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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electrical Circuit
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a path in which an electrical current flows through
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Charged
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having an electric charge
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Neutral
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having neither a positive nor negative charge
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Electrical Current
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the flow of charged electrons through a circuit
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Static Electricity
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a stationary electric charge that is typically produced by friction
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Unbalanced Charges
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a more correct term for "static electricity"
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Laws of Charges
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1. Opposites attract
2. Like charges repel 3. A neutral charge and a negative/positive charge will attract |
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Insulators
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a substance or device which does not readily conduct electricity or heat
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Conductors
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a material or device that conducts or transmits heat or electricity
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Semiconductors
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a solid substance that has a conductivity between that of an insulator and that of most metals; they are essential to most electrical circuits
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Superconductors
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a substance capable of becoming superconducting at sufficiently low temperatures
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Electrostatic Discharge
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the sudden discharge of static electricity from an area of buildup to a grounding point
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Grounding
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Of or pertaining to an electrical conductor which is connected to earth
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Battery
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a container consisting of one or more cells, in which chemical energy is converted into electricity and used as a source of power
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Switch
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a device for making and breaking the connection in an electric circuit
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Resistor
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a device having resistance to the passage of an electric current
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Loads
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the amount of electricity supplied by a generating system at any given time
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Voltage
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an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts
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Amperes
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a unit of electric current equal to a flow of one coulomb per second
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Galvanometer
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an instrument for detecting and measuring small electric currents
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Ammeter
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an instrument for measuring strong electric currents in amperes
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Potential Difference
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the difference of electrical potential between two points
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Resistance
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the degree to which a substance or device opposes the passage of an electric current
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Ohm
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the unit of electrical resistance
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Ohm's Law
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Voltage= Resistance x Current
Current= Voltage / Resistance Resistance= Voltage / Current |
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Series Circuit
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when components in a circuit are arranged one after the other in the same circuit
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Parallel Circuit
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a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit
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Electric Energy
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the ability of an electric current to produce work, heat, light, or other forms of energy
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Heat
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a form of energy arising from the random motion of the molecules of bodies
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Thermocouple
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a thermoelectric device for measuring temperature, consisting of two wires of different metals connected at two points, a voltage being developed between the two junctions in proportion to the temperature difference
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Thermo-electric Generator
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a device based on a thermocouple that converts heat directly into electricity without moving parts
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Thermopile
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several thermocouples connected in a series
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Piezoelectric Effect
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produces sound by converting electricity into motion
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Photovoltaic Cell (PV)
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relating to the production of electric current at the junction of two substances exposed to light
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Electrodes
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a conductor through which electricity enters or leaves an object, substance, or region
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Electrolyte
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a liquid or gel which contains ions and can be decomposed by electrolysis
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Fuel Cell
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a cell producing an electric current direct from a chemical reaction
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Electric Generator
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a mechanism that transforms mechanical power into electrical power
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Magnetism
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1a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge, which results in attractive and repulsive forces between objects
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Electromagnet
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a soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it
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Domains
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a discrete region of magnetism in ferromagnetic material
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Alternating Current (AC)
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an electric current that reverses its direction many times a second at regular intervals, typically used in power supplies
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Alternators
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a dynamo that generates an alternating current
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Direct Current (DC)
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an electric current flowing in one direction only
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Dynamo
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a machine for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, typically by means of rotating coils of copper wire in a magnetic field
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Power
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energy that is produced by mechanical, electrical, or other means and used to operate a device
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Watt
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the unit of power
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Hydro-electric Plants
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a plant in which the turbine generators are driven by falling water
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Non-renewable Resources
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natural resources that cannot be regenerated or grown at a sustainable rate to meet demand
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Fission Products
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the atoms remaining after nuclear fission takes place, usually highly radioactive
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Nuclear Fission
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a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy
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Thermonuclear
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relating to or using nuclear reactions that occur only at very high temperatures
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Flare Gas
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unwanted natural gas that is disposed of by burning as it is released from an oil field or at gas processing plants
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Rotor
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a rotary part of a machine
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Stator
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the stationary portion of an electric generator or motor
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Transformers
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an apparatus for reducing or increasing the voltage of an alternating current
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Circuit Breakers
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an automatic device for stopping the flow of current in an electric circuit as a safety measure
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Fuse
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a safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level
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Neutral Wire
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a conductor that carries current from an outlet back to ground, clad in white insulation
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Hot Wire
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the wire that carries electrical energy to a receptacle or other device—in contrast to a neutral, which carries electricity away again, normally the black wire
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Ground Wire
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an electrical conductor leading directly or indirectly to the earth; usually bare copper or covered in green insulation
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Short Circuit
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an electrical circuit in a device of lower resistance than that of a normal circuit, typically resulting from the unintended contact of components and consequent accidental diversion of the current
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Open Pit Mining
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refers to a method of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by their removal from an open pit or borrow
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Scrubbers
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a device in a smokestack that uses water to remove particles and some polluting gases
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Greenhouse Gases
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gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation
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Thermal Pollution
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harm to lakes and rivers resulting from the release of excessive waste heat into them
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Cogeneration
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the generation of electricity and useful heat jointly, especially the utilization of the steam left over from electricity generation for heating
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Geothermal Energy
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power generated by the harnessing of heat from the interior of the earth when it comes to or close to the earth’s surface
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