Psychology Chapter 6

Front 1

Human memory consists of multiple systems that have the ability to store information for periods of time that range from________to____.

Back 1

Seconds; our lifetime

Front 2

Ruth has just finished her research paper and handed it in. As she walks out of the classroom, she realizes that there were a few more things you should have included in the paper. Route problem is in the memory process of

Back 2

Retrieval

Front 3

Which model of memory suggest that memory processes occur throughout a neural network simultaneously?

Back 3

Parallel distributed processing model

Front 4

Research has demonstrated you can enhance your memory for specific words if you think about its meaning, how it can be used, and by giving a personal example of its use. This is best accounted for by which model of memory?

Back 4

Level of processing model

Front 5

_________ memories are said to linger in the mind for a few seconds, a lonely people the chance to keep with the flow of conversations and remember what was just said.

Back 5

Echoic

Front 6

Information entered into short-term memory through a process known as______

Back 6

Selective attention

Front 7

Of the following, which is the most similar to the concept of long term memory?

Back 7

A computer hard drive

Front 8

Amber meets a cute guy named Carson at a party. She wants to make sure she remembers his name so she reminds herself that he has the same name as the capital of Nevada Carson City. This transferring of information from short term memory to long term memory is an example of what type of rehearsal?

Back 8

Elaborative

Front 9

Brenda has been able to tie her shoes when she was four but now finds it difficult to explain to her baby brother how to tie his shoes but you can easily demonstrate it for him. Brand of memory for shooting is best characterized as a _______memory

Back 9

Nondeclarative( implicit)

Front 10

When you take your final exam in psychology class, what type of memory will you most certainly need to access to answer each question?

Back 10

Working

Front 11

What concept suggests that the best place to study for your psychology final to ensure good retrieval of concepts is your psychology classroom?

Back 11

Encoding specificity

Front 12

Jacqueline had ran a grocery list but accidentally left it at home. Trying to remember the list, Jacqueline remembers what was at the beginning of the list and what was at the end but not those things in the middle. This is an example of

Back 12

Serial position effect.

Front 13

Multiple choice test questions typically rely on_______ while essay questions rely on_______

Back 13

recognition; recall

Front 14

Studies by Elizabeth love test find that memory

Back 14

Is highly fluid and can be altered by the person even when the person is unaware he or she is doing it

Front 15

Felicia can recall with great detail the day of her wedding and all of that occurred. What might psychologist say about these particular flash bubble memories?

Back 15

The memories were likely enhance in part by the hormones released during emotional moments.

Front 16

Studies show that as time passes, memories

Back 16

Tend to become more and more inaccurate

Front 17

In Loftus's 1978 study, subjects view a slide presentation of an accident. Later, some of the subjects were asked a question about a yield sign when the actual slides contain pictures of a stop sign. When presented with this inaccurate information, how did the subject typically respond?

Back 17

Many subjects overall accuracy dropped when confronted with conflicting information.

Front 18

Aaron has no memory of how he got home from a party. He then convinced himself that he must have been abducted by aliens while walking home. Subsequently, he is hypnotized in an attempt to help increase his memories of that evening. Based on the research of memory recall through hypnosis, what might we learn?

Back 18

Aron made annoyingly create false memories of what happened that night to justify his beliefs.

Front 19

A key component for any person to believe that a false event is in fact true is to make sure that the false information is

Back 19

As plausible as possible

Front 20

Raven has just finished writing a list of nonsense words given to her by her psychology instructor as part of a class activity. She has 100% recall at the end of class. According to Ebbinghaus's curve of forgetting, how quickly will Raven likely forget about 40% of the information she has just learned?

Back 20

Within the first 20 minutes after leaving the class

Front 21

Colin is asked to repeat what his mother just told him. He said he forgot but in reality Colin wasn't paying attention to his mother at all. This is an example of the_______ explanation of forgetting

Back 21

Encoding failure

Front 22

Chantal spent a year living abroad in Spain. During that time, her ability to read and speak Spanish grew tremendously. However, now, two years later, Chantal feels she can no longer travel there because she can barely remember a thing. Her problem is most likely due to

Back 22

Decay theory

Front 23

Henry Gustav Molaison (H.M) suffered from profound anterograde amnesia after his_______ were surgically removed in an attempt to control his seizures

Back 23

Hippocampi

Front 24

Which neurotransmitter is no longer readily produced in Alzheimer patients?

Back 24

Acetylcholine

Front 25

The steps to memory can best be described as follows

Back 25

Putting it in, keeping it in, getting it out

Front 26

According to Sperling, what is the capacity of iconic memory?

Back 26

Everything that can be seen at one time.

Front 27

Which type of memory best explains the What? Phenomenon?

Back 27

Echoic sensory memory

Front 28

For information to travel from sensory memory to short term memory, it must first be _____ and then encoded primarily into____ form.

Back 28

Selective attended to; auditory

Front 29

You are introduced to someone at a party. While talking with the person, you realize that you have already forgotten the person's name. What amount of time does it typically take before such information is lost from short term memory?

Back 29

Typically between 12 and 30 seconds

Front 30

Early studies of the capacity of short-term memory suggested that most people could remember approximately_____ bits of information

Back 30

Seven

Front 31

Mary has just met an attractive man name Austin at a party. She wants to make sure she remembers his name. What should she do?

Back 31

Mary should make it more meaningful. For example, she might remind herself that often had the same name as the capital of Texas

Front 32

_____ memory includes what people can do or demonstrate, whereas____ memory is about what people know and can Report

Back 32

Nondeclarative; declarative

Front 33

The semantic network model of memory suggest that the _____nodes you must pass through to access information, the longer it will take for you to recall information.

Back 33

More

Front 34

Phineas walks out of his office and into the conference room. However, after he leaves his office, he forgets what he was coming into the conference room for. According to the encoding specificity hypothesis, what should Phineas do to regain his lost memory?

Back 34

Phineas should return to his office to help him remember what he had forgotten.

Front 35

Which of the following is an example of a test using recognition?

Back 35

True- false

Front 36

When creating a presentation, many public speaking instructors will tell you to develop a strong opening or attention getter to your presentation as well as a good summary and finish. What aspect of memory best explains these suggestions?

Back 36

Serial position effect

Front 37

your mother tells you to dress for success at your interview because it's all about first impression. In other words, she is telling you that people often remember what they see first. This belief is in line with what element of memory?

Back 37

The primacy effect

Front 38

Research by Elizabeth Loftus shows that eyewitness recognition is very prone to what psychologists call

Back 38

A false positive

Front 39

The tendency of certain elements to enter long-term memory with little or no effort to encode and organize them is what defines

Back 39

Automatic encoding

Front 40

The ability to remember where you were and what you were doing when the United States was attacked on September 11th 2001, is an example of

Back 40

Flashbulb memory

Front 41

In a Hermann Ebbinghaus's classic study on memory and the forgetting curve, how long after learning the lists does most forgetting happen?

Back 41

One hour

Front 42

You are surprised by the fact that you cannot remember if Abraham Lincoln's head facing the left or the right on a penny this is all the more surprising given the fact that you work with money at your job on nearly a daily basis. What would best explain such an inability to recall this information?

Back 42

Encoding failure

Front 43

Henry Gustav Molaison known as H.M., was unable to form new declarative memories. He suffered from what psychologists call

Back 43

Anterograde amnesia

Front 44

Your English instructor has given you an assignment to write down your most favorite memory from when you were 12 months old. What might you tell him?

Back 44

Students will probably not be able to recall events from such an early age