Microbio: Cell Structure And Function From Chapter 4 Of The Brock Micrbio Text

Front 1

ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) transportter

Back 1

A membrane transport system consisting of three proteins, one of which hydrolyzes ATP, to transport specific nutrients into the cell

Front 2

Capsule

Back 2

a polysaccharide or protein outermost layer, usually rather slimy, present on some bacteria

Front 3

Chemotaxis

Back 3

Directed movement of an organism toward (positive) or away from (negative) a chemical gradient

Front 4

Cytoplasmic membrane

Back 4

the permeability barrier of the cell, separating the cytoplasm from the environment

Front 5

Endospore

Back 5

A highly heat-resistant, thick-walled, differentiated structure produced by certain gram-positive Bacteria

Front 6

Flagellum

Back 6

A long, thin cellular appendage capable of rotation in prokaryotic cells and responsible for swimming motility

Front 7

Gas vesicles

Back 7

Gas-filled cytoplasmic structure bounded by protein and conferring buoyancy on cells

Front 8

Gram-negative

Back 8

A prokaryotic cell whose cell wall contains small amounts of peptidoglycan, and an outer membrane, containing lipopolysaccharide, lipoprotein, and other complex macromolecules

Front 9

Gram-positive

Back 9

A prokaryotic cell whose cell wall consists chiefly of petidoglycan and lacks the outer membrane of gram-negative cells

Front 10

Group Translocation

Back 10

an energy-dependent transport process in which the substance transported is chemically modified during the tranport process.

Front 11

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Back 11

lipid in combination with polysaccharide and protein, which forms the major portion of the outer membrane in a gram-negative Bacteria

Front 12

Magnetosomes

Back 12

particles of magnetite (Fe3O4) organized into nonunit membrane-enclosed structures in the cytoplasm of magnetotactic Bacteria

Front 13

Morphology

Back 13

The SHAPE of a cell: rod, cocus, spirillum, and the like

Front 14

Outer Membrane

Back 14

a phospholipid and polysaccharide containing unit membrane that lies external to the peptidoglycan layer in cells of gram-negative Bacteria

Front 15

Peptidoglycan

Back 15

A polysaccharide composed of alternating repeats of acetylglucosamine and acetlymuramic acid arranged in adjacent layers and cross-linked by short peptides

Front 16

Periplasm

Back 16

a gel-like region between the outer surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and the inner surfance of the lipopolysacharide layer of gram-negative Bacteria

Front 17

Peritichorous

Back 17

A pattern of flagellation where flagella are located in many places around the surface of the cell

Front 18

Phototaxis

Back 18

Movement of an organism toward light

Front 19

Polar

Back 19

In reference to flagellation, having flagella emanating fromone or both poles of the cell

Front 20

Poly-Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (PHB)

Back 20

A common storage material prokaryotic cells consisting of a polymer of B-Hydroxybutyrate or anotgher B-alkanoic acid or mixtures of B-alkanoic acids

Front 21

Protoplast

Back 21

An osmotically protected cell whose cell wall has been removed

Front 22

Resolution

Back 22

The ability to distinguish two objects as distinct and separate

Front 23

S-Layer

Back 23

An outermost cell surface layer composed of protein or glycoprotein present on some Bacteria or Archaea

Front 24

Sterols

Back 24

Hydrophobic heterocyclic ringed molecules that stregthen the cytoplasmic membrane of eukaryotic cells and a few prokaryotes.