Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How do you test for intraocular pressure?
|
Tonipen testing-touch pen to eye.
For glaucome. |
|
|
Normal signs of aging in the eye?
|
Light yellow sclera, slow pupil recovery, gray ring around the iris
|
|
|
What is an eye symptom NOT associated with normal signs of aging?
|
Photophobia
|
|
|
How do you assess for accomodation of the eyes?
|
Watch pupils dilate and constrict as move object closer/distant
|
|
|
What is a good patient teaching for the eyes regarding the eyes?
|
Wear sunglasses that protect from UV light to prevent development of cataracts.
|
|
|
What is the average time a person blinks their eyes per minute?
|
15 per minute. If less, add eye drops or artificial tears.
|
|
|
What is the term for loss of the central area of vision assoc. with aging?
|
Macular degeneration
|
|
|
What are two tests for visual acuity?
What do they test? |
Snellen-far
Rosenbaum/Yagar-near |
|
|
If a patient has presbyopia, what vision test do you use?
|
Rosenbaum
|
|
|
When asking about sleeping habits and a patient says they sleep with the radio on,what do you ask about?
|
Tinnitus-ringing of the ears
|
|
|
What test is used for hearing? Describe it.
|
Rinne test-tests air conduction vs. bone conduction hearing
|
|
|
In a Rinne test, what are normal results?
|
Air conduction is 2X longer than bone.
|
|
|
In normal aging, what are the results of a Rinne test?
|
Often presbycusis, bone is longer than air
|
|
|
If a person wears bifocal glasses, what eye problems are they correcting?
|
Myopia, Presbyopia-near and distant vision
|
|
|
A patient is in an MVA and wears contacts. You must assess vision. What do you do first?
|
Remove the contacts.
|
|
|
How do you walk with a blind person?
|
Walk 1 step and slightly to the side of the person with their hand on your elbow. Warn them of height changes.
|
|
|
How do you prevent spread of eye diseases between eyes or other people?
|
Wash hands often. Now swapping washcloths, avoid eye touching or dropper touching. No cosmetics.
|
|
|
A patient is having cataract surgery. What do you do before surgery?
|
Assess vision in other eye before surgery.
|
|
|
After cataract removal surgery, what teaching do you address?
|
For the patient, how to correctly add eyedrops to eye
|
|
|
What are the s/s of retinal detachment?
|
No pain
Loss of central and peripheral vision light flashes-go now to ER! |
|
|
What are some everyday causes of IOP?
|
lifting, coughing, sneezing, straining during bowel movements
|
|
|
What are some workrelated preventable causes of hearing damage?
|
loud workplace, loud music, guns
|
|
|
What are some frequently used drugs that cause ototoxicity?
|
Gentomycin, tobomycin, aspirin, lasix
|
|
|
What is a nursing diagnosis appropriate for Meniere's disease?
|
Risk for falls r/t ms
|
|
|
With an older patient, how do you best communicate with them?
|
Drop voice, slower speech, face them
|
|
|
What is the best way to fit a hearing aid?
|
Go to a quiet environment to experiment with the volume. Turn up volume until they can hear.
|
|
|
What are cochlear implants used for?
|
Sensinuero hearing loss
|
|
|
A patient is in respiratory distress. What is the FIRST action?
|
Focus on respiratory system. Do not try to complete a full assessment. Do that later.
|
|
|
What is the proper position for a thoracentesis?
How much s/b removed? |
Sit up, lean on table.
Remove 1 L of fluid from pleural area |
|
|
A patient is in metabolic acidosis and is diabetic. What would you expect to observe?
|
Kussmaul's respirations-rapid, deep breathing to blow off excess CO2
|
|
|
How does smoking affect the lung action?
|
Kills the ciliary action and mucociliary action to clear the lungs
|
|
|
What are the normal blood gas values?
|
pH 7.35-7.45
pCO2 35-45 HCO3 22-26 |
|
|
A person with COPD exhibits a barrel chest. Why?
|
The alveoli are overinflating because of air trapping
|
|
|
How do you perform tactile fremitus?
|
Stand behind the patient. Place the hand on the top of the patients back, asking them to say 99,move down
|
|
|
What do you check before a bronchoscopy is performed?
|
gag reflex
|
|
|
Assess high pitch blowing sound in the lung bases.
|
Bronchial sounds s/b heard in bronchials not bases.
|
|
|
pneumonia.
|
Wheezes
|
|
|
Norms of:
arterial pressure oxygen saturation of blood |
O2 80-100%
SaO2 95-100% |
|
|
What is a CT uses to rule out regarding the lungs?
|
Pulmonary embolis
|
|
|
What should you ask a patient BEFORE performing a CT?
|
allergies to iodine or shellfish
Used in contrast media. |
|
|
What should you educate the postop rhinoplasty patient regarding positions?
|
45 degrees head elevation for 48 hours sitting to decrease swelling
|
|
|
How do you immediately stop a nosebleed?
|
Lean forward, pinch soft end of nose and apply direct pressure
|
|
|
How do you treat allergic rhinitis?
|
Identify allergen and avoid it.
|
|
|
Patient has an upper respiratory infection. How do you prevent a secondary infection?
|
high intake of oral fluids, watch change of sputum color, give tylenol for discomfort, nasal spray 3 days only
|
|
|
When assessing apnea, what do you ask?
|
CPAP machine? Use how often?
|
|
|
What action do you perform before patient suctioning?
|
Hyperoxygenation then suction 10-15 seconds.
|
|
|
Regarding sunctioning, which body areas are clean, which are sterile?
|
clean-oral/mouth
sterile-trachea, lungs |
|
|
What action do you do before deflating the trach tube?
|
Suction first.
|
|
|
What behavior increases the chance of laryngeal cancer?
|
alcohol use
(smoking) |
|
|
A patient had a radical neck dissection. What is the highest nursing priority?
|
Airway-maintain patency
|
|
|
Education of nasal inhaler use.
|
Blow nose before beginning. Squirt to side on inside of nostril. Then breath out of mouth.
|
|
|
A patient has a nonproductive cough with sputum. What is their nursing diagnosis?
|
Ineffective airway clearance
|
|
|
How do you promote airway clearance of a pneumonia patient?
|
Encourage coughing with a pillow splint at lung level while coughing
|
|
|
A patient has 89% OSat, pneumonia, weak, needs assistance out of bed. What is priority?
|
Impaired gas exchange
|
|
|
What are some nursing education topics for prevention of recurring pneumonia?
|
Vaccination, deep breathing, coughing
|
|
|
How do you prevent aspiration pneumonia?
|
Turn pt on lateral side to prevent swallowing.
|
|
|
What makes a person at risk for aspiration?
|
Change in LOC, impaired swallowing, GERD
|
|
|
When is a patient with TB considered non-contagious anymore?
|
After 3 consecutive negative sputums
|
|
|
How to prevent TB transmission?
|
Frequent hand washing
Use tissues 1X Cover mouth when coughing |
|
|
How is B6 beneficial regarding TB?
|
Prevents peripheral nerve damage
|
|
|
How do you encourage a homeless person to get the series of meds to treat TB?
|
Offer food with meds.
|
|
|
What education do you give a 40PPY smoker?
|
Smoking cessation
|
|
|
A patient has chronic bronchitis. What is an observable goal of treatment reached?
|
Cough, productive
|
|
|
What is the characteristic to confirm CHRONIC bronchitis?
|
Bronchitis that happened 2+ times in consecutive years
|
|
|
What is the purpose of pursed lips breathing?
|
Helps blow off CO2 and prevent collapse of airway, prevent airtrapping
|
|
|
What is cor pulmonale?
|
Right sided heart failure. Symptoms observed are JVD, ascites, edema
|
|
|
What is an observable symptom of an acute asthma attack?
|
Wheezing
|
|
|
How do you treat wheezing?
|
Maintain airway--Give meds-bronchidilator
|
|
|
A COPD patient states they can't do anything for self anymore. What would be a dx?
|
Ineffective coping r/t loss of independence
|
|
|
A Cystic Fibrosis patient experiences lung tightening and secretions. What is an intervention?
|
Chest physiotherapy
|
|
|
A patient has an acute asthma attack. What is intervention?
|
Give albuteral ASAP
|
|
|
What would be a dietary intervention for COPD patient?
|
High calorie, small, frequent meals
|
