surface with a cloth, etc. in order to clean it; to rub something against a surface, in order to remove dirt or liquid from it 擦；拭；抹；揩；蹭 ~ sth (on/with sth)
to remove dirt, liquid, etc. from something by using a cloth, your hand, etc. （用布、手等）擦乾淨，抹掉 VN ~ sth (from/off sth) ~ sth (away/off/up)
to remove information, sound, images, etc. from a computer, tape or video 消除，抹去（計算機、磁帶或錄像機上的信息等） VN ~ sth (off/off sth)
to deliberately forget an experience because it was unpleasant or embarrassing 抹去（舊事） VN ~ sth from sth ~ sth out
Idiom: wipe the floor with somebody informal
to defeat somebody completely in an argument or a competition （在辯論或比賽中）徹底戰勝，把…打得一敗塗地
Idiom: wipe somebody/something off the face of the earth; wipe something off the map
to destroy or remove somebody/something completely 使…從地球上消失；徹底消除
Idiom: wipe the slate clean
to agree to forget about past mistakes or arguments and start again with a relationship 把以往過錯一筆勾銷；一消前愆；捐棄前嫌
Phrasal: wipe something↔down
to clean a surface completely, using a wet cloth （用濕布）徹底揩擦乾淨
Phrasal: wipe something off something
to remove something from something 從…除掉（或抹掉）
Phrasal: wipe out informal
to fall over, especially when you are doing a sport such as skiing or surfing （尤指做滑雪或衝浪等體育運動時）跌倒，翻跌下來
Phrasal: wipe somebody/something↔out often passive
to destroy or remove somebody/something completely 徹底消滅；全部摧毀
noun
an act of cleaning something using a cloth 擦；揩；拭
a special piece of thin fabric or soft paper that is soaked in a liquid and that you use to clean away dirt and bacteria 抹布；（濕）紙巾

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withdrawal

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noun
the act of moving or taking something away or back 撤走；收回；取回 uncountable countable
the act of no longer taking part in something or being a member of an organization 不再參加；退出（組織） uncountable
the act of taking an amount of money out of your bank account （從銀行賬戶中）提款，取款 countable
the period of time when somebody is getting used to not taking a drug that they have become dependent on, and the unpleasant effects of doing this 戒毒過程；脫癮過程 uncountable
the act of saying that you no longer believe that something you have previously said is true （對說過的話的）收回，撤回 countable usually singular uncountable
See also: retraction Synonym
the behaviour of somebody who wants to be alone and does not want to communicate with other people 孤僻 uncountable psychology

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concern

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verb
to affect somebody; to involve somebody 影響，涉及，牽涉（某人） VN often passive
to be about something 與…有關；涉及 VN
Alternate: be concerned with something also
to worry somebody 讓（某人）擔憂
See also: concerned
to take an interest in something （對…）感興趣 VN ~ yourself with/about sth
to think it is important to do something 認為（做某事）重要 VN to inf. formal
Alternate: be concerned to do something
See also: as/so far as somebody/something is concerned
noun
a feeling of worry, especially one that is shared by many people （尤指許多人共同的）擔心，憂慮 uncountable countable ~ (about/for/over sth/sb) ~ (that…)
See also: unconcern
a desire to protect and help somebody/something 關愛；關心 uncountable
something that is important to a person, an organization, etc. （對人、組織等）重要的事情 countable
something that is your responsibility or that you have a right to know about （某人）負責的事，有權知道的事 countable usually singular formal
a company or business 公司；商行；企業 countable

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account

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noun
an arrangement that somebody has with a bank, etc. to keep money there, take some out, etc. 賬戶
See also: budget account; checking account; current account; deposit account
a written record of money that is owed to a business and of money that has been paid by it 賬目 usually plural
See also: expense account; profit and loss account
an arrangement with a shop/store or business to pay bills for goods or services at a later time, for example in regular amounts every month 賒銷賬；賒欠賬；賒購
Variant: credit account British English
Variant: charge account American English
a regular customer 老主顧 business
an arrangement that somebody has with a company that allows them to use the Internet, send and receive messages by e-mail, etc. （互聯網收發電子郵件的）賬戶，賬號
a written or spoken description of something that has happened 描述；叙述；報告
an explanation or a description of an idea, a theory or a process （思想、理論、過程的）解釋，說明，叙述
verb
to have the opinion that somebody/something is a particular thing 認為是；視為 usually passive formal
Idiom: there's no accounting for taste saying
used to say how difficult it is to understand why somebody likes somebody/something that you do not like at all 人的愛憎好惡是無法解釋的；人各有所好
Phrasal: account for something
to be the explanation or cause of something 是…的說明（或原因）
to give an explanation of something 解釋；說明
to be a particular amount or part of something （數量上、比例上）佔
Phrasal: account for somebody/something
to know where somebody/something is or what has happened to them, especially after an accident （尤指在事故之後）瞭解，查明
to defeat or destroy somebody/something 打敗；破壞；摧毀；消滅 informal
Phrasal: account for something (to somebody)
to give a satisfactory record of how the money in your care has been spent 說明錢財的處置情況；報賬

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accounting standards

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會計準則