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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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D.I.R.T.-D. |
Duration - Length of time movement Exits Direction - Where the movement is directed relative to the slope, the turn or the ski |
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Sagittal Plane |
The plane that divides the skier into left and right parts and goes through the balance axis. |
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Transverse (Horizontal) Plane |
The plane that divides the skier's body into upper and lower parts and is perpendicular to the balance axis.
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Frontal Plane
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The plane that divides the body into front and back and goes through the balance axis.
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Balance Axis
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The axis that is a line through the skier's center of gravity that is aligned to the gravity and centrifugal forces acting on the skier. |
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Duration
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Length of time movement exits |
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Intensity
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How much ... magnitude |
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Rate
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Degree of speed, Pace |
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Timing
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sequential relation to another event |
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Direction |
Direction of the movement can be observed relative to the slope, the turn, or the ski orientation Outside the turn Uphill Downhill Along the skis Toward the Apex of the Turn Tip of the ski Tail of the ski Center point of the ski Off the snow Into the snow |
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Ski Performance Description
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1. Which Ski? ( Inside/Outside/Uphill/Downhill/Right/Left/Both...) 2. Which Part? ( Center/Tip/Tail....) |
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Body Performance Description
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1. Which joint? ( left/right/both.... ankle/knee/hip/spine...) 2. Which action? ( flexes/extends/turns/rotates/tips...) |
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Ski Performance - Which Ski
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Inside |
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Ski Performance - Part of Ski
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Center
Tip Tail Middle Under Foot Toe Piece Heal Piece Edges Inside Edge Outside Edge Base Top sheet Front Back |
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Ski Performance - Action (Skill)
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Twist/Pivot/Turn
Tip/Edge , Un-tip/Un-edge flatten bend slide skid |
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Ski Performance - Action Descriptors (direction)
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off the snow
closer to further from toward about away from up down in out Together Apart |
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Body Performance - Which Joint
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left
right uphill downhill inside outside upper lower Toes Foot ankle knee hip pelvis spine shoulder elbow wrist neck |
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Body Performance - Which Action
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open
close flex extend bend/Unbend straighten twist turn rotate tip push pull |
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Body Performance - Resulting body parts
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Upper Leg
Femur Lower leg Tibia Pelvis Lower Spine Upper Spine Torso CM Chest Shoulders Head Upper Arm Lower Arm Hands Little toe Big toe |
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Body Performance - Action Descriptors (direction)
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up |
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Phases of the Turn
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Three Phase Analysis
Initiation Shaping Finish Two Phase Analysis Transition Shaping |
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Skills - Highlighted
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In this section candidates will demonstrate their ability to highlight Pressure Control, Rotary, or Edging skills within the context of a specific task. The tasks themselves are designed to highlight the desired skill. Each task should be used to assist the candidate in developing mastery of each of the components of the Skills Concept. Specific qualities of each skill are outlined below.
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Sideslip in Fall line (Level 1)
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Skis slip at a consistent rate -Skis maintain parallel relationship -Uphill ski is ahead of downhill ski Body Performance -Legs rotated under a stable pelvis and upper-body -CoM is balanced towards the downhill foot Tatics -Skis slip in fall line -Groomed blue terrain |
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Linked Hockey Slips (Level 2)
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance Skis are turned 90 degrees into fall line, then turning stops -Skis straight run in line fall line then are turned 90 degrees out of fall line to complete 180 degree rotation -Both skis are turned at the same rate -Skis tip/release at same time and rate Body Performance -Turning comes from legs under stable upper body and pelvis, promoting upper-lower body separation -Tipping movements come from feet and legs Tactics -Corridor is less than one cat track -Groomed blue terrain |
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Linked Pivot Slips (Level 3)
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Skis are turned simultaneously at a consistent rate -Pivot points are under center of each ski -Skis are tipped at same time and rate -Skis pivot for roughly same duration as they slip Body Performance -Turning comes from legs under stable upper body and pelvis, promoting upper-lower body separation -Tipping movements come from feet and legs -May be asked to demonstrate using extension, retration (flextion), or a combination Tactics -Corridor is less than one cat track -Groomed or bumped terrain. Varying pitches may be used |
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Linked Backside Pivot Slips (Level 3)
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Skis are turned at a consistent rate, at the same time, pivot point is under the center of foot -Tails are turned downhill at initiation -Skis are tipped at same time and rate -Skis are bent from center -Slip is perpendicular to fall line Body Performance -Turning comes from legs and upper body -Skier's rotation is "backside" -Tipping movements come from feet and legs Tactics -Corridor is less than cat track |
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Guided Uphill Arc
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Rotational/Edge Control |
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Hockey Stop
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance Skis run flat in fall line -Skis tip at the same time and rate -Skis bend from center throughout -Skis turn at same time and same rate until perpendicular to fall line Body Performance Turning comes from legs under stable upper body and pelvis, promoting upper-lower body separation -Tipping movements come from feet and legs -Flexion extension movements are progressive and keep center of mass over base of support Tatics -Groomed blue terrain |
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Speiss Turns
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Rotational/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Skis leave the ground at the same time -Skis are rotated approximately 180 degrees in the air -Skis maintain a roughly parallel relationship through take off, r-oPtiavotiot npoaintdislaunnddinegr the foot Body Performance -D.I.R.T changes relative to speed and slope of hill so that m-Eaxtcehnisnigonismnoavtuermalents are timed with release -Flexion movements at finish phase facilitate balance towards the outside foot -Legs turn against pelvis and upper body -Blocking pole plant may assist leg rotation Tatics -fore/aft travel of the skis is minimal |
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Pivot Slip Leapers
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Rotational/Pressure Control
-Skis slip at a constant rate through takeoff, at initiation, and a-Bftoetrhlasnkdisinlegave the ground at the same time -Skis rotate 90 degrees in the air -Skis land in the Fall line -Skis arerotated 90 degrees on the ground in the same direction to complete 180 degree pivot Body Performance -Legs realign to the pelvis through takeoff, legs continue to turn against pelvis after landing -Extension movements come from legs; intensity and rate facilitate take off -Flexion movements facilitate a controlled landing -Upper body remains stable during takeoff and landing Tatics -Corridor is less than one cat track |
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Carved Up Hill Arc
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Edge/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Skis track two lines in snow in an arc -Skis tip for the same duration, rate, and time -Skis tip progressively -Skis bend from center Body Performance -Tipping movements come from feet and legs -Tipping movements are continuous through arc -Joints flexed roughly proportionately to maintain center Tactics -Blue terrain -May be groomed or variable |
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Rail Road Tracks
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Edge/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Tails follows tips to create carved ski performance -Tracks are linked in both direction -Skis stay the same distance apart -Skis flatten and tip at the same rate, time, and for same duration Body Performance -Tipping movements come from legs under stable upper body -Tipping movements are progressive -Flexion and extension movements are progressive and keep center of mass over base of support Tactics -Corridor is fall line oriented, maximum of one cat track -No pole touch is present -Green terrain |
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One Foot Rail Road Tracks
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Edge/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Tail follows tip to create carved ski performance -Track is linked in both directions -Lifted ski remains relatively level to snow -Ski Tips Progressively Body Performance -Tipping movements come from leg under stable upper body -Tipping movements are progressive -Lifted leg remains fairly quiet and under the pelvis -Flexion and extension movements are progressive and keep center of mass over base of support Tactics -Corridor is fall line oriented, maximum of one cat track -Green terrain |
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Switch Rail Road Tracks
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Edge/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Tips follow tails to create carved ski performance -Track is linked in both directions -Skis stay the same distance apart -Skis flatten and tip at the same rate, time, and for same duration Body Performance -Tipping movements come from leg under stable upper body -Over shoulder viewing can be over either shoulder at any time (one shoulder viewing is okay) Tactics -Corridor is fall line oriented, maximum of one cat track -Green terrain |
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Step Turn into the Fall Line
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Pressure/Rotational Control |
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Outside Ski Turn |
Pressure control
Ski Performance -Outside ski is pressured through all turn phases -Outside ski leaves brushed track in snow -New inside ski is lifted prior to edge change -Inside ski if off snow throughout all turn phases -Inside ski is roughly parallel to snow surface Ski Performance -Flexion/extension of the outside leg maintatins pressure on the outside foot -Flexion of inside leg lifts foot off the snow -Flexion and extension movements are progressive and kReoetapticoennatlearnodf medagsescoovnetrroblase of movements originate in the legs under a stable pelvis and upper Tactics -Gentle green or flat blue terrain |
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Crab Walk
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Edge/Pressure Control
Ski Performance -Inside ski is flat -Outside ski is tipped to the inside edge -Outside tail follows tip to create carved ski performance -Outside ski progressively flattens as is travels closer to the inside ski Body Performance -Both knees, hips and ankles at initiation are flexed -Outside foot is placed away from the body and outside leg is tipped inward -Outside leg is most extended when ski is on highest edge angle -Outside leg is flexed as edge is decreased Tactics -Corridor is approximately one groomer width -Green terrain |
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White Pass Turns
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Pressure/Edge Control
Ski Performance -Inside ski is lifted in the finish phase and remains lifted through i-nSiktiai thioant aissoitffbtehceosmnoews tihse relatively level to the snow without the tip or tail touching to assist in the turn -New outside ski is placed on the ground and pressured in the shaping phase (in fall line) Transition (finish/initiation) is on one ski Body Performance -Ski(s) turn at a consistent rate through all three phases -CoM remains balanced over the outside ski through finish phase and remains balanced on the -Outside leg is extended through shaping to facilitate balance towards Tactics -Performance may be skidded or carved depending on terrain and sp |
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Skills - Basic Blended
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In this section candidates will demonstrate their ability to demonstrate skill-to-skill relationships that create blended ski performances at slower speeds. Each 'blend' is designed to highlight the interrelationship of the three skills. When practicing or demonstrating candidates should focus on how the skills compliment each other to produce the desired result.
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Wedge Turn (Level 1)
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Ski tips are turned towards each other and skis are displaced slightly to create wedge relationship -Skis bend from center -Both edges release at initiation -Tips move downhill at initiation -Skis turn at the same rate throughout the turn Body Performance -Joints flex roughly proportionately to maintain center of mass over base of support -Rotary movements come from legs under stable pelvis -Tipping comes from ankles and legs plus slight displacement of skis Tatics -Green terrain -Turn shape controls speed -Green terrain |
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Basic Parallel (Level 2)
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis leave brushed tracks -Skis remain same distance apart -Skis tip at same time and rate -Skis turn at same time and rate Body Performance -Legs turn consistently under a stable upper body -Tipping movements come from legs and are at the same rate - both legs rotate at same rate -Subtle fore/aft adjustments keeps center of mass centered over base of support Tatics -Pole plant is functional -Turn shape controls speed -Green or blue terrain |
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Short Radius Basic Parallel in Bumps
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis remain in contact with snow -Skis tip same amount through turn -Skis turn same amount through turn -Turn shape controls speed Body Performance -Flex and extension movements keep center of mass centered over base of support fore/aft and laterally -Flexion and extension movements promote ski/snow contact -Tiping movements promote skidded platform -Legs turn consistently under a stable upper body and promote appropriate upper/lower body separation Tactic -Pole plant is complementary -Line choice promotes reasonably short turns and slow speed -Round bumped terrain, pitch may vary |
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Retraction Basic Parallel Turn
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis leave brushed tracks -Skis remain same distance apart -Skis tip at same time and rate -Skis turn at same time and rate Body Performance -Legs turn consistently under a stable upper body -Tipping movements come from legs and are at the same rate -Both legs rotate at same rate -Subtle fore/aft adjustments keeps center of mass centered - Knees and hips are most flexed at edge change Tatics -Pole plant is functional -Turn shape controls speed -Green or blue terrain |
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Wedge Christy (Level 1)
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis bend from center -Both edges released at initiation -Tips move downhill at initiation -Wedge is formed above the fall- line -Skis are match Body Performance -Joints flex roughly proportionately to maintain center of mass overt center of ski - Rotary movements come from legs under stable pelvis -Tipping comes from ankles and legs plus slight displacement of skis Tactics -Turn shape controls speed |
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Wedge Christy (Level 2)
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis bend from center -Both edges released at initiation -Tips move downhill at initiation -Outside ski turns faster to fall- line to create wedge -Inside ski turns faster from fall- line to create parallel relationship Body Performance -Subtle fore/aft and vertical adjustments keeps center of mass centered over base of support -Passive partial weight transfer due to forces in turn through the shaping phase -Tipping and turning come from legs and are blended to guide skis onto edge Tactics -Turn shape controls speed |
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Half Pipe
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -High edge angles and decambering of skis is seen in the flat bottom of the pipe -Progressive flattening of the skis as movement continues up the wall of the pipe -Center point of ski (base of support) should reach vert on the wall of the pipe -Note: short radius skis may result in a prep turn before the Body Performance -Body is aligned with path of skis - square, not countered -Body maintains perpendicularity to vertical wall and lip of the pipe -Rotary comes from upper body/core and timed at top of trajectory -Edging movements come from legs -ATML sequences are consistent from wall to wall Tactics -Skier makes changes in line choice to maintain sufficient speed to accomplish task |
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Basic Short Turn
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Skis leave brushed tracks -Skis remain same distance apart -Skis tip at same time and rate -Skis turn at same time and rate -Pole swing is functional Body Performance -Legs turn consistently under a stable upper body -Tipping movements come from legs and are at the same rate - Both legs rotate at same rate -Subtle fore/aft adjustments keeps center of mass centered Tactic -Corridor is approximately one groomer width |
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Switch Basic Parallel
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Blended Skills
Ski Performance -Consistently skidded corresponding skis -Subtle/slight wedge entry is acceptable as long as both skis are released -Skis have a consistent parallel relationship after initiation -Skis tip progressively -Minimal tip/ski lead Body Performance -Center of mass over base of support -Turning movements initiated with legs, some upper body rotation -Tipping movements originates in legs -Tipping and turning blended to guide skis onto edge -Passive, partial weight transfer due to forces in turn Tactic -Over shoulder viewing follows edge change |
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Skills - Applied
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In this section candidates will demonstrate their ability to adapt skill-to-skill relationships and create blended ski performances for a tactical situation involving increased speed and terrain challenges. Each task is designed to challenge interrelationship of the three skills from a tactical or terrain perspective. When practicing or demonstrating these tasks candidates should focus on adjusting intent, line, and DIRT to maintain a complementary relationship between the skills.
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Free Run Smooth Terrain (Level 1)
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Skis turn from center -Skis tip at same rate and time in most turns -Skis turn at same rate and time in most turns Body Performance -Joints flexed roughly proportionately to maintain center of mass over base of support -Functional stance width allows leg rotation -Leg rotation is the primary rotary mechanism -Tipping movements originate in legs in most turns Tactics -Pole plant is functional -Turn shape controls speed -Groomed blue Terrain |
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Dynamic Medium Radius
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Turn shape is consistent and controls speed -Skis change edges simultaneously at start of turn -Tipping is increased in shaping phase -Skis begin to flatten in finish phase -Skis remain same width apart -Any rotation of skis present is progressive Body Performance -Subtle fore/aft adjustments keeps center of mass centered over base of support -Tipping movements at initiation originate in legs -Some inclination occurs during end of initiation and shaping phase -Inclination decreases in finish phase -Legs rotate under stable pelvis and upper body Tactics -Pole plant is present -Groomed blue terrain |
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Medium Radius Carved
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Same as Dynamic Medium plus... -Skis bend most in shaping phase -Skis leave two lines in snow during shaping phase of turn -Skis turn primarily by being tipped and bent -Both skis tip same amount throughout turn Body Performance -Subtle fore/aft adjustments keeps center of mass centered over base of support -Body moves forward at initiation -Skis edged using lower legs AND inclination -Inclination begins in initiation phase -Inclination is increased in shaping phase -Inclination decreases in finish phase -Legs rotate under stable pelvis and upper body Tactics -Pole plant is complementary -Groomed, green, blue, or black terrain |
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Performance Short Radius Turns
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Ski performance is carved as possible in shaping phase given terrain, conditions, and ski design -Skis send center of mass across the hill at least one meter -Skis are tipped before turned -Parallel skis with similar edge angles -Both skis engaged and bent in shaping phase Body Performance -Fore/aft pressure control is managed through proportional flex/extend of all joints -Both legs rotate in hip socket at same rate and time -Tipping movements come from a combination of inclination and angulation -Active flexion/extension movements absorb/manage Tactics -Consistent tempo (1 turn/sec ) -Turn shape and line controls speed -Groomed, green, blue, or black terrain |
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Variable Terrain and Conditions (Level 3)
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Skis maintain contact with the snow when appropriate -Skis bend from center in majority of turns -Skis twist from the center at the same time and rate to match -Ski tip and release simultaneously commensurate Body Performance -Flexion movements facilitate absorption and release at -Extension movements allow shaping -The duration, intensity and rate of rotation are varied to a - The duration intensity and rate of movements are varied Tactics -Pole plant is complementary -Various turn sizes are present -Ungroomed black or double black terrain -Turn shape and line controls speed |
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Linked Short Turns in Bumps
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Applied Skills |
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Performance Bumps
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Applied Skills
Ski Performance -Skis maintain contact with the snow when appropriate -Skis bend from center in majority of turns -Pivot point in roughly under center of foot and skis turn at the same time and rate to match terrain variations -Skis tip and release simultaneously commensurate with terrain and allow the tips to move into the fall line Body Performance -Flexion movements facilitate absorption and release at initiation -Extension movements allow shaping -The duration, intensity and rate of rotation are varied to accommodate high speed and fall line skiing -The duration, intensity and rate of tipping movements are varied to accommodate high speed and fall line skiing -Turning movements come from legs and allow upper/lower body separation Tactics -Pole plant is complementary -Turn shape and line controls speed -Black or double black bumps |
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Rotational Control
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-The ability to turn the legs against the pelvis and upper body to affect turning of the ski |
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Edge Control
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-The ability to initiate tipping movements from the ground up |
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Pressure Control
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-The ability to manage total quantity of pressure and pressure distribution along the length of the ski
-The ability to choose which part of the ski(s) is being pressured -The ability to choose which foot to stand on to maximize desired ski performance |
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MA Technical Assessment
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Prioritizing Skill Pools
Observation / Description in Multiple Skill Pools: - Compares Skis Performance from 1 Phase to Another using D.I.R.T. - Compares Body Performance from 1 Phase to Another using D.I.R.T. Cause & Effect Relationships in Multiple Skill Pools (All Scores Must be 4 or Higher): - Relates Body to Skis Performance through Turn - Relates Skill to Skill Performance 1 Phase at a time Prescription for Change in Multiple Skill Pools - Describes More Ideal Skis Performance through Turn - Describes More Ideal Body Performance through Turn - Describes More Ideal Skill to Skill Performance 1 Phase at a time |
