Soc 300 Chapter 6

Front 1

Any attitude, behavior, or condition that violates cultural norms or societal laws and results in disapproval, hostility, or sanction if it becomes known.

Back 1

Deviance

Front 2

Any act defined in law as punishable by fine, imprisonment, or both.

Back 2

Crime

Front 3

Societies made up of many diverse groups with different norms and values.

Back 3

Pluralistic societies

Front 4

Crimes considered so heinous they are punishable by death.

Back 4

Capital offense

Front 5

A theory that the skull shapes of deviant individuals differ from those nondeviants.

Back 5

Phrenology

Front 6

Throwbacks to primal early humans

Back 6

Atavism

Front 7

In Merton's reformation of Durkheims functionalist theory, a form of an anomie that occurs when a gap exists between societies culturally define goals and the main society makes available to achieve those goals.

Back 7

Structural strain

Front 8

The theory that when there is a discrepancy between the culture goals for success and the means available to achieve those goals, rates of deviance will be high.

Back 8

String theory

Front 9

The theory that people differ not only in their motivations to engage in deviant acts but also there are opportunities to do so.

Back 9

Opportunity theory

Front 10

The theory that the cause of deviance lies in the arena of social control and, specifically, the life experience and relationships that people form.

Back 10

Control theory

Front 11

Individuals connections to others.

Back 11

Social bonds

Front 12

Theories that propose that what is labeled deviant or criminal - and therefore who gets punished - is determined by the interest of the dominant class in a particular culture or society.

Back 12

Class dominant theories

Front 13

The theory that conflicts generated by fundamental contradictions in the structure of society produce laws defining certain acts as deviant or criminal.

Back 13

Structural contradiction theory

Front 14

The branding of behavior as highly disgraceful.

Back 14

Stigmatization

Front 15

A symbolic interactionist approach holding that deviance is a product of the labels people attach to certain types of behavior.

Back 15

Labeling theory

Front 16

A prospective that suggests that studies of deviance have been subject to gender bias and that both gender specific culture Nor and the particular ways in which women are victimized by virtue of their gender help to account for deviants amongst women.

Back 16

Feminist perspective on deviance

Front 17

A term developed by Edwin Lemert the first step in labeling of deviance, it occurs at the moment an activity is labeled deviant.

Back 17

Primary deviance

Front 18

A term developed by Edwin Lemert the second step in the labeling of deviance, it occurs when a person labeled deviant accepts the label as part of his or her identity and, as a result, begins to act in conformity with the label.

Back 18

Secondary deviance

Front 19

The theory that deviant and criminal behavior results from regular exposure to attitudes favorable to acting in ways that are deviant or criminal.

Back 19

Differential association theory

Front 20

Crimes that involve force or threat of force, including robbery, murder, assault, and rape.

Back 20

Violent crimes

Front 21

Crimes that involve the violation of individuals ownership rights, including burgulary, larceny, theft, arson, and motor vehicle theft.

Back 21

Property crimes

Front 22

crime committed by people of high social status in connection with

Back 22

White collar crimes

Front 23

Crime committed by criminal groups that provide illegal goods and services

Back 23

Organized crime

Front 24

Criminal or other harmful acts committed by state officials in the pursuit of their jobs as representatives of the government.

Back 24

Stats crimes

Front 25

The attempts by certain people or groups in society to control the behavior of other individuals and groups in order to increase the likelihood that they will conform to establish norms or laws.

Back 25

Social control

Front 26

The ability to exercise social control is called?

Back 26

Social power

Front 27

The unofficial mechanism through which deviance and deviant behaviors are discouraged in society most often occurs among ordinary people during the course of their interactions.

Back 27

Informal social control

Front 28

Official attempts to discourage certain behaviors and visibly punish others, most often exercised by the state

Back 28

Formal social control

Front 29

Legal requirements that person's found guilty of particular crimes must be sentence to set minimum number of years in prison.

Back 29

Mandatory minimum sentences

Front 30

Laws that require sentences of life in prison for those who are found guilty of committing three felonies, or serious crimes.

Back 30

3 strike laws

Front 31

Actions taken by the United States and federal governments that are intended to curb the illegal drug trade and reduce drug use.

Back 31

War on drugs

Front 32

Devious is what kind of to terms?

Back 32

Universal and neutral

Front 33

Devious means

Back 33

Deviated from the norms or rules of society in that time

Front 34

What does criminal behavior mean

Back 34

Violating significant more or ethical rules in society

Front 35

What does social properties of deviant and crime need

Back 35

Social Context ( who, what, when, we're, how, and actual time.)

Front 36

What are the two biggest subjects I labeling?

Back 36

Politics and Religion

Front 37

Devious and crime is transmitted through culture, Society, socialism, it is learned. If it is learned that means it can be done unlearned. Who stated this?

Back 37

Edwin Sutherland

Front 38

Name three risk factors to reduce devious and crime?

Back 38

Intensity of contact. Ratio of contact. Age the younger you are the more impressional.

Front 39

Robert Merton the application theory which is SAM & SAG what do the stand for?

Back 39

SAM - Social approved means. The way we go about accomplishing a goal.

SAG - Social approved goal.

Front 40

Accept, follow the rules, don't deviate. This means?

Back 40

Conformity

Front 41

An extraordinary test, not ordinary or conventional. This means?

Back 41

Innovation

Front 42

Something that is repetitive, and happens in the same sequence. This means?

Back 42

Ritualisim

Front 43

Fallback, withdraw, gives up this means?

Back 43

Retratism

Front 44

Sociological- cost is high, rejects & comes up with alternative. Most common form is a Revolution.

Back 44

Rebellion.

Front 45

What are the two biggest lables?

Back 45

Politics and Religion

Front 46

What is Index crimes

Back 46

Cataloging or keeping track of crimes by FBI

Front 47

What underestimates or is underreported, built in bias against race, gender, and doesn't include white collar crimes.

Back 47

FBI index

Front 48

What is the punishment for the sake of punishment, or harsh punishment. In the Role of Prison.

Back 48

Retribution

Front 49

In the Role of Prison, to scare off or create a fear tactic is a example of?

Back 49

Deterance

Front 50

In the Role of Prison, creating the inability to harm someone else is a form of?

Back 50

Incapacitation

Front 51

In the Role of Prison, creating an environment to rehab a criminal is anform of?

Back 51

Rehabilitation