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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mania |
Quickly changing from depressed to joyful states. (Bi-polar) |
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Psychopathology |
Sickness, or disorder of the mind. |
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Etiology |
Factors that contribute to the development of a disorder. |
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Maladaptiveness |
"Interferes with functioning"
A person with psychopathology exhibits thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are maladaptive rather than deviant. |
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Categorical Approach |
Either you have the disorder or you don't. So you have to fit a specific disorder. Like a Light switch |
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Dimensional Approach |
Consider a psychological disorder along a continuum in which people vary in degree rather than in kind. |
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Comorbidity |
The simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a patient. |
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Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) |
A Method that defines basic aspects of functioning and considers them across multiple levels of analysis, from genes to brain systems to behavior. |
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Assessment |
Examination of a person's cognitive, behavioral, or emotional functioning to diagnose possible psychological disorders. |
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Diathesis Stress Model |
Psychological disorders can be seen as resulting from the interactions of diathesis and stress |
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Family System Model |
A diagnostic model that considers problems within an individual as indicating problems within the family. |
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Socioculture Model |
A Diagnostic model that views psychopathology as the result of the interaction between individuals and their cultures. |
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Cognitive Behavioral Approch |
A diagnostic model that views psychopathology as the result of learned, maladaptive thoughts and beliefs. |
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Internalizing Disorders |
Characterized by negative emotions grouped by fear and distress. More common in Female |
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Externalizing Disorders |
Characterized by disinhibition. More common in Males ex. Alcoholism |
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Cultural Syndromes |
Disorders that include a cluster of symptoms that are found in specific cultural groups or regions. |
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Anxiety Disorder |
A psychological disorder characterized by excessive fear and anxiety in the absence of true danger. |
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Specific Phobias |
Involve particular objects and situations. Effects 1 in 8 people. ex. Claustrophobia, Triskaidekaphobia |
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Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) |
The fear of being negatively evaluated by others. Effects 1 in 8 people. ex. Public speaking, meeting new people, eating in front of others. |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
Constantly anxious and worry incessantly about even minor matters, even worry about being worried. A diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event. |
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Panic Disorder |
An anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror. More likely in women. |
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Agoraphobia |
An anxiety disorder marked by fear of being in situations in which escape may be difficult or impossible. Usually develops with panic attacks |
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) |
A Disorder characterized by frequent intrusive thoughts and compulsive actions. More common in women |
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Obsessions |
Recurrent, Intrusive, and unwanted thoughts or ideas or mental images. ex. Fear of contamination, accidents, or ones own aggression. |
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Compulsions |
Behavior or mental act that is aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or preventing something dreadful from happening. |
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OCD Cyle |
1. Anxiety 2. Compulsion 3. Relief 4. Obsession |
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
A disorder that involves frequent nightmares, intrusive thoughts and flashbacks related to an earlier trauma. |
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Major Depressive Disorder |
A disorder characterized by severe negative moods or a lack of interest in normally pleasurable activities. |
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A Major Depressive Episode |
A person experiences depressed mood or a loss of interest in pleasurable activities everyday for at least two weeks. |
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Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) |
A form of depression that is not sever enough to be diagnosed as major depressive disorder. "down in the dumps" |
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Learned Helplesness |
A cognitive model of depression in which people feel unable to control events in their lives. |
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Bipolar I disorder |
Extremely elevated moods during manic episodes and frequently depressive episodes as well. Can cause hospitalization |
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Bipolar II disorder |
Less extreme mood elevations called hypomania, characterized by heightened creativity and productivity, they can be extremely pleasurable and rewarding. Alternating period of extremely depressed episodes and mildly elevated moods. |
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Dissociated Disorders |
Disorders that involve disruptions of identity, of memory, or of conscious awareness. |
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Dissociative Amnesia |
A person forgets that an event happened or loses awareness of a substantial block of time. ex. may lose memory of identity or place of residence. |
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Dissociative Fugue |
Rarest form of Dissociative Amnesia. Involves loss of identity and traveling to another location. Fugue = french for "flight" |
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Dissociative Identity Dissorder |
Multiple personality Disorder (DID) ex. Split |
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Schizophrenia |
"splitting of the mind" Characterized by a split between thought and emotion: It involves alterations in thoughts, perceptions, or consciousness. ex. Delusions, Hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, diminished emotional response |
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Delusions (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
False beliefs based on incorrect inferences about reality. |
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Hallucinations (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
False sensory perceptions that are experienced without an external source. |
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Disorganized Speech (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
Speaking in an incoherent fashion that involves frequently changing topics (loosening of associations) and saying strange or inappropriate things. |
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Word Salad (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
Speech that is so disorganized that it is totally incomprehensible. |
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Clang Association (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
The stringing together of words that rhyme but have no other apparent link. |
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Disorganized Behavior (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
Acting in a strange or unusual ways, including strange movements of limbs, bizarre speech, and inappropriate self care (not bathing or failing to dress properly. |
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Negative Symptoms (Schizophrenia Symptom) |
Marked by deficits in functioning, such as apathy, lack of emotion, and slowed speech and movement. |
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Personality Disorders in Clusters |
Cluster A: Odd or eccentric behavior (paranoid) Cluster B: Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic behavior Cluster C: Anxious or fearful behavior |
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Borderline Personality Disorder |
Disturbances in identity, in affect, and in impulse control. An intense fear of abandonment, causing them to be manipulative and impulsive. More common in women |
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Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) (Psychopath) |
People engage in socially undesirable behavior, are hedonistic and impulsive, and lack empathy. |
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Autism |
Characterized by deficits in social interaction, by impaired communication, and by restricted interests. |
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) |
Restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsivity |
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DSM |
diagnostic statistical manual |
