Nervous System: Exercise Physiology

Front 1

Name the structural divisions of the nervous system

Back 1

CNS or PNS

Front 2

What are the functional divisions of the nervous system?

Back 2

Sensory and Motor

Front 3

Differentiate between a neuron and a nerve

Back 3

a neuron is the same as a nerve cell. A neuron can be sensory or motor. A nerve is a bundle of neurons which can be both sensory and motor

Front 4

Which of the motor pathways of the nervous system are voluntary and involuntary?

Back 4

The somatic division of the moror division is voluntary except for reflexes. The autonomic division is involuntary.

Front 5

How do sensory neurons enter the spinal cord and motor neurons exit?

Back 5

Sensory enter the cord at the dorsal horn. Moor originate from motoneuron cell bodies in the ventral horn and pass through teh white matter before leaving the cord.

Front 6

Dendrites

Back 6

processes specialized for receiving and integrating signals from other nerve cells

Front 7

Axon

Back 7

a process which is specialized for conducting signals form one nerve cell to another. Each nerve cell has one axon.

Front 8

Excitation Threshold

Back 8

The voltage difference between a neuron抯 interior and exterior that, if exceeded, causes the neuron to fire. This voltage is about -55 millivolts in mammals. If the voltage reaches this threshold (from a "resting" voltage of -70 millivolts), the neuron抯 membrane destabilizes, leading to an action potential.

Front 9

Cholinergic Receptors

Back 9

Nicotinic, Muscarinic

Front 10

Proprioception

Back 10

the process by which the body can vary muscle contraction in immediate response to incoming information regarding external forces," by utilizing stretch receptors in the muscles to keep track of the joint position in the body.

Front 11

Purpos of the golgi tendon organs

Back 11

Golgi tendon organs respond to excessive stretch and or stress placed on the tendon. The result is a reflexive inhibition of the associated skeletal muscle.

Front 12

The 3 responses to activation of the muscle spindle ... reciprical inhibition

Back 12

1. contraction of the stretched muscle, 2. contraction of the muscle spindle, 3. inhibition of the antagonistic muscle. The purpose of the muscle spindle is to reflexively adjust force of contraction of skeletal muscle to accommodate changes in workload.

Front 13

NE and Epi are released from:

Back 13

Post-ganglionic Sympathetic Neurons, and Adrenal Medulla... binds to B1, B2, B3, Alpha

Front 14

ACh released from:

Back 14

Somatic motor neurons, pre-ganglionic parasympathetic and pre-ganglionic sympathetic neurons, sympathetic neurons, post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons, post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons.

Front 15

Somatic Motornueron:

Back 15

Always causes exitation and results in contraction of skeletal muscle