Med Surg

Front 1

TBW

Back 1

Front 2

ICF

Back 2

Intracellular fluid=2/3 TBW

Front 3

ECF

Back 3

Extracellular fluid=1/3 tbw

Front 4

What is ECF comprised of?

Back 4

ISF and IVF

Front 5

ISF

Back 5

Interstitial fluid=3/4 ECF

Front 6

IVF

Back 6

Intravascular fluid=1/4 ECF=blood

Front 7

What is blood made of?

Back 7

Water with molecules (plasma), electrolytes, blood cells, blood proteins

Front 8

Name the 3 blood proteins and functions

Back 8

Albumin=responsible le for colloid osmotic pressure

Fibrinogen=responsible for blood clotting

Globulins=responsible for immune functiln

Front 9

Serous fluid

Back 9

Clear fluid without pus, etc

Front 10

Sanguinous fluid

Back 10

Blood

Front 11

Serosanguinous fluid

Back 11

Pinkish, mix of blood and serous fluid

Front 12

Purulent

Back 12

Thick, cloudy, or tan fluid

Front 13

Osmotic pull

Back 13

Blood proteins (albumin) in intravascular fluid pull water and electrolytes back in when there are too many proteins and not enough water

Front 14

Hydrostatic pressure

Back 14

Push from heart to move fluid out from capillary walls

Front 15

Organ responsible for ECF regulation

Back 15

Kidney

Front 16

Cardiac output

Back 16

Amount of blood pumped by heart through intravascular system per minute. Normal=4-6 L per minute

Front 17

Cardiac output (CO) equation

Back 17

Stroke volume * Heart rate(SV*HR)

Front 18

Stroke volume

Back 18

Blood being pumped out per beat [60-80cc avg]

Front 19

1 L = ?ml

Back 19

1000 or cc

Front 20

Average urine output daily

Back 20

1500 cc daily

Front 21

Anuria

Back 21

No urine output

Front 22

Oliguria

Back 22

Limited urine output

Front 23

Fluid volume overload

Back 23

Body is unable to get rid of fluid (renal or heart failure)

Front 24

Fluid volume deficit

Back 24

Body cannot retain fluids (renal failure)

Front 25

1 L=?kg

Back 25

1

Front 26

Normal osmolality

Back 26

270-295 mosm/kg, +/- , of body weight

Front 27

Osmolarity vs osmolality

Back 27

Osmolarity= measuring # of solutes to water using liters. mOsm/L

Osmolality= measuring # of solutes to water using weight (kg) mOsm/kg

Front 28

What balances colloid osmotic pressure (big m&ms pulling water back across capillary)?

Back 28

Hydrostatic pressure from the heart (pushes little m&ms out)

Front 29

1 oz= ? Cc

Back 29

30

Front 30

Pitting measurements

Back 30

+1 pitting edema=less than 1/4 inch

+2=1/4-1/2 inch

+3=1/2-3/4 inch

+4=3/4-1 inch

Front 31

Osmosis

Back 31

Movement of water across semipermeable membrane. Goes with the concentration gradient. Passive transport, seeking equilibrium of water

Front 32

Diffusion

Back 32

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Passive transport seeking equilibrium of solvents

Front 33

Hormone regulating ECF sodium balance

Back 33

Aldosterone

Front 34

Hormone regulating excretion of water in urine

Back 34

Antidiuretic hormone

Front 35

Hormone under stress that causes increased urination and decrease of cardiac workload

Back 35

Atrial natriuretic peptide (anp)

Front 36

Normal pulse

Back 36

60-100 bpm

Front 37

Define systolic

Back 37

Average arterial pressure in contraction

Front 38

Define diastolic

Back 38

Minimum arterial pressure during relaxation

Front 39

What does MAP indicate

Back 39

Average arterial pressure in 1 cardiac cycle

Front 40

Normal MAP and how to calculate

Back 40

70-105 mmHg, systolic B/P plus (2*diastolic)/3

Front 41

ADH

Back 41

Made in hypothalamus, stored in posterior pituitary. Causes body to retain water though less urination, thus restoring blood volume. Low blood volume, secrete ADH to retain water. High blood volume, decrease ADH to urinate more, less concentrated pee

Front 42

ANP

Back 42

Comes from atrial cells. Blocks aldosterone and ADH to Jumpstart vasodilation. Lowers BP

Front 43

Aldosterone

Back 43

??

Front 44

Crystalliod IV

Back 44

Solutions with fluids and electrolytes

Front 45

Colloid IV

Back 45

Contains albumin or dextrin or blood

Front 46

Insensible losses of fluid

Back 46

About 1000cc per day, sweat, fecal, lung/skin

Front 47

Daily baseline fluid requirements

Back 47

25-30 ml/kg/day

20-25 if overweight

15% more for every 1 degree C rise in fever

Front 48

Active transport

Back 48

Pushing substances across gradients. Na/k+ pump

Front 49

Dextran

Back 49

Antithrombotic, reduces blood viscosity

Front 50

Total parenteral nutrition(TPN) vs partial parenteral nutrition (ppn)

Back 50

Patient receives either all or part of daily nutrition via IV. TPN is very solute dense and must go on a central line like jugular (risks can include collapsed lung). PPN is less solute dense and can go in peripheral vein

Front 51

Enteral feeding vs parenteral feeding

Back 51

Feed someone through their GI tract vs feed any other route than digestive tract)

Front 52

Keofeed or doboff

Back 52

Feed through nasal tube into stomach. (Can also take fluid out of stomach with larger lumen)

Front 53

G tube

Back 53

Gastronomy tube surgically placed in stomach

Front 54

Risks of enteral feeding

Back 54

Aspiration, diarrhea, high gastric residuals, dehydration, refeeding syndrome

Front 55

Sensible fluid losses

Back 55

Urine and stool

Front 56

Insensible losses of fluid

Back 56

Respiration, sweat, evaporation off skin

Front 57

Skin integrity

Back 57

Burn patients at risk for fluid deficit

Front 58

Skin tugor

Back 58

Picking at skin to see tenting and how long it takes to return to normal state

Front 59

Buccal moisture

Back 59

Detected by gum glistening inside lower lip. FVD indicated also by tongue dryness

Front 60

Symptom of FEV

Back 60

Lung crackling, shortness of breath, cough, S3 heart sound

Front 61

Hypervolmeia vs hypovolemia

Back 61

Distended veins, FEV vs slow filling veins, FDV

Front 62

JVD

Back 62

jugular vein distension, associated with right ventricular failure. When the right heart fails, blood backs up in systemic circulation leading to this and edema

Front 63

1 kg=?cc

Back 63

1000

Front 64

Elevated BUN and creatine = ?

Back 64

Fluid deficit. Super elevated and it's azotemia

Front 65

Urine output daily

Back 65

.5 ml/kg/hr