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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Energy
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The ability to cause change.
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Heat
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Thermal energy that flows from a warmer material to a cooler material.
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Kinetic Energy
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Energy in the form of motion, as in a moving car or truck; the greater the mass and velocity of a moving object, the more kinetic energy it has.
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Law of Conservation of Energy
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A law stating that energy can change form but cannot be created or destroyed under ordinary conditions. This law applies to systems in which energy cannot enter or exit the system.
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Mechanical Energy
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The total amount of kinetic energy and potential energy in a system.
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Potential Energy
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Stored Energy. The amount of potential energy of an object depends on its position or condition.
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Specific Heat
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The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a material 1 K; it is measured in joules per kilogram per kelvin.
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Temperature
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A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a sample of matter. As an object's particles move faster, its temperature rises, and as an object's particles move slower, its temperature falls.
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Thermal Energy
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Total energy of a material's particles, including both kinetic energy (vibrations and movement within and between particles) and potential energy (resulting from forces that act within or between particles).
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Thermal Pollution
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Pollution caused when waste heat raises the temperature of the environment. Thermal pollution in bodies of water can damage or destroy plants and animals that live there.
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Work
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The transfer of energy through motion. Work= force • distance. Work is measured in joules and is accomplished only when force produces motion in the direction of the force.
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Conduction
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The transfer of energy through matter in which energy moves from particle to particle; conduction takes place more easily in solids than liquids and gases.
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Fluid
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Any material that flows; liquids and gases are fluids.
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Convection
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The transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter in which particles move from place to place in a fluid, carrying the energy with them.
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Radiation
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The transfer of energy in the form of waves. Radiation is a type of energy transfer that does not require matter.
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Insulator
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A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily.
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