Med Surg Chapter 4

Front 1

What are the advantages of current technological advances in surgery

Back 1

Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Procedures have replaced many "open" surgeries, with Laproscopic: less trauma, small openings, quicker surgery, less pain, less inflammation responses and faster recovery.

Front 2

What are the advantages of current technological advances in surgery

Back 2

Endoscopic surgery: uses instruments to view interior structures of the body.

Front 3

What are the advantages of current technological advances in surgery

Back 3

Robotics: computerized mechanical instruments provides less invasive and less traumatic procedures. Robots camera has up to 12 times that of normal vision to view. BIG ADVANTAGE is that robots have "rock-steady hands"

Front 4

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 4

Diabetes: surgery can cause glucose levels to swing, healing takes longer, high risk for infection, Liver and Kidney disease makes it more difficult to metabolize and eliminate anesthesia and waste products

Front 5

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 5

Older age: healing is slower, risk for hypostatic pneumonia, and thrombus formation

Front 6

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 6

very young age: infants have a hard time with temperature control and circulation, high risk for dehydration

Front 7

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 7

Malnutrition: poor wound healing and skin breakdown

Front 8

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 8

Dehydration, obesity, drugs( aspirin, anti-inflammatory) increase risk for bleeding, excessive fear, smoking ( atelectasis, pneumonia, thrombus formation)

Front 9

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 9

respiratory disease (secretions, inflammation, and impared carbon dioxide exchange can cause acid base imbalance

Front 10

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 10

substance abuse or alcohol: alters reaction to anesthesia, withdrawl symptoms

Front 11

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 11

Liver disease: interferes with normal blood clotting, and the liver can't detoxify anesthetics and other drugs

Front 12

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 12

Peripheral vascular: poor circulation is risk for thrombus formation and pressure sores on lower legs and feet

Front 13

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 13

Cardiovascular: hypertension, CHF, or other cardiac are at high risk for Myocardial Infarction from surgery and anesthesia

Front 14

Identify the types of patients most at risk for surgical complications , why are they?

Back 14

Obesity: they dont breathe as deeply, risk for hypostatic pneumonia, excessive fat also has poor wound healing

Front 15

CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS

Back 15

Jehovas witness patients will not accept blood transfusions from another person, they believe there are eternal consequences. Bloodless surgery is now available for them

Front 16

ELDER CARE POINTS

Back 16

Patients over 75 have three times higher risk of surgical complications due to decline in cardiac, respiratory, renal, also can't handle stress of surgery. Impaired renal, hepatic, respiratory, and cardiac puts them at risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Front 17

Define Perioperative

Back 17

caring for the patient before, during, and after surgery

Front 18

SAFETY ALERT!

Back 18

Latex allergies, keep everything latex free even rubber stoppers on medication bottles or IV containers can be a problem

Front 19

CRITICAL THINKING
Why would a localized infection be a contraindication for surgery in some instances?

Back 19

because if there is already an infection it has a risk for spreading during surgery from the local infected site to deeper tissues

Front 20

CORTICOSTEROIDS*******

Back 20

Important to know if a patient is on a corticosteroids: because it can delay wound healing, alter fluid and electrolytes, and effect metabolic functions, these factors increase surgical risk

Front 21

Prostesis

Back 21

artifical body part

Front 22

ELDERLY CONCERNS

Back 22

Older patients who are depressed are at high risk for complications for surgery due to their motivation for recovery is often low, be sure they have someone to help after surgery

Front 23

Consent for surgery

Back 23

You the nurse only has to witness the patient sign the consent form, patient must be mentally competent. YOU MUST ALWAYS check the consent form has been signed before administering preoperative medications

Front 24

Plan and Implement patient/family teaching to prevent postoperative complications

Back 24

* patient will be prepared for surgery physically and emotionally
* able to demonstrate deep breathing, coughing, and leg exercises

Front 25

Plan and Implement patient/family teaching to prevent postoperative complications

Back 25

* able to verbalize understanding of the procedure and postoperative period
* able to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance throughout the perioperative period

Front 26

Stasis

Back 26

Slowing of blood

Front 27

Thrombophlebitis

Back 27

Blood clot and inflammation of a vessel

Front 28

Asians and Chinese Patients

Back 28

metabolize drugs differently than other ethnic groups , monitor closely