Oby1Ht1 - Heart And Mediastinum

Front 1

What is the average pressure of the left ventricle?

Back 1

120/80 mmHg

Front 2

What is the average pressure of the right ventricle?

Back 2

20 mmHg

Front 3

Draw the heart from an anterior perspective

Back 3

Front 4

Which vessels drain into the right atrium?

Back 4

superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

Front 5

What is the fossa ovale?

Back 5

A depression in the interatrial septum where the foramen ovale used to be during fetal development, to allow the blood to bypass the pulmonary circuit

Front 6

What are papillary muscles?

Back 6

Muscles within the ventricles of the heart that attach the chordae tendinae to the wall of the heart

Front 7

Which side of the heart has the tricuspid valve?

Back 7

Right

Front 8

What is the rough-walled portion of the internal right atrium called? Where are they derived from?

Back 8

Pectinate muscles derived from primitive atrium

Front 9

What marks the boundary between the smooth and rough sections of the internal right atrial wall?

Back 9

The crista terminalis, a raised ridge where the pectinate muscles end

Front 10

Where does the smooth portion of the internal right atrial wall develop from?

Back 10

Sinus venosus

Front 11

Which vessels supply the left atrium?

Back 11

4 pulmonary veins, 2 from each lung

Front 12

Which chamber of the heart is most posteriorly located? Which is the most anterior?

Back 12

Posterior - left atrium

Anterior - right ventricle

Front 13

What is another name for the bicuspid valve?

Back 13

Mitral valve

Front 14

What are the two parts of the interventricular septum?

Back 14

Membranous - superior

Muscular - inferior

Front 15

Draw a diagram showing the position of the valves from a superior view

Back 15

Front 16

Where do the coronary arteries originate?

Back 16

The aortic bulb, just above the aortic valve

Front 17

Why is the mitral valve the odd valve out?

Back 17

It is the only valve with only two cusps

Front 18

Draw a diagram showing the coronary arteries from an anterior view

Back 18

Front 19

What does it mean to have a 'left-dominant' heart?

Back 19

The left coronary artery supplies the Posterior interventricular artery. This is least common, much more likely to be 'right-dominant' instead

Front 20

Which of the two coronary arteries emerge from underneath the pulmonary trunk

Back 20

Left

Front 21

Draw a diagram showing the venous drainage of the heart, from a Posterior view

Back 21

Front 22

What is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

Back 22

To support the valves and provide a non-conducting region to prevent the unwanted spread of action potentials from the atria to the ventricles

Front 23

What do the different sections of the ECG represent?

Back 23

P wave - atrial contraction

P-Q interval represents the delay at the AV node

QRS complex represents ventricular contraction

T wave represents repolarisation of ventricles

Front 24

Where is the cardiac plexus located?

Back 24

Underneath the aortic arch

Front 25

Which regions of the heart do sympathetic fibres innervate?

Back 25

SA, AV and myocardium

Front 26

Which regions of the heart does the vagus nerve innervate?

Back 26

SA

Front 27

Draw a diagram of the primary aortic branches

Back 27

Front 28

Draw a diagram of the great veins

Back 28