Science Lesson 2 3Rd Qtr

Front 1

Evolution

Back 1

The change in the characteristics of a species over time.

Front 2

Evolution

Back 2

The study of the origin and differentiation of different kinds of organisms.

Front 3

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Back 3

A French naturalist who developed 3 assumptions abt evolution

Front 4

Theory of Need, Use and Disuse, Transmitting Acquired Traits

Back 4

3 theories developed by Lamarck

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Theory of Need

Back 5

Organisms change because they need to.

Front 6

Theory of Use and Disuse

Back 6

Explained that organsims developed specialized characteristics by the use and disuse of organs.

Front 7

The theory of transmitting acquired traits

Back 7

An animal developed these adaptations as acquired traits, and these traits are passed from parent to offspring.

Front 8

Charles Darwin

Back 8

Father of Evolution

Front 9

On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection

Back 9

Book by Charles Darwin

Front 10

Species Overproduction, Competition, Variation, Adaptation, Natural Selection, Speciation

Back 10

Six main points of Charles Darwin

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Species overproduction

Back 11

Most species produce far more offspring than needed to maintain the population

Front 12

Competition

Back 12

A struggle for existence and the survival of the fittest.

Front 13

Competition

Back 13

Individuals in every generation must compete within themselves and with others for the necessities of life.

Front 14

Variation

Back 14

Characteristics in individuals in any species are not exactly alike.

Front 15

Adaptation

Back 15

An inherited trait that increases an organisms' chance of survival and reproduction in a given environment.

Front 16

Natural Selection

Back 16

Nature selects for living organisms with better suited traits to survive and reproduce.

Front 17

Speciation

Back 17

Formation of new species.

Front 18

Structural, Functional, Behavioral

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3 types of Adaptation

Front 19

Structural Adaptation

Back 19

Physical features of the body that assist in some way with survival and reproduction.

Front 20

Functional Adaptation

Back 20

Things that organisms do that gives it some sort of benefits. innate behavior.

Front 21

Behavioral adaptation

Back 21

Things that organisms do without consciously telling their body to do so.

Front 22

Population

Back 22

A group of organisms of the same species living in a certain place.

Front 23

Community

Back 23

All populations living in a given area in a given time.

Front 24

Biodiversity

Back 24

A variety of species found in a place.

Front 25

Population Density

Back 25

The number of individuals in an area.

Front 26

Number of individuals / size of area

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Formula for population density

Front 27

Limiting Factor

Back 27

Environmental conditions that keep a population form over increasing in size and thus help in balancing the ecosystems.

Front 28

Carrying Capacity

Back 28

The maximum population size an environment can support.

Front 29

Sustainable Development

Back 29

The society should live under carrying capacity.

Front 30

Local Extinction

Back 30

Occurs when a certain population of an organism cease to exist in a geographical area but other populations continue to exist elsewhere.

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Background Extinction

Back 31

The gradual process of becoming extinct.

Front 32

1:5 species for each million species

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Average annual background extinction rate

Front 33

Cretaceous-Tertiary Period Mass Extinction

Back 33

Extinction of the dinosaurs where 50 percent of all species was wiped out.

Front 34

Triassic-Jurassic Period Mass Extinction

Back 34

Half of all the species including large amphibians became extinct

Front 35

Permian Period Mass Extinction

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Known as the great dying where 96% of species died out

Front 36

Devonian Period Mass Extinction

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3/4 of all earth's species died out, seabed became so devoid of oxygen, only bacteria can survive.

Front 37

Ordovician- Silurian Mass Extinction

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Third largest extinction in earth's history

Front 38

Chicxulub Crater

Back 38

Created by the asteroid impact 65m yrs ago

Front 39

Low reproductive rate, specialized niche, narrow distribution, feeds at high trophic level, fixed migratory patterns, rare, commercially valuable, large territories

Back 39

Natural factors that threaten biodiversity

Front 40

Habitat Destruction Degradation and Fragmentation, Invasive (Nonnative) Species, Population using too many resources, Pollution, Climate Change, Overexploitation

Back 40

Human factors that threaten biodiversity (HIPPCO)

Front 41

Biomagnification

Back 41

The increasing concentration of toxins in every level of the food chain.