Network + 06 Chapter 1

Front 1

802.11 standard

Back 1

802.11 standard

An IEEE standard that specifies an over-the-air interface between a wireless client and a base station or between two wireless clients.

Front 2

amplitude

Back 2

amplitude

The crest or trough of a wave from the midpoint of the waveform to its top or bottom

Front 3

analog signal

Back 3

analog signal

a signal that carries information as continuous waves of electromagnetic or optical energy.

Front 4

anycast transmission

Back 4

anycast transmission

a transmission method in which data is sent from a server to the nearest node within a group, which then initiates another anycast and transmits the data to next nearest node within the group, and so forth, until all nodes in the group have received the data

Front 5

AP (Access Point)

Back 5

AP access point

See WAP

Front 6

asynchronous communications

Back 6

asynchronous communications

Front 7

backoff

Back 7

backoff

the random amount of time a node in a CSMA/CD network waits after a collision has occurred; a typical backoff period is a few milliseconds long.

Front 8

baseband transmssion

Back 8

baseband transmission

a transmission technique in which digital signals are sent via direct current pulses over a single, unmultiplexed signal channel

Front 9

bluetooth

Back 9

bluetooth

a wireless technology that facilitates short-range wireless communication between devices, such as personal computers, laptops, mobile phones, and gaming consoles, thus creating a WPAN

Front 10

broadband transmission

Back 10

broadband transmission

a transmission technique in which a single medium carries multiple channels of data, usually through modulation.

Front 11

broadcast transmission

Back 11

broadcast transmission

a transmission method in which data is sent from a source node to all other nodes on a network

Front 12

CAN (campus area network)

Back 12

CAN(campus area network)

a network that covers an area equivalent to an academic campus or business park

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centralized network

Back 13

centralized network

a network in which a central mainframe computer controls all network communication and performs data processing and storage on behalf of clients

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client

Back 14

client

a network device or process that initiates a connection to server

Front 15

client/server network

Back 15

client/server network

a network in which servers provide resources to clients

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competitive media access

Back 16

competitive media access

see contention-based media access

Front 17

contention-based media access

Back 17

contention-based media access

a media access method in which nodes compete or cooperate among themselves for media access time. Also called competitive media access

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controlled media access

Back 18

controlled media access

a media access method in which a central device controls when and for how long each node can transmit. Also called deterministic media access.

Front 19

CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance)

Back 19

CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance)

a contention-based media access method where nodes try to avoid data collisions by transmitting when they deem the channel to be idle.

Front 20

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection)

Back 20

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) A contention-based media access method where nodes send data when they deem the channel to be idle, but take steps to retransmit when collisions occur.

Front 21

cycle

Back 21

cycle

one complete oscillation of an analog signal

Front 22

data transmission

Back 22

data transmission

the exchange of data among different computers or other electronic devices through a network

Front 23

DC (direct current)

Back 23

DC(direct current)

A type of electric current that flows unidirectionally

Front 24

de-encapsulation

Back 24

de-encapsulation

The process of removing delivery information at each layer of the OSI model as data passes to the next-higher layer at the receiver end.

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demand priority

Back 25

demand priority

a polling technique in which nodes signal their state-either ready to transmit or idle-to an intelligent hub, which grants nodes permission to transmit

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demultiplexer

Back 26

demultiplexer

see demux

Front 27

demultiplexing

Back 27

demultiplexing

a process that converts the multiplexed signals to independent signals

Front 28

demux (demultiplexer)

Back 28

demux (demultiplexer)

a device that performs demultiplexing at the receiving end

Front 29

deterministic media access

Back 29

deterministic media access

see controlled media access

Front 30

enterprise network

Back 30

enterprise network

a network that includes elements of both LANS and WANS and is owned and operated by a single organization to interlink its devices and resources

Front 31

extranet

Back 31

extranet

A private network that grants controlled access to users outside of the network

Front 32

FDM (frequency-division multiplexing)

Back 32

FDM (frequency-division multiplexing)

a multiplexing method in which data from multiple nodes is sent over multiple frequencies or channels over a network medium.

Front 33

frequency

Back 33

frequency

The number of complete cycles per second in a wave. Also called the period of the wave.

Front 34

full duplex

Back 34

full duplex

a communication mode that permits simultaneous two-way communication

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half duplex

Back 35

half duplex

a communication mode that permits a two-way transmission, but in only one direction at a time.

Front 36

hertz

Back 36

hertz

a measure of the number of cycles per second in an analog signal. One cycle per second equals one hertz

Front 37

hub

Back 37

hub

a networking device used to connect the drops in a physical star topology network into a logical bus topology. Also called a multiport repeater

Front 38

ICS (industrial control system)

Back 38

ICS (industrial control system)

a network or system used to support municipal services, industrial processes, and transportation systems

Front 39

in phase

Back 39

in phase

when two waves of the same frequency begin at the same time.

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internet

Back 40

internet

the single largest global WAN that virtually links every country in the world

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intranet

Back 41

intranet

a private network that uses internet protocols and services to share a company's information with its employees

Front 42

IP(internet Protocol)

Back 42

IP(internet Protocol)

A connectionless Network-layer protocol that is responsible for sending data packets across a network

Front 43

IP address

Back 43

IP address

a unique identifier assigned to every node connected to a TCP/IP network, such as the Internet

Front 44

LAN(local area network)

Back 44

LAN(local area network)

a self-contained network that spans a small area, such as a signle building, floor, or room

Front 45

MAN (metropolitan area network)

Back 45

MAN (metropolitan area network)

a network that covers an area equivalent to a city or a municipality

Front 46

manchester encoding

Back 46

manchester encoding

a digital transmission encoding scheme using binary that represents the transition from positive to ground with a 0, and the transition from negative to positive in the middle of the bit period with a 1

Front 47

media access method

Back 47

media access method

a network communications mechanism that determines whether or not a particular node can transmit data on a network at a given time

Front 48

medianet

Back 48

medianet

a network optimized for rich media, such as voice and video, which is designed to transport a mixture of rich media and other content, such as text

Front 49

mixed mode network

Back 49

mixed mode network

a network that incorporates elements from more than one of the three standard network configurations

Front 50

modem

Back 50

modem

a device that enables digital data to be sent over an analog medium, such as a telephone wire or cable provider's line

Front 51

multiplexer

Back 51

multiplexer see MUX

Front 52

multiplexing

Back 52

a controlled media access method in which a central device called a multiplexer combines signals from multiple nodes and transmits the combined signal across a medium

Front 53

multipoint connections

Back 53

multipoint connections

connections between many nodes

Front 54

mux (multiplexer)

Back 54

mux (multiplexer)

a device that manages multiplexing from the sending end

Front 55

network

Back 55

network

a group of devices that are connected together to communicate and share network resources

Front 56

network backbone

Back 56

network backbone

the highest-speed transmission path that carries the majority of network data

Front 57

network baseline

Back 57

network baseline

a baseline that documents the network's current performance level and provides a quantitative basis for identifying or unacceptable performance

Front 58

network configuration

Back 58

network configuration

a design specification for how the nodes on a network are constructed to interact and communicate

Front 59

node

Back 59

node

any device that can connect to the network and generate, process, or transfer data

Front 60

noise

Back 60

noise

in electronics, random changes and disturbances in an electrical signal, such as EMI or RFI

Front 61

OHM

Back 61

OHM

the value of electrical resistance through which one volt will maintain a current of one ampere

Front 62

on-off keying

Back 62

on-off keying

a digital data transmission encoding scheme in which a change in voltage from one state to another within a predetermined interval is symbolized by a 1

Front 63

out of phase

Back 63

out of phase

when two waves either start at an offset from each other or have different frequencies

Front 64

PAN (personal area network)

Back 64

a network that connects two to three devices with cables and is most often seen in small or home offices

Front 65

parallel data transmission

Back 65

parallel data transmission

a transmission technique in which multiple bits are transmitted across multiple transmission lines

Front 66

PDU(protocol data unit)

Back 66

PDU(protocol data unit)

an umbrella term that refers to the data packets, frames, packets, segments and datagrams that carry information across a network

Front 67

phrase

Back 67

phrase

the fixed point where a wave's cycle begins in relationship to a fixed point

Front 68

point-to-point connection

Back 68

point-to-point connection

a direct connection between two nodes on a network

Front 69

polling

Back 69

polling

a controlled media access method in which a central device contacts each node to check whether it has data to transmit

Front 70

protocols

Back 70

protocols

rules that govern the transfer of information among computing devices

Front 71

redistribution point

Back 71

redistribution point

a network node that is used to transfer data

Front 72

scada system (supervisory control and data acquisition system)

Back 72

scada system (supervisory control and data acquisition system)

an ics that is used in situations where sites are at great geographical distances from one another, and where centralized data collection and management is critical to industrial operations.

Front 73

segment

Back 73

segment

a physical subdivision of a network that links multiple devices or serves as a connection between two nodes

Front 74

server

Back 74

server

a network device or process that shares resources with and responds to requests from computers, devices and other servers on the network

Front 75

signal

Back 75

signal

the electromagnetic pulses that are transmitted across a network medium

Front 76

signal bounce

Back 76

signal bounce

a condition in which the signals endlessly move from one end of a cable to the other end

Front 77

smtp(simple mail transfer protocol)

Back 77

smtp(simple mail transfer protocol)

a communications protocol that enables sending email from a client to a server or between servers

Front 78

switch

Back 78

switch

a network device that acts as a common connecting point for various nodes or segments

Front 79

synchronous communications

Back 79

synchronous communications

a communication method in which a byte is sent in a standardized time interval, enabling the receiver to use the time interval as the means to distinguish between bytes in the data stream

Front 80

tdm(Time-division multiplexing)

Back 80

tdm(Time-division multiplexing)

a multiplexing method in which the communication channel is divided into discrete time slots that are assigned to each node on a network

Front 81

thin client

Back 81

thin client

a device or process that depends on a server to fulfill its computational needs

Front 82

threat

Back 82

threat

any potential violation of security policies or procedures

Front 83

token

Back 83

token

a physical or virtual object that stores authentication information

Front 84

top

Back 84

top

a CPU usage monitoring tool offered in unix and linux systems that provides a static snapshot or a real-time display of the processes currently running on a cpu

Front 85

twisted pair

Back 85

twisted pair

a type of cable in which two conductors or pairs of copper wires are twisted around each other and clad in a color-coded, protective insulating plastic sheath or jacket

Front 86

unicast transmission

Back 86

unicast transmission

a method for data transfer from a source address to a destination address

Front 87

virus

Back 87

virus

a sample of code that spreads from one device to another by attaching itself to other files

Front 88

waveform

Back 88

waveform

the graphical representation of a signal

Front 89

workgroup

Back 89

workgroup

see peer-to-peer network

Front 90

worm

Back 90

worm

code that spreads from one device to another on its own, not by attaching itself to another file