Prctice Quiz

Front 1

In the definition of psychology, behavior means

Back 1

outward or overt actions and reactions

Front 2

A psychologist is interested in what a particular person might do in a stressful situation. This psychologist is most interested in the goal of

Back 2

prediction

Front 3

Dr. Watson designs a special behavior program for helping children who are bullies learn how to be less aggressive and more successful in social relationships. Dr. Watson is most interested in the goal of

Back 3

control

Front 4

The first step in studying animal behavior is to observe animals and record everything they do, when they do it, and what is going on around them when they do it. This meets the goal of

Back 4

description

Front 5

Experimental psychologists, who design experiments to determine the causes of behavior, would be most interested in the goal of

Back 5

explanation

Front 6

Which early perspective would have been LEAST likely to agree with the structuralists?

Back 6

Gestalt

Front 7

What did Freud believe controlled most, if not all of our behavior?

Back 7

the unconscious mind

Front 8

Who among the following would be LEAST likely to talk about conscious experiences?

Back 8

Watson

Front 9

Who was the first woman president of the American Psychological Association?

Back 9

Many Whiton Calkins

Front 10

In the experiment with "Little Peter," what did Mary Cover Jones use as a stimulus to counter Little Peter's fear of the rabbit?

Back 10

food

Front 11

Which of the following pairs represents the two psychology perspectives that were also part of the historical beginnings of psychology?

Back 11

behaviorism and psychodynamics

Front 12

Which perspective is known as the "third force" in psychology ?

Back 12

humanism

Front 13

Elsie suffered a stroke and had to be hospitalized. While in the hospital, she talked in funny, garbled words and seemed to think that she was being held against her will. Which of the following perspectives BEST explains Elsie's odd behavior?

Back 13

biopsychology

Front 14

Which perspective would a researcher be taking if she were studying the way children store and retrieve information?

Back 14

cognitive psychology

Front 15

Which of the following historical perspectives gave rise, at least in part, to the evolutionary perspective?

Back 15

functionalism

Front 16

Which of the the following professionals in psychology focuses more on the environmental conditions that affect mental disorders?

Back 16

psychiatric social worker

Front 17

Which of the following specialties in psychology deals diagnosis and treatment of disorders?

Back 17

clinical

Front 18

Max is interested in becoming a psychologist. He is most interested in how people in groups behave differently from people who act alone. He would most likely specialize _______ psychology

Back 18

social

Front 19

Dr. Roaden works in a school system, dealing directly with children who have emotional, academic, and behavioral problems. Dr. Roaden is most likely which type of psychologist?

Back 19

school

Front 20

In the scientific method, the first step is

Back 20

perceiving a question

Front 21

In a naturalistic observation, the phenomenon in which the behavior of the subjects being observed changes changes because because they are being watched is called

Back 21

observer effect

Front 22

The use of ____ helps to control for the effect of observer bias.

Back 22

blind observers

Front 23

The main disadvantage of a case study is that it is not

Back 23

generalizable to other similar conditions

Front 24

which of the following is the BEST example of a representative sample?

Back 24

you choose people randomly from the telephone book to respond to your survey

Front 25

It's pretty common knowledge that the more you study, the higher your grade will be. What kind of correlation is this relationship?

Back 25

positive

Front 26

In an experiment to test the effects of alcohol on memory, the experimenter gives vodka mixed in orange juice to one group of subjects and orange juice with no vodka to the other group. She then measures the memory skills of both groups by means of a memory test. In this study, the independent variable would be

Back 26

the presence or absence of vodka in the orange juice

Front 27

In that same experiment, the control group is the one that gets

Back 27

the orange juice without vodka

Front 28

In a ____ study, neither the experimenter nor the participants know who is in the control group and who is in the experimental group.

Back 28

double-blind

Front 29

In Dr. Amabile's classic experiment of the effects of reward on creativity, what was the dependent variable?

Back 29

the ratings of creativity from the experts for each child's collage

Front 30

Which of the following is NOT one of the common ethical rules?

Back 30

Deception cannot be used in any studies with human beings

Front 31

We use animals in research because

Back 31

we can do things to animals that we cant do to people, animals dont live as long as humans and are easier to control, and animals have simple behavior that makes it easy to see changes

Front 32

A famous newscaster advertises a new magnetic mattress for controlling pain. If Nathaniel decides to order the mattress because he believes that such an error in which the following?

Back 32

Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.

Front 33

Critical thinking means making judgements based on

Back 33

reason and logical evaluation

Front 34

Which pseudopsychology claims to understand personality through a study of the bumps on one's skull?

Back 34

phrenology

Front 35

In the definition of psychology, mental processes means

Back 35

internal, covert processes

Front 36

A psychologist is interested in finding out why identical twins have different personalities.

Back 36

explanation

Front 37

Psychologists who give potential employees tests that determine what kind of job those employees might best fit are interested in the goal of

Back 37

prediction

Front 38

which early theorist developed his perspective on psychology by basing it on Darwin's "survival of the fittest" doctrine?

Back 38

William James

Front 39

"The whole is greater than the sum of the parts" is a statement associated with the perspective of

Back 39

Gestalt psychologists

Front 40

______ was (were) the focus of Watson's behaviorism

Back 40

Observable experiences

Front 41

Who is the most associated with the technique of introspection?

Back 41

Wundt

Front 42

Who was denied a Ph. D despite completing all the requirements for earning the degree?

Back 42

Mary Whiton Calkins

Front 43

Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization?

Back 43

humanism

Front 44

Jenna suffers from a nervous tic of washing her hands repeatedly and being unable to resist washing them again. Which perspective would explain Jenna's hand washing behavior as a result of repressed conflicts?

Back 44

psychodynamics

Front 45

Which perspective looks at perception, learning, and memory?

Back 45

cognitive psychology

Front 46

Which perspective assumes that human behavior may have developed in certain directions because it served a useful function in preserving the species?

Back 46

evolutionary perspective

Front 47

Which of the following professionals in psychology has the broadest area of interests and functions?

Back 47

psychologist

Front 48

A person who has suffered a major stroke and is now experiencing severe personality problems becasue of the damage would bst be advised to see a

Back 48

psychiatrist

Front 49

Which of the following specialties in psychology provides diagnosis and treatment for less serious mental problems such as adjustment disorders?

Back 49

counseling

Front 50

In the scientific method, forming an educated guess called

Back 50

form of hypothesis

Front 51

The main advantage of a case study

Back 51

the amountof detail it provides about an individual

Front 52

the entire group that researcher is interested in is called a

Back 52

population

Front 53

Professor Jones surveyed her six classes and found that students who slept less than 5 hours the night before the exam received lower exam scores than those students between hours of sleep and scores

Back 53

positive

Front 54

Drinking orange juice is negatively correlated with lower risked cancer. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?

Back 54

The more orange juice you drink, the lower your risk of cancer.

Front 55

A researcher designs an experiment to test the effects of playing video games on memory. What would be the dependent variable?

Back 55

scores on memory test

Front 56

In that same experiment, the experimental group would

Back 56

play the video games

Front 57

in Dr. Amabile's experiment on creativity and reward, what was the independent variable?

Back 57

the special instructions to each group

Front 58

In a ____ study, only the experimenter knows who is in the control group and who is in the experimental group

Back 58

single-blind

Front 59

Double-blind studies control for

Back 59

the placebo effect and the experimenter effect

Front 60

Dr. Silverberg conducted a study in which she tests infants for memory ability. Before she can begin her study, she must obtain

Back 60

Informed consent from the parents

Front 61

Several years ago two scientists announced that they had achieved "cold fusion" in the laboratory, but further studies failed to replicate their findings and later they found that the original scientists had used sloppy methods. This highlights which of the following critical thinking principles?

Back 61

All evidence is not equal in quality

Front 62

Which pseudopsychology claims to understand personality through a study of the positions of heavenly bodies

Back 62

astrology