Psyc 190 Final Exam

Front 1

Coronary Artery Disease

Back 1

The most common pathological condition, it is caused by fatty deposits lining the arterial walls leading to the narrowing of medium and large arteries.

Front 2

Atherosclerosis

Back 2

A common form of arteriosclerosis in which fatty substances form a deposit of plaque on the inner lining of arterial walls.

Front 3

Arteriosclerosis

Back 3

Degenerative changes in the arteries, characterized by thickening of the vessel walls and accumulation of calcium with consequent loss of elasticity and lessened blood flow.

Front 4

Myocardial infarction

Back 4

Heart attack; occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked for long enough that part of the heart dies/ damages

Front 5

Angina

Back 5

Chest discomfort due to poor blood flow through the blood vessels in the heart

Front 6

Stroke

Back 6

Rupture of a blood vessel in the brain resulting in loss of consciousness, often followed by paralysis, or embolism or thrombosis affecting a cerebral vessel

Front 7

Hypertension

Back 7

Elevation of the blood pressure, especially the diastolic pressure

Front 8

Electrocardiogram

Back 8

EKG/ ECG is a simple test that, painless test that records the heart's electrical activity

Front 9

Echocardiogram

Back 9

A test that uses sound waves to create a moving picture of the heart

Front 10

Stress test

Back 10

A test used in cardiology and medicine to measure the heart's ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environement

Front 11

Chronic pain

Back 11

Dull, burning pain that is long lasting

Front 12

Acute pain

Back 12

A sharp, stinging pain that is short lived and usually related to tissue damage

Front 13

Insulin

Back 13

Used in the treatment of diabetes to restore the normal ability of the body to to utilize sugars and other carbohydrates

Front 14

Glucose

Back 14

A carbohydrate and the most important simple sugar in human metabolism

Front 15

Sleep apnea

Back 15

A temporary suspension of breathing occurring in some adults during sleep

Front 16

Narcolepsy

Back 16

Frequent and uncontrollable periods of deep sleep

Front 17

Gate Control Theory

Back 17

Proposed by Melzack and Wall (1965) that there is a "neural" gate in the spinal cord that regulates the experience of pain

Front 18

Type 1 Diabetes

Back 18

The pancreas stops making insulin, a hormone that enables people to get energy from food

Front 19

Type 2 Diabetes

Back 19

Blood glucose levels are too high

Front 20

Gestational diabetes

Back 20

High blood sugar that starts or is first diagnosed during pregnancy

Front 21

Hyperglycemia

Back 21

An abnormally high level of glucose in the blood

Front 22

Hypoglycemia

Back 22

When blood sugar is too low

Front 23

Afferent neurons

Back 23

A neuron conducting impulses inwards to the brain or spinal cord

Front 24

Efferent neurons

Back 24

A neuron conducting impulses outwards from the brain or spinal cord

Front 25

ART/ HAART

Back 25

Highly active antiretroviral therapy is the combination of several antiretroviral medicines used to slow the rate at which HIV makes copies of itself

Front 26

Kaposi Sarcoma

Back 26

Cancerous tumor of the connective tissues associated with AIDS

Front 27

REM

Back 27

A stage in the normal sleep cycle during which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity

Front 28

CPAP

Back 28

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a machine that helps a person who has obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) breathe more easily during sleep.

Front 29

HIV vs AIDS

Back 29

HIV is the virus that attacks the T cells in the immune system

AIDS is the disease caused by HIV

Front 30

Adherence and HIV

Back 30

The primary cause of drug resistance is the lack of regimen of patients on HAART

Front 31

Cancer's main treatment elements (4)

Back 31

-Chemeotherapy
-Radiation therapy
-Targeted cancer therapies
-Transplantion

Front 32

Treatments for sleep apnea (4)

Back 32

-Lifestyle changes
-Mouthpieces
-Breathing devices
-Surgery

Front 33

Phases of sleep (5)

Back 33

Phase 1: Light sleep
Phase 2: Eye movement stops and brain waves slow
Phase 3: First stage of deep sleep
Phase 4: Second stage of deep sleep
Phase 5: REM

Front 34

Stimulus control strategies for sleep

Back 34

Stimulus control therapy is employed to break negative associations of the bed as a place of frustration.

-Avoid looking at the clock
-Never lie in bed for 20-30 min w/o sleeping

Front 35

Major sleep hygiene techniques (5)

Back 35

-Using bedroom for sleep or sex
-Exercise regularly
-Regular bedtime and waking time
-Relaxation techniques and bedroom routine
-Avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and TV close to bedtime

Front 36

Risk factors for Coronary Artery Diease (10)

Back 36

-Age -High blood cholesterol
-Sex -Diabetes
-Smoking -Obesity
-Family -Physical Inactivity
-High Blood Pressure -High stress

Front 37

Role of the cardiovascular system

Back 37

Blood, heart, and blood vessels

Acts as the transport system of the body for blood and nutrients

Front 38

Major diabetes complications (5)

Back 38

-Retinopathy (retina damage)
-Nephropathy (kidney damage)
-Neuropathy (nerve damage)
-Cardiovascuar disease
-Blindness

Front 39

Main diabetes self management requirements (5)

Back 39

-No smoking/ alcohol use
-Effecive coping and family involvement
-Self regulation, control, discipline
-Diet and exercise
-Lifelong management

Front 40

Relationship between psychological disorders, anxiety, depression, and pain

Back 40

Factors such as stress, depression, anxiety, and cognitive functions impact opening and closing of the Neural Gate