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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychology's roots?
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Aristole, philosophy
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Wilhem Wunt
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Did the first psychology experiment. Responsible for the birth of psychology.
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Psychology's biggest question?
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Nature vs. Nurture. Now become how much nature and nurture.
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Psychology's three levels of analysis?
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Biological, Social-cultureal, psychological.
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Freud?
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Id, Ego, Super Ego. Unconscious. Psychosexual stages; oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital. Fixations. Sit and talk technique. Free association. Hypnosis. Dream analysis.
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Two behaviorist psychologists?
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Skinner and Watson. They looked at observations strictly behaviors.
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Two humanistic psychologists?
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Maslow and Rodgers. Maslow hierarchy of needs, self actualization. They looked at environmental influences.
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Psychology subfields of research?
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Biological, developmental, cognitive, personality, and social.
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Psychology subfields applied?
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Clinical, counseling, educational, and industrial organizational.
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Hindsight bias?
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The I knew it all along phenomenon. Being able to look back at something done and see the full spectrum of the situation.
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What is a theory?
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An explanation that integrates principles and organizes and predicts behavior or events.
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What is a hypothesis?
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A testable prediction, often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject or revise the theory.
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What is the research process?
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theories, hypotheses, research and observation.
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What is a case study?
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An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hopes of revealing universal principals.
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What is a survey?
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A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group. Usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
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What is a random sample?
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A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has equal chance of inclusion.
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What is naturalistic observation?
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Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate or control the situation.
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What is correlation?
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A measure of extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other.
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What is an independent variable?
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The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
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What is a dependent variable?
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THe outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to the manipulation of the independent variable.
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What are measures of variation?
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Range and Standard of deviation.
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