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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why have health care costs risen?
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1. Private Insurance
2. Specialization 3. Advanced Technology 4. Lacking Preventative Care 5. Aging population 6. More Lawsuits |
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Who pays for health care in the US?
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1. Private Insurance
2. Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) 3. Gov’t Insurance (Medicaid, Medicare) 4. Medicare: 65+ or permanently disabled. 5. Medicaid (28% covered, benefits limited) |
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How many Americans lack health insurance?
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46 million, 15% of population
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Two BIGGEST problems in US health care are..
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Cost and Access
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What is a Direct-Fee System
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A (U.S.) medical care system in which patients or their insurers pay directly for the services of physicians and hospitals.
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What are the indicators used to measure health?
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Life expectancy, infant mortality rates, death rate.
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U.S. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
World Ranking? |
6.06 deaths / 1000 births
Rank: # 46 |
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U.S. Life Expectancy
World Ranking? |
78.37 years old
Rank: # 50 |
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U.S. Mortality Rate
World Ranking? |
8.38 / 1000
Rank: # 136 |
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U.S. Total Health Spending
World Ranking? |
15.3% of GDP
Rank: # 1 |
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What question did the Quadagno paper seek to answer?
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Why is the U.S. the only advanced country without national health care coverage?
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What answers did Quadagno propose?
Who were/are the primary objectors until 1970 and currently? |
• Weak labor unions
• Political structure: allows for large number of veto points, states can block reform. • Stakeholder Mobilization • Late 1940's - 1970's: Doctors and AMA were primary objectors • Currently: insurers primary objectors |
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Stakeholder Mobilization:
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Oppositional forces mobilized and used successful lobbying tactics to prevent the passage of national coverage policy.
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The support for national health care in 1945 was____% and ____% in 1949 after campaigns against.
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75% in 1945
21% in 1949 |
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Why did doctors and the AMA object to Nat'l coverage for so many years?
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They wanted to protect professional sovereignty.
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Why are the insurance companies the primary objectors to Nat'l health coverage today?
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They want to protect their product.
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4 countries who use a socialized health care program?
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Sweden
Britain Canada Japan |
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Explain: Sweden's Healthcare System
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• Sweden: Economy is mostly market based, but the government runs the health care system. Paid for by high taxes.
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Explain: Britain's Healthcare System
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• Britain: Dual system. Universal care provided and funded by taxes, but people who can afford it can use private system.
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Explain: Canada's Healthcare System
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• Canada: Gov’t does not control health care, but acts as insurance company. ‘Single-payer’ system.
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Explain: Japan's Healthcare System
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• Japan: ranks highest for world health. Mostly private based system, but gov’t programs and private health insurance pay most medical costs.
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Socialized Medicine
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Medical system where government owns and operates most medical facilities and employs most doctors
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What type of health care system is used in China and Russia?
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Socialized medicine, but also socialized economy
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How is health care in China and Russia organized?
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1. Hospitals are run by the government and doctors are state employees.
2. Doctors paid less |
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Sweden's solution to prostitution?
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arrest the buyer not the seller. 50-80% drop in prostitutes
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What is COYOTE?
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Method for arresting streetwalkers (as opposed to high-status call girls) and African-Americans (even though most prostitutes are white)
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Political views on pornography?
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Conservative: threatens morality
Liberal: freedom of expression Liberal Feminists: demeaning to women |
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Stonewall Riots
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Homosexual groups rioted in Greenwich Village in New York 1969
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Westboro Baptist Church
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Extremist church known for radical opposition to homosexuality
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# of states that allow gay marriage?
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6
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Defense of Marriage Act 1996?
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Gay marriage in one state is only valid in that state. Not federally recognized.
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Lawrence et. al. v. Texas 2003
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Sodomy law reformation (male sex)
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Don't ask, Don't tell
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1993, Clinton Administration
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Kellogg masturbation
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Eating Kellogg's corn flakes will heal masturbation tendencies
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3 Types of Feminism:
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Liberal Feminism
Socialist Feminism Radical Feminism |
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Liberal Feminism
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• Liberal Feminism: a reform approach that seeks change within existing social institutions. Goal is for women to enjoy the same rights, opportunities, and rewards as men.
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Socialist Feminism
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• Socialist Feminism: Gender inequalities are tied to class inequalities. Inequalities are rooted in the capitalist structure of society.
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Radical Feminism
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• Radical Feminism: gender should be eliminated completely.
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Sociological Theories of GENDER
Functionalist Interactionist Conflict |
Functionalist
• Men and women differ in useful, complimentary, ways. • persist from historical times. • Gender differences Interactionist • Gender shapes how you dress, act, talk etc. • Gender may or may not be a problem Conflict • Gender creates inequalities, men at the expense of women. • Gender is a problem. Women are disadvantaged |
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# of sexual assaults
# of physical assaults (per year) |
237,000 sexual assaults
1.7 million physical assaults |
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"Majority Minority"
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Majority in numbers, but disadvantaged
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# of female CEO's
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24 within the 1000 largest corporations
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% of women that worked in the year:
1. 1900 2. 2009 |
1900 = 20%
2009 = 60% |
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# of countries with more than 33% of parliamentary seats filled by women...
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18 (mostly Nordic countries)
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% of Associate's and Bachelor's degrees and % of Master's degrees that go to women
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59% Assoc./Bach
61% Masters |
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What year were women granted suffrage?
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1920
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