Test Bank Questions From Ch3 Govt And Politics In The Lone Star State

Front 1

According to a 2002 census, Texas had more than _____ governmental units.

Back 1

89,000

Front 2

The jurisdictional structure of governments in this country is

Back 2

complex and confusing

Front 3

The three fundamental systems for structuring government are

Back 3

confederation, federalism, and unitary

Front 4

There is no such thing as

Back 4

the sovereignty of local government in Texas.

Front 5

The organization and operation of our federal system of government is a system

Back 5

of many shared functions and responsibilities.

Front 6

Within the U.S., the return of powers to the states is called

Back 6

devolution.

Front 7

Most official proceedings concerning our daily lives come from _____ governments.

Back 7

state and local

Front 8

The _____ clause in the U.S. Constitution implies that when there is a power struggle between the federal government and a state government, the federal government triumphs.

Back 8

supremacy

Front 9

The Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution contains the _____ powers clause.

Back 9

reserved

Front 10

The U.S. Constitution limits the powers of the state and national government through prohibitions called _____ powers

Back 10

denied

Front 11

The powers to tax, to borrow and coin money, and to declare war in the U.S. Constitution are called enumerated powers or _____ powers.

Back 11

delegated

Front 12

Because the writers of the Constitution foresaw the necessity to organize formal agreements between states, they provided for _____ compacts.

Back 12

interstate

Front 13

_____ are issues between the states that are often solved by U.S. Supreme Court decisions.

Back 13

licensing fees that affect interstate banking, boundary disputes and tax jurisdiction

Front 14

The U.S. Constitution provides for the return of a person accused of a crime to the state in which the crime was committed. This process between the states is called

Back 14

extradition.

Front 15

In virtually every area of public policy, governments must

Back 15

coordinate, collaborate, and cooperate

Front 16

An early example of dual federalism involved the Supreme Court’s decision in

Back 16

McCulloch v. Maryland

Front 17

Those supporting the development of cooperative federalism

Back 17

embrace the concept that all three levels of government share authority over policy.

Front 18

Over the past 50 years the federal government has used various devices to shape and implement domestic programs. The primary vehicle for this has been

Back 18

categorical grants-in-aid.

Front 19

Money supplied by the federal government as a categorical grant-in-aid is divided into two categories, _____ grants.

Back 19

project and formula

Front 20

A _____ grant requires a state or local government to submit an application for funds.
a. matching funds

Back 20

project

Front 21

One reason for the national government to use matching funds is so that the state and local governments

Back 21

have a strong commitment to the funded program and its policy objectives.

Front 22

President Richard Nixon advocated consolidating many categorical grants into _____ grants which allowed the states more _____ over the allocation of funds

Back 22

block, discretion

Front 23

President Nixon, in addition to calling for the consolidation of categorical grants, proposed replacing these programs with revenue sharing to

Back 23

allow recipients to use the money as they saw fit.

Front 24

President Carter, a former governor of Georgia, attempted

Back 24

to expand the federal government’s role to assist local governments.

Front 25

President Ronald Reagan ended revenue sharing to state and local governments

Back 25

to reduce the federal budget deficit.

Front 26

President Ronald Reagan was particularly critical of

Back 26

welfare assistance

Front 27

Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush both used executive orders and administrative initiatives to augment the discretionary powers of the states. These efforts were blunted somewhat through the efforts of both

Back 27

the Congress and federal courts

Front 28

In the past twenty years, Congress has

Back 28

increased the number of mandates and preemptions forced on the states.

Front 29

In 1990, Congress passed _____, which requires governments to make extensive and costly changes in public facilities

Back 29

the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Front 30

Congress enacted a major welfare reform bill in 1996 that eliminated entitlements under Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and replaced it with

Back 30

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

Front 31

In 1996, in response to state courts upholding the legality of gay marriages, Congress passed the

Back 31

Defense of Marriage Act.

Front 32

After the events of 9/11, President George W. Bush endorsed the _____, which increased
government surveillance powers to investigate espionage and terrorism

Back 32

USA PATRIOT ACT

Front 33

The _____ courts have played a central role in defining power, authority, and jurisdiction in the federal system.

Back 33

federal

Front 34

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case of United States v. Lopez that Congress had

Back 34

overreached its constitutional power concerning interstate commerce

Front 35

In Printz v. United States, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down provisions of the _____ requiring background checks on handgun purchases.

Back 35

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act

Front 36

The U.S. Supreme Court required that the Virginia Military Institute (VMI)

Back 36

permit women to attend

Front 37

Of the fifty states ranked by per capita distribution of federal grants to state and local government, Texas ranks

Back 37

near the bottom

Front 38

Money from the federal government accounts for approximately _____ percent of the total Texas budget.

Back 38

30

Front 39

The Texas Office of State-Federal Relations lobbies the federal government for

Back 39

additional programs, relief from mandates and adjustments in funding to our advantage.

Front 40

Some state agencies and communities across the state have resisted taking federal dollars because of

Back 40

the "strings" attached to grant programs

Front 41

The problems and interests that Texas and Mexico share are called

Back 41

transnational regionalism

Front 42

The maquiladora program involved

Back 42

twin plants in Mexico and the U.S.

Front 43

One of the most significant changes in Mexican law resulting from the maquiladora program was

Back 43

allowing 100 percent foreign ownership of assembly plants in Mexico.

Front 44

In a maquiladora program, plants in _____ manufacture the parts of a product and plants in _____ assemble those parts into a finished product.

Back 44

the U.S.; Mexico

Front 45

In 1991, the U.S., Mexico and Canada negotiated the

Back 45

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

Front 46

The benefits to Texas from NAFTA are

Back 46

unevenly distributed throughout the state

Front 47

Groups disquieted by NAFTA policies include

Back 47

U.S. labor unions, U.S. manufacturers, and Mexican Human Rights advocates.

Front 48

Texas exported more than _____ billion dollars worth of goods to Mexico in 2008.

Back 48

62

Front 49

49. In addition to sharing a common border, the U.S. and Mexico must understand that they share

Back 49

e. air and water pollution, industrial development and population growth along the border.

Front 50

On the Texas side of the border there are more than 1,200 _____ – rural, unincorporated slums that have substandard housing, roads, and drainage and, in many cases, lack water and sewage systems.

Back 50

colonias

Front 51

A major factor in illegal immigration, according to the text, is

Back 51

that it was legal to hire an illegal alien until 1986

Front 52

The 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act provided amnesty to illegal immigrants who had moved to the U.S. prior to January 1,

Back 52

1982.

Front 53

Many Texas individuals and businesses rely on _____ for cheap labor.

Back 53

illegals

Front 54

Increased economic integration between Mexico and the U.S. is having an impact on concerns such as

Back 54

infrastructure requirements, air pollution, and health care.