Philosophy Midy

Front 1

non contradiction

Back 1

if you have 2 contradictory statements then at least one must be logically false

Front 2

materialism

Back 2

supports the claim that right and wrong do not exist but that the strong person or group gets their way

Front 3

transcendence

Back 3

supports the claim that right and wrong do exist in absolute sense

Front 4

pantheism

Back 4

supports the claim that we are beyond morality, that morality is a moot

Front 5

we use logic in philosophy first because the first philosopher actually based philosophy on logic and second because of the logical nature of reality; true or false

Back 5

true

Front 6

equivocation

Back 6

imprecise definition of words

Front 7

inappropriate authority

Back 7

person has no credibility or credentials in the issue being discussed

Front 8

straw man

Back 8

creates a false, evil image of the opponent and attacks that image

Front 9

epistemology is concerned primarily about the ways we get knowledge and developing confidence in knowledge, true or false

Back 9

true

Front 10

which of the following is not one of the 5 basic ways in which we get knowledge. sensory perception, osmosis, memory, logic, intuition

Back 10

osmosis

Front 11

who is known as the father of modern medicine?

Back 11

Rene Descartes

Front 12

According to Descartes there was one thing he knew for sure; the fact that he was thinking meant the thinker existed since thoughts only come from a thinker. true or false

Back 12

true

Front 13

what is meant by Cartesian certainty?

Back 13

knowledge which can be proven 100% to be true

Front 14

why did Descartes reject sensory perception as a means of obtaining knowledge?

Back 14

you can't trust your senses, your senses cannot give you 100% indubitable knowledge and your senses sometimes play trucks on you

Front 15

what do we call the for foundational elements of Descartes claimed were necessary to have knowledge?

Back 15

innate knowledge

Front 16

John Locke rejected Descartes emphasis on logic but accepted his claim that God, logic, math and morals were necessary foundations to gain knowledge. true or false

Back 16

false

Front 17

David Hume claimed that since information through the senses was based upon an ever changing environment, he was so skeptical that he was even skeptical of his own skepticism. true or false

Back 17

true

Front 18

Immanuel Kant claimed that although we don't really know what lies outside us, we still all see everything the same way because we all think the same way, in terms of space and time. true or false

Back 18

true

Front 19

although, Kant claimed that we all thought the same way, he nevertheless claimed that we should still all have different morals. true or false

Back 19

true

Front 20

The problem claiming that logic should be the only way in which we should get knowledge is:

Back 20

a) Two people can use logic and still come to different conclusions and;

b) If the brain malfunctions using the 5 basic ways, then why are we so confident that the brain will not malfunction when it uses logic?

Front 21

Friedrich Nietzsche radically undermined the emphasis on logic by claiming that people do not think the same way. True or false

Back 21

True

Front 22

According to Einstein's theory, gravity causes matter to bend. If matter bends then knowledge bends (or is relative). True or False

Back 22

True

Front 23

The best way to build confidence in knowledge is to base your claim upon:

Back 23

As many different methods of obtaining knowledge as possible

Front 24

Which famous English scientist proved Einstein's theory of Relativity to be true?

Back 24

Sr. Arthur Eddington

Front 25

Because of Descartes' impact upon philosophy, which area of philosophy dominated philosophy from the 1600's until the mid 1900's?

Back 25

Epistemology

Front 26

Epistemology is concerned about which issue?

Back 26

The way we gain knowledge and being confident in what we know

Front 27

According to Martin Luther King, Jr., in order for law to be just, it must harmonize with the moral law or the law of God. True or false

Back 27

True

Front 28

According to MLK, Jr., St. Thomas Aquinas was the one who said than an unjust law is no law at all. True or False

Back 28

True

Front 29

Which argument for the existence of God claims that the fact that people have a concept of a perfect Being means that the perfect Being must exist?

Back 29

Ontlogical argument

Front 30

Which of the arguments for God's existence claims that the existence of cause and effect in the world points to the First cause, God?

Back 30

cosmological argument

Front 31

Which of the arguments for God's existence claims that all the design in the universe points to a Grand Designer, that is, God?

Back 31

Teleological argument

Front 32

Which of the arguments for God's existence claims that that a desire for goodness and perfection points to the existence of God?

Back 32

Ontlogical argument

Front 33

Which of the arguments for God's existence is based upon the fact that life leads us to think in terms of good, better, worse, etc.?

Back 33

ontlogical argument

Front 34

A distraction

Back 34

A red herring

Front 35

Imprecise definition of words

Back 35

Equivication

Front 36

basing a claim on what is not said

Back 36

argument of silence

Front 37

MLK, Jr., in protesting segregation claims that a law which applies to one group in society should be applied to all in society. True or false

Back 37

True

Front 38

When MLK, Jr., quotes St.Aquinas, St. Augustine, Martin Buber, and Paul Tillich, to which of the 5 ways to gain knowledge is he appealing to warrant his claim?

Back 38

Authority

Front 39

In our discussion on the Boy with the Striped Pajamas and Letter to Birmingham Jail, is a person to obey an evil command even if he has sworn absolute loyalty to the person who gave him the evil command? Yes or No

Back 39

no

Front 40

Who brought down the British Empire simply by exercising civil disobedience, simply by saying no and refusing to obey unjust laws?

Back 40

Gandi

Front 41

Who articulated the ontological Argument for God's existence?

Back 41

Anslem

Front 42

Who articulated the cosmological Argument for God's existence?

Back 42

Thomas Aquinas

Front 43

Who articulated the teleological Argument for God's existence?

Back 43

William Paley

Front 44

Who articulated the moral argument for God's existence?

Back 44

Immanuel Kent

Front 45

What is the name of the faculty that Aquinas and John Calvin claim reside within us which detects the movement of God in their lives?

Back 45

Sensus divinitatus

Front 46

Which ancient Greek philosopher is Aquinas using to develop his argument for God's existence?

Back 46

Aristotle

Front 47

According to materialists, materialism is progressive but belief in God is out-dated. What statement is true?

a)Belief in God existed long before people came to realize that God does not exist.

b) The first Greek philosophers were materialists. The progressive idea in philosophy that a transcendent realm existed was actually formulated by Socrates and Plato

Back 47

a)Belief in God existed long before people came to realize that God does not exist.

Front 48

Even though an idea may be progressive, it might be good not to follow or implement that idea. True of False

Back 48

True

Front 49

The challenge that God does not exist because of the existence of evil in the world may actually be a self-defeating challenge because it assumes the existence of a perfect standard. True or False

Back 49

True

Front 50

According to Fredrick Copleston, Socrates claimed that a transcendent sphere (of the Forms) must exist for which reason?

Back 50

Life impresses upon us absolutes. Another transcendent sphere of absolutes must exist because of the constant change in this world.