Patient Care Ch. 6

Front 1

What are some general goals of exercise?

Back 1

🔸Enhance function/capacity of muscle

🔸 Maintain/improve joint ROM

🔸Enhance efficiency of CP system

Front 2

____ is used to promote motion, while ____ is used to avoid or limit movement.

Back 2

Support, stabilization

Front 3

What is the goal or objective of PROM?

Back 3

To maintain unrestricted joint range.

(Stretching is used to increase joint range.)

Front 4

What is the goal of AROM?

Back 4

Increase strength and endurance.

Front 5

When might PROM be used instead of AROM?

Back 5

Paralysis is present.

Pt. is comatose.

Pain occurs c active contraction.

Surgery or trauma prohibits AROM.

Front 6

What are the benefits of PROM?

Back 6

- preserve ROM

- minimize contractures

- minimize adhesions

- maintain muscle elasticity

- promote circulation

- promote sensory awareness

- inhibit/reduce pain

Front 7

What are the benefits of AROM?

Back 7

- maintain muscle elasticity/strength

- increase circulation

- increase sensory awareness

- maintain/improve CP function

- prevent thrombus in LE

- maintain tendon bone interface

Front 8

What exercise can help prevent blood clots in the LEs?

Back 8

Ankle pumps

Front 9

AROM can improve strength in a pt. whose grade is ____ on the MMT.

Back 9

Fair (Muscles stronger than fair must contract against external resistance in order to gain strength.)

Front 10

To allow full joint motion, multijoint muscles must not be ____ simultaneously over the joints they cross.

Back 10

Lengthened

Front 11

A patient c what type of injury may benefit from tightness in the extrinsic finger flexors?

Back 11

Pt. c spinal cord injury that has spared C6 nerve root. (Can use tenodesis to grip objects.)

Front 12

In which direction will a muscle contracture develop?

Back 12

In the same direction as the movement the muscle produces.

Front 13

When performing shoulder abduction, what other movement may be necessary?

Back 13

External rotation of humerus (full can position)

Front 14

When performing elbow flexion/extension, what positions must the forearm be in?

Back 14

Neutral, pronated, supinated

Front 15

When performing ankle dorsiflexion, what knee position will allow more complete ROM?

Back 15

Flexion (Then the gastrocnemius is shortened over one joint while lengthening over the other.)

Front 16

What position should the patient be in to elongate the hamstrings?

Back 16

Supine with knee extended and hip flexed.

Front 17

What position should the patient be in to elongate the quadriceps?

Back 17

Prone with knee flexed and hip extended.

Front 18

What test should be performed before doing any PROM of the cervical spine?

Back 18

Vertebral artery occlusion (test)

Front 19

What are some advantages of diagonal patterns as compared to traditional anatomic planes?

Back 19

- incorporate rotation

- cross midline of body

- more functional

- combine several motions

- exercise multiple joints c one motion

Front 20

Diagonal patterns are named according to the position of the ____ joint at the ____ of the pattern.

Back 20

Proximal, conclusion

Front 21

To initiate UE D1 Fl, how would the limb be positioned?

Back 21

UE D1 Ex

Front 22

What type of muscle contraction, concentric or eccentric, develops more tension?

Back 22

Eccentric

Front 23

Which position eliminates gravity when flexing the hip or knee?

Back 23

Side lying

Front 24

When do most muscles have the weakest contractile capacity?

Back 24

Beginning and end of ROM

Front 25

During which type of exercise is it especially important to instruct the patient to avoid the Valsalva maneuver?

Back 25

Isometric resistive

Front 26

Which multijoint muscles must be considered when doing PROM or stretching?

Back 26

Biceps brachii

Triceps brachii

Flexor digitorum superficialis/profundus

Extensor digitorum

Hamstrings

Quadriceps (rectus femoris)

Tensor fascia latae

Gastrocnemius

Front 27

What is often the first type of exercise done after surgery?

Back 27

Isometric contractions