Sociology 101 Chapter1

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Sociology-

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The systematic study of relationship between individual and society and of the consequences of difference

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what is the Key to sociological imagination?

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view society as outsider rather than own perspective

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When you are applying the sociolgical imagination you..

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Distinguish between private troubles and Public issues

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Private troubles-

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Obstacals an individual is facing as an individual

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What are the four key components of sociology (the SISC)

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1. Systematic study
2. individual
3. society
4. Consequence of difference

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the tool "Social Imagination"
allows us

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to see the world and its people in a new way

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in the four key components of sociology (SISC), the systematic study-

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draws conclusions about society based on experience or observation

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two approaches to data collection are

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quantitative, qualitative

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quantitative approach to data collection is

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counting and adding things mathematically

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Qualitative approach to data collection is

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listening and observing people allowing them to interpret what is happening in their own lives

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"Agency" means

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Freedom to choose and act

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"Paths of least resistance"=

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accepted/expected actions and beliefs

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Society-

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our social environment consisting of persistent patterns of relationships and social networks

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Sociological imagination-

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an awareness of the relationship between the individual and the wider society

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the term "Public issues" is also refered to as

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social problems

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Institutions

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a term describing key components of a social structure

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“Consequences of difference” is how

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economic, social, cultural resources are distributed- and the consequences of those patterns in terms of opportunity and obstacles

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The main task of sociology is

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reveal and report degree of social inequality

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Social inequality-

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differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power

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Common knowledge

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Commonly held beliefs

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Difference between sociology and commonsense is

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that in sociology data has been tested analyzed and evaluated

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Sociological theory is the

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gathering and refining of data over time in order to have more informed and accurate accounts

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In sociology "theory" is

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set of statements seeking to explain problems actions or behavior

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The functionalist perspective views society

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as living organisms. It focuses on stability and consensus

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Anomie

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loss of direction when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective

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Functionalist perspective

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A sociological approach that A social approach that emphasizes the way in which parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability

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Following perspectives focuson
1.Conflict:
2.Interactionist:
3.Functionalist:

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1. Inequality and Power
2. Perception and Interaction
3. Social order

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Interactionist perspective

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A social approach that generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole

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The Theme common to all social perspectives is

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social theory and research should contribute to positive social change

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Conflict perspective

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A sociological approach that assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources, including housing, money, acces to services, and political representation.

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Social status–

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people defer to others out of respect for their social position

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Organizational resources-

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members of group gain power through their ability to organize and accomplish some goal

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Macro sociology-

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concentrates on large scale phenomena or entire civilizations.

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Micro sociology-

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study small groups analyzing everyday experience and interactions

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Clinical sociology

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the use of the dicipline of sociology with the specific intent of altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions

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Applied Sociology-

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- use of discipline of sociology with intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations. involves evaluating social issues

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The contrasting difference between Applied sociologists and clinical sociologists is that

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Applied sociologists leave others to act on their evaluations and by contrast clinical sociologists take responsibility for implementation and view those they work with as clients