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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Obedience |
A form of social influence in which an individual follows a direct order from, usually, a figure of authority |
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Aim of Milgram's study |
To see if the actions of Germans in the holocaust were dispositional or situational |
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Procedure of Milgram's study |
40 men were chosen from an ad for a job in a newspaper It took place in Yale University The participant was the teacher who would have to ask the confederate a question and then administer a shock through a machine The shocks increased form 15 to 375 volts |
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Reactions from the learner |
180 the confederate would say they could not stand the pain 300 they begged to be released 310 there would be silence |
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Prods |
1) Please continue/Please go on 2)The experiment requires you go on 3)It is absolutely essential that you continue 4)You have no other choice, you must go on |
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Milgram's predictions |
2% would go all the way most people would could early on |
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Milgram's findings |
100% went to 300 volts 65% went all the way |
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Ethical critisisms |
Informed consent Deception Right to withdraw Protection |
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Implications |
A change in attitude towards war crimes - there less empathy towards those who were "just following instructions" People were encouraged to doubt authority figures |
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Debrief |
The participants were told that their behaviour was natural A year follow up was made to see if there was any permenant psychological harm |
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The Agentic state |
When you are an agent for someone else's idea's and behaviour and so they are not responsible for behaviour |
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Year follow up |
84% said that they were happy to have taken part in the experiment 74% said that they felt as though they had learnt something |
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Hofling's study |
21 out of 22 nurses were willing to administer a potentially lethal drug |
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Believability of experiment |
70% believed that they were adminsterring real shocks |
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Proximity |
The teacher could hear but not see the confederate 65% to 40% |
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Touch proximity |
The teacher had to force the learners hand on the shock pad 65% to 30% |
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Remote instruction condition time proximity |
The instructions were given by phone 65% to 20.5% |
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Location |
Experiment was done in a run down building 65% to 47.5% |
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Uniform |
In the original the experimenter wore a grey lab coat however this time they worse casual clothes 65% to 20% |
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Bickman |
153 randomly selected pedestrians were given various orders from a man in a: suit and tie a milkmans uniform guards uniform |
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Bickman's findings |
80% followed the instructions of the guard 40% obeyed the milkman/civilian |
