Obg

Front 1

Surgery for bicornuate uterus

Back 1

Strassman Sx

After Sx if she conceives then LSCS at 38 weeks & now recently hysteroscopic metroplasty

Front 2

Mayor rokitansky kuster hauser syndrome

Back 2

Mullerian agenesis

Vaginal atresia

Uterine atresia

Front 3

Vaginal agenesis Sx

Back 3

Done when the girl is about to get married or just married

Mc indoe operation

Williams vaginoplasty (pouch out if labio majora)

Amniovaginoplasty

Front 4

Transverse vaginal septum

Back 4

Causes imperforate vagina (vaginal agenesis)

MC located at upper part

(external os)

Front 5

MC uterine malformation associated with infertility

Back 5

Septate anomaly

Front 6

IOC for uterine anomalies

Back 6

3D USG

MRI

Sono hysterography

HSG leads to false positivity

Front 7

Multiple luteal cysts in ovary

Back 7

Pregnancy

Multiple pregnancy

HCG therapy

Hydatidiform mole

Choriocarcinoma

Front 8

Pain in endometriosis

Back 8

Related to depth of invasion (>5mm)

Infertility is related to superficial invasion

CA125 for recurrence

Front 9

CA125

Back 9

Cut off normal levels <35 mIU/L

Raised in

Endometriosis

TB

Ovarian Ca

Borderline ovarian tumors

Front 10

Allen masters syndrome

Back 10

Defects in Peritoneum

Scarring overlying implants

Front 11

Diagnosis of endometriosis

Back 11

Laparoscopy

Powder burn/gun shot lesions with fibrosis surrounding

Pseudoxanthoma cells (macrophages with hemosiderin)

Front 12

Mittelschmerz

Back 12

Painful ovulation (sharp pain in lower abdomen)

Associated with rupture of ovarian follicle

Front 13

Administration of SSRI's in PMS

Back 13

Luteal phase

Front 14

Rotterdam criteria

Back 14

Ovulatory dysfunction (oligomenorrhea or hyperandrogenism)

Clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism

USG criteria

Any 2 among 3

Front 15

Sampling of LH &FSH in PCOS

Back 15

1 to 4 days of the cycle

Front 16

Testosterone levels in women

Back 16

Free testosterone >200ng/dl (ovarian lesion)

DHEA >700mcg/dl (adrenal lesion)

Front 17

Associations of PCOS

Back 17

Hirsutism

Endometrial ca

Insulin resistance

Front 18

Guinagolide

Back 18

Newer dopamine agonist fir hyperprolactinemia

Non ergot D2 dopamine agonist

Front 19

Diagnosis of ca cervix

Back 19

Pap smear for screening

Punch biopsy -> colposcopy & biopsy -> cone biopsy

Front 20

MC cause of death in ca cervix

Back 20

Renal failure (uremia) due to obstruction of ureters

2nd most common cause is hemorrhage

Front 21

Microinvasive carcinoma

Back 21

Stromal invasion <5mm

Lateral spread <7mm

Rx simple hysterectomy

Front 22

HPV triage

Back 22

Colposcopy

Liquid based cytology

Hybrid capture 2 for HPV DNA

Front 23

Indications of trachelectomy

Back 23

Preservation of fertility

Early stage disease (1A1 1A2 1B1)

Small tumor volume <2 cms

No pelvic node metastasis

Cancer margin 1 cm below the internal os on MRI

Front 24

D/D for verrucous carcinoma

Back 24

Condylomata acuminata (hpv6,11)

Verrucous carcinoma is a scc variant of cervix

Front 25

MC site of vulval cancer

Back 25

Labia majora > clitoris > labia minora

SCC is commonest vulval ca followed by melanoma (clitoris > labia minora)

Front 26

Best method of prevention of ca ovary

Back 26

Prophylactic hysterectomy + BSO

2nd line - screening + ocp's

Screening - TVS + CA125 done every 6 to 12 months after 35 years and MRI or mammo for breast cancer

Front 27

Female equivalent of Seminoma

Back 27

Dysgerminoma

Front 28

Largest benign ovarian tumor

Back 28

Mucinous cyst adenoma

Front 29

Ovarian tumor associated with lymphocytic infiltration

Back 29

Dysgerminoma

Front 30

Mucinous tumor associated with dermoid cyst

Back 30

Brenners tumor

Front 31

Masculizing tumors of ovary

Back 31

Arrhenoblastoma

Adrenal cortical tumor/lipoid cell tumor of ovary

Hilus cell tumor

Gynandroblastoma (granulosa + arrhenoblastoma)

Front 32

MC used chemo regimens in dysgerminoma

Back 32

Unilateral oophorectomy

Or

Partial resection of the tumor

BEP - Bleomycin, Etoposide, cisPlatin (best result with 4 cycles)

VBP - vinblastin, Bleomycin, cisPlatin

VAC - Vincristine, Actinomycin, cyclophosphamide

Front 33

Meigh & pseudo meigh

Back 33

Meigh (fibroma)

Tumor must be ovarian, solid & benign

Hydrothorax, ascites present

Removal of tumor result in spontaneous resolution

Psuedomeigh

Brenner & granulosa tumor

Hydrothorax could be a pulmonary manifestation

Exudate is through electrolyte imbalance unlike due to ovarian tumor in meigh

Front 34

Risk of malignancy score

Back 34

Ultrasound sound score × menopausal score × CA 125 levels in U/ml

>200 have a high ovarian carcinoma risk

Front 35

Pelvic calcifications

Back 35

Fibroids - popcorn calcification

Dermoid cyst - commonest ovarian mass to calcify

Other ovarian masses - cystadenoma/carcinoma/fibroma

Pseudomyxomaperitonei

Fallopian tube calcification - TB

Uterine - endometrial calcification from chronic endometritis

Front 36

Investigation for ovarian tumor

Back 36

CA125

PET is preferred over CT as PET differentiate between relapsed tumor & fibrosis

Front 37

Staging of ovarian cancer

Back 37

Peritoneal washing

Peritoneal biopsy

Palpation of organs

Front 38

Management of endometrial hyperplasia

Back 38

Non atypical hyperplasia

Progesterone

Simple atypical hyperplasia not preferring pregnancy

Simple hysterectomy

Preferring pregnancy

Counseling & high dose Progesterone

Complex hyperplasia without atypia

Progesterone

Follow up

Simple hyperplasia without atypia

Follow up without therapy

Front 39

Malignancies with long term Tamoxifen

Back 39

Endometrial ca

Uterine sarcoma

Rarely liver ca

Non malignant

Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometriosis

Fibroid uterus

Ovarian cyst

Amenorrhea

Front 40

Diagnosis of endometrial ca

Back 40

Fractional curettage > hysteroscopy and biopsy used for cervical stenosis patients (but advanced than fraction)

TVS

Front 41

Mixed mullerian carcinogenesis

Back 41

Carcinomatous & sarcomatous changes

Heterologous (extra uterine tissue)

Homologous (smooth muscle differentiation)

Post menopausal women

Rx

Sx followed by chemo

Front 42

MC sites of injury causing UV fistula

Back 42

Where ureter crosses below uterine arteries

2nd most common

Behind the infundibulo pelvic ligament at the pelvic brim

Front 43

Prolapse order

Back 43

Anterior wall prolapse (Cystocele) > posterior wall prolapse > uterine prolapse

Front 44

Congenital prolapse

Back 44

Seen in young nulliparous women

Risk factors

Spina bifida

Marfans

Ehler danlos

Management

Purandare sling

Shirodkar sling

Virkud's

Sling made of mersilene tape

Front 45

Surgeries for ureteric fistula

Back 45

Bladder flap procedure (modified boari ocker blad)

Ureteroneocystostomy

Implantation into the bladder

Colonic transplantation leads to recurrent pyelonephritis, hyperchloremic acidosis

Front 46

Lead pipe appearance

Back 46

Fallopian tube in TB

Front 47

Syndromic management of STD's

Back 47

Metronidazole

Fluconazole

Front 48

Qualitative & quantitative tests for fetomaternal hemorrhage

Back 48

Apt

Singles alkaline denaturation test

&

Kleihuer betke test

Citric acid elution test

Respectively

Front 49

General anaesthetia in pregnancy

Back 49

IAP

Intra cardiac shunts

Aortic stenosis

Pulm HTN

Front 50

Bispinous diameter

Back 50

10 centimeters

Front 51

Layers of uterus

Back 51

Endo

Stratum functionalis

Stratum basale

Myo

Outer longitudinal

Criss cross

Inner circular

Peri

Front 52

Uterus relations at cornua

Back 52

Ant - round ligament tube

Post - ovarian ligament

Front 53

Level of anaesthesia's

Back 53

Epidural - T10

LSCS - T4

Nerve supply T10 to L1

Front 54

Layers of cervix

Back 54

Ecto - stratified squamous

Endo - columbar

Transition - metaplasia

Length is 2.5 cms in non pregnant and 4 cms in pregnant

Front 55

B supply to cervix

Back 55

Descending cervical artery

Front 56

Lymphatic drainage of cervix

Back 56

I (H) OPE

Internal & external iliac

Obturator

Paracervical (sentinel)

Parametrial

Front 57

Narrowest parts of fallopian tube

Back 57

Intra mural 1.25 cms (anatomical sphincter) (last to rupture)

Later isthmus 2.5 cms

Front 58

Venous drainage of ovaries

Back 58

Left ovarian vein into left renal vein

Right ovarian vein into IVC

Front 59

Cervix and all fornices related to

Back 59

Uterine vessels

Mackendrot ligament

Ureter

Front 60

Lateral relations of vagina

Back 60

Mackendrots ligament or pelvic cellular tissue

Levator ani muscle

Bulbus cavernosus

Vestibular bulb

Bartholin glands

Front 61

Hysterectomy with highest risk of ureteric injury

Back 61

Wertheims hysterectomy

Front 62

Epithelial cells of vagina

Back 62

Parabasal/basal - before puberty or menopausal

Intermediate - progesterone

Superficial - estrogen

Front 63

P/I/S

Back 63

Postmenopausal - 100/0/0

Pre ovulatory - 0/40/60

Secretory - 0/70/30

Front 64

Lymphatic drainage of vagina

Back 64

Upper 3rd - ext & int iliac

Middle 3rd - int iliac

Lower 3rd - sup inguinal

Front 65

Feedbacks in HPO axis

Back 65

+ve - leptin, glutamate, kisspeptide

-ve - GABA, neuropeptide Y

Front 66

Investigations of polyp

Back 66

USG - feeding vessel sign

Best is saline infusion sonhysteroscopy

Rx - hysteroscopic D & C

Front 67

Investigations of adenomyosis

Back 67

USG

MRI is gold standard

Front 68

FIGO classification of AUB

Back 68

PALM (anatomical)

COEIN (functional)

P - polyp

A - adenomyosis

L - leiomyoma

M - malignancy & hyperplasia

C - coagulopathy

O - ovulatory dysfunction

E - endometrial

I - iatrogenic

N - not specified

Front 69

Endometrial assessment and biopsy

Back 69

Front 70

Genes for growth of testis

Back 70

Sry gene on short arm of Y

"SOX 9 gene"

Front 71

Genes for development of ovaries

Back 71

WNT4 gene

RSPO1 gene

Front 72

Para ovarian cyst

Back 72

Block in paraphoron cyst

Front 73

DES exposure in utero

Back 73

T shaped uterus

Vaginal adenocarcinoma

Front 74

Investigations of uterine anomalies

Back 74

IOC - 3D USG/MRI

Gold standard - hysteroscopy & laparoscopy

Front 75

Indication for surgery in bicornuate uterus

Back 75

Habitual abortions

Front 76

Surgeries of uterine anomalies

Back 76

Bicornuate/didelphys - Jones metroplasty

Strassman metroplasty (mc)

Septate - hysteroscopic transcervical septal resection

Front 77

Reifeinstein syndrome

Back 77

Partial AIS

Scanty pubic & axillary hair

Front 78

Rx of AIS

Back 78

Vaginoplasty just before marriage

by - frank dilator, mcindoe or williams vulvovaginoplasty

Gonadectomy performed after SSC developed and estrogen is taken for lifelong

Front 79

Main causes of primary amenorrhea

Back 79

Genetic > MRKH > AIS

Front 80

Kallman syndrome

Back 80

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Anosmia

Anemia

Absence of GnRH

Normal height

Front 81

Secondary amenorrhea

Back 81

Mc physiological - pregnancy

Mc pathological - PCOS

Front 82

Asherman

Back 82

Uterine synechia

Honeycomb appearance in HSG (IOC)

Hysteroscopy (gold standard)

Mx - hysteroscopic adhesiolysis

Cu T

Front 83

Savage syndrome

Back 83

FSH receptor mutation

FSH > 40 IU/L

E2 normal

Increase antral follicules

Front 84

Diagnosis of prolactinoma

Back 84

>30 ng/ml - take serum TSH

>100ng/ml - MRI

Front 85

Failure of lactation post delivery

Back 85

Sheehan syndrome

Front 86

Earliest sign of pregnancy

Back 86

Subnuclear basal vacuolization

As early as 36 hr post ovulation

Front 87

Best test for ovarian reserve

Back 87

Serum amh <1mIU/L in poor ovarian reserve

Also serum inhibin B

Front 88

Hyperstimulation syndrome

Back 88

Release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators -> VEGF -> damage to vessel wall -> third space loss

Front 89

Gold standard investigation for tubal factors

Back 89

Laparoscopic chromopertubation

Front 90

Tubal recanalization

Back 90

Reversal best with

Clips > falope rings > modified pomeroy > cautery

Lenght >4 cms

Isthmoisthmic anastomosis

Age <35 years

Front 91

Sims cohner test

Back 91

Post coital test