Sociology Exam 3 Chapter 11

Front 1

What is gender stratification?

Back 1

unequal access to property, power and prestige on the basis of sex

Front 2

How do sex and gender differ?

Back 2

Sex refers to biological distinctions between males and females.
Gender is what a society considers proper behaviors and attitudes for its male and female members.

Front 3

What does the "nature vs. nurture" debate involve?

Back 3

whether or not differences in behaviors in males and females are caused by inherited (biological) or learned (cultural) characteristics

Front 4

In the "nature vs. nurture" argument what has been the traditional mindset of most sociologists?

Back 4

take nurture side

recent years some sociologists have begun to cautiously open the door towards biology

Front 5

Is patriarchy universal?

What are some common areas of gender discrimination?

Back 5

yes (male dominance)

work, education, politics, violence

Front 6

Explain how females became a minority.

Back 6

origin of discrimination is unknown but physical limitations imposed by childbirth is a common explanation

Front 7

Give an example of violence in gender inequality.

Back 7

female circumcision

Front 8

Explain the three waves of feminism.

Back 8

1st- early 1900s, met w/ hostility and violence
2nd- 1960s continuing today
3rd- emerging

Front 9

What is one key fundamental change in terms of women defying gender equality in education?

Back 9

getting degrees/ jobs in health and law

Front 10

How does gender equality show up in lifetime pay?

Back 10

lifetime pay gap between the genders runs over a million dollars in favor of men

Front 11

Other than pay what else is a common reality in the workplace that exemplifies the gender gap?

Back 11

sexual harassment

Front 12

What is conflict theorists view on violence-- men to women?

Back 12

men use violent to maintain their power and privilege