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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neums
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-Ancient Notation System
-Clefs indicate relative pitches |
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Medieval Text Setting (3 Kinds)
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-Syllabic (one note per syllable)
-Neumatic (a cross between syllabic and melismatic) -Melismatic (many notes per syllable) |
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Guido de Arezzo
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-Wrote Mircrologus (ca.1025-28)
-Guidonian Hand |
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Authentic Church Modes
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1. Even numbered
2. Tenor (dominant) is a 5th above: most important note after the final. (Exception: in cases where tenor would be 'B', next note is used instead.) Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian |
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Plagal Church Modes
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1. Odd numbered
2. Begin a 4th below corresponding authentic mode 3. Add "hypo" before mode name |
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Ordinary of Mass
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Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei,
(Kissing Girls Creates Some Amore) |
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Proper of Mass
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Introit, Collects, Epistle, Gradual, Alleluia/Tract, Sequence, Gospel, Offertory, Preface, Communion, Post-Communion
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Methods of Performing Chant
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-Antiphonal: alternating choirs
-Responsorial: alternating soloist and choir -Direct: without alternation |
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Canonical Hours/Offices
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-Matins, Lauds, Prime, Terce, Sext, None, Vespers, Compline
(Mean Little Princes Take Shits. Not Very Cool) -Most musically important were matins, lauds, and vespers |
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Vox organalis vs. Vox principalis
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-In early organum, vox principalis was the main tune (as in principle) and vox organalis was the newer polyphonic material (as in organum)
-vox organalis usually written a 4th or 5th below principalis |
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Parts of an Isorhythmic Motet
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- Talea; repeated rhythmic material
- Color; repeated melodic material |
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Movement of voices in organum
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-Parallel (both move in same direction)
-Contrary (both move in different directions) -Oblique (one moves, the other remains static) |
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Franconian Motet
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-Developed by Franco of Cologne (1250 - 1280)
-Set in rhythmic modes -Triplum often had longer text and more sustained line than motetus |
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Discant
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Two parts written in similar rhythm
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Clausula
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Short phrases are in modal rhythms (note against note)
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Substitute Clausula
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New clausulas written to substitute for older ones
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Formes Fixes
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Virellais, Rondeux, Ballade
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Trecento
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-Italian music of the 14th century
-Contained genres Madrigal (pastoral music with stanzas set to same music and ritornellos set to different music), Caccia (two voices in cannon unison), and Ballata (monophonic dance songs with choral refrains) |
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Music Printing Innovations
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-Petrucci; first to use triple impression, first to print polyphonic music
-Attaingant; used double impression |
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Fauxbourdon
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-Melody in treble
-2 voices in parallel 6ths and 3rds -resembles english discant (except in English discant, melody was in bottom voice) |
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Renaissance
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-New perspectives on humanism
-New emphasis on classical learning (greek and latin) |
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Concerto Della Donna
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-Group of female singers
-Lit. "Group of Women" |
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Harpsichord and Clavichord
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-Two keyboard instruments
-Harpsichord used quills to pluck strings -Clavichord uses metal bar to strike strings |
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Reformation
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-Start of protestantism
-Luthor's 95 thesis (Wittenburg) -Calvinism (france) |
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Counter-Reformation
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-Council of Trent (1545-1563)
-Catholic response to reformation -Reduced many of the excesses of polyphonic music of the time (undiscernable text, use of secular tunes, etc) |
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Martin Luthor
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-Founder of Lutheranism
-Used chorales in Lutheran services -Chorales = strophic congressional hymn, text in vernacular (german) |
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John Calvin
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-Founder of Calvinism
-Used psalters (musical settings from the book of psalms) in calvinist settings |
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Mass and Motet in relationship to religion during the Counter Reformation
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-Main religious music of Catholic Church
-Motet used for special occasions |
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Service and Anthem
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-Music used in Anglican church services
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