Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Norman Triplett (1897)
|
Conducted the first experiment in the areas of social facilitation and social-psychological. Discovered that cycling with people boosts an individual's performance
|
|
Coleman Griffith (1920s)
|
Father of American Psychology, conducted research with baseball and football teams
|
|
Dorothy Yates (1940s)
|
Used relaxation training intervention with college boxers
|
|
Dorothy Harris (1972)
|
Developed the first graduate sport psychology program and became the first female president
|
|
Bruce Ogilive (1960s)
|
Father of American applied sport psychology
|
|
In what year was the Association of Applied Sport Psychology established (AASP)?
|
1986
|
|
In what year did an officially recognized sport psychologist accompany the US olympic team?
|
1988
|
|
In what year did AASP establish the certified consultant guidelines? How many guidelines were passed?
|
1991. Over 400 guidelines were passed
|
|
From 2001-present, what has been happening in the field of sport psych?
|
Graduate programs are on the rise, more specializations for exercise, performance and military psych.
|
|
What are the three sport psych orientations?
|
Psychophysiological, social-psychological and cognitive-behavioral
|
|
What different fields is sport psych very similar to?
|
Sports medicine, sport sociology and social psychology
|
|
What is sport psychology?
|
It is the study of psychological factors that affect performance (athlete's anxiety, coaches' reinforcement). It is also the study of the impact of sport participation on psychological factors
|
|
Describe the psychophysiological orientation
|
Focus on examining the physiological processes of the brain and their influences on physical activity (heart rate, brain activity and muscle action potentials)
|
|
Describe the social-psychological orientation
|
Focus on the complex interaction between the environment and one's personal makeup (i.e. coaches leadership style)
|
|
Describe the cognitive-behavioral orientation
|
Focus on thoughts or cognitions as a crucial part in determining behavior
|
|
What are the two specialities in sport psychology?
|
Clinical and educational
|
|
What is the main difference between the two specialities?
|
Clinical sport psychologists are licensed and able to treat athletes who have severe emotional disorders while educational sport psychologists are more "mental coaches"
|
|
What is the psychodynamic approach of studying personality?
|
Freud-Id, Ego, Superego. Delves into unconscious aspects of behavior. Interested in the whole person, childhood experience. Not commonly used
|
|
What is the trait approach of studying personality?
|
Personality traits are stable and enduring; staying consistent across situations. Strong likelihood of predicting behavior
|
|
What are the big five personality traits used in the trait approach questionare?
|
1) Extraversion 2) Agreeableness 3) Conscientiousness
4) Neuroticism 5) Openness |
|
True or False: The role of situational and environmental factor is minimal to psychologists that follow the trait approach
|
True
|
|
Name some research findings in the trait approach studies
|
Male soccer players who go up for more headers have higher extraversion; Team sport athletes score high in agreeableness while individual sport athletes score high in conscientiousness
|
|
Describe the athletic motivation inventory that was proposed by Ogilvie in 1971
|
It claimed to predict guarantee athletic success by profiling an athlete's personality
|
|
What is the gravitational hypothesis?
|
Specific personality traits determine an athlete's success however, elite athletes exhibit similar profiles
|
|
What is the change hypothesis?
|
Personality changes due to sport participation
|
|
Describe the situation approach in studying personality
|
Behavior is determined largely by the situation or environment (social learning theory), modeling-observation, social reinforcement (rewarded behaviors are repeated)
|
|
What is the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionare?
|
Asks "how have you been feeling the past week including today?" Choose between 5 negative feelings: tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion and one positive feeling: vigor
|
|
What is Morgan's Iceberg profile (1979)?
|
Successful athletes will display the one positive mood state/mental health. Will predict which athletes will be successful
|
|
What are some flaws in the situation approach?
|
Mood states of athletes fluctuate when compared to the general population; timing is important
|
|
Describe the interactional approach in studying personality
|
Claims the situation and personality traits both impact behavior. Breaks down personality into three different levels
|
|
What are the three personality levels in the interactional approach?
|
Psychological core, typical responses, and role-related behavior
|
|
Describe psychological core
|
True attitude and values, the "real you"
|
|
Describe typical responses
|
Usual reactions and behaviors in a situation, which could reflect a person's psychological core or not
|
|
Describe role-related behavior
|
Different situations require different roles, which are influenced by the environment
|
|
What is the difference between a state and trait measure?
|
Trait measure is how a person generally feels while state measure is how a person feels in the moment
|
|
Describe the general feeling of tests being used to help select athletes for a team
|
It should not be the only factor, tests don't accurately predict future champions, and there is no cause and effect relationship
|
|
Why do sport psychology consultants use tests/questionares?
|
Athlete is unsure or has a hard time verbalizing, it's a good starting point or baseline to measure progress, quick way to get info from a large team, and see the cohesiveness of a team
|
|
Name some of the disadvantage of using tests/questionares
|
Preconceived notion about athlete, invalid tests (where and who the test was made and made for), societal expectations, personal bias of person giving the test, "athletes hate paperwork"
|
|
Name the procedures followed for administering a test
|
Sport-specific measures, trained administrator, explain purpose and who will see results (social desirability), appropriate timing, provide feedback and intra-individual analysis
|
|
True or False: General personality scales predict behavior more reliably than do situation-specific measures.
|
False
|