Marine Biology Chapter 5 Test

Front 1

a sheath of tissue surrounding the organs of a mollusk, producing the mollusk’s shell and performing respiration

Back 1

mantle

Front 2

an organ covered with hundreds of small teeth, used for scraping food into the mouths of mollusks

Back 2

radula

Front 3

a derivative of carbohydrates that provides both flexibility and support

Back 3

Chitin

Front 4

a circulatory system in which blood flows out of the blood vessels and into body cavities, where it comes in direct contact with cells

Back 4

open circulatory system

Front 5

a circulatory system in which the blood always remains in vessels

Back 5

closed circulatory system

Front 6

the process of shedding an exoskeleton and replacing it with a new one

Back 6

molting

Front 7

the anterior part of an arthropod body, consisting of a head and other body segments fused together

Back 7

cephalothorex

Front 8

an armored shield that covers the anterior portion of crustaceans

Back 8

carapace

Front 9

a network of water-filled canals in echinoderms, used for locomotion and feeding

Back 9

water vascular system

Front 10

a channel along the oral surface of echinoderms through which the tube feet protrude

Back 10

ambulacral groove

Front 11

a flexible supportive rod that runs the length of the body of the chordates

Back 11

notochord

Front 12

a long bundle of nerve cells located along the dorsal part of an organism’s body

Back 12

dorsal nerve chord

Front 13

Explain the pentamerous symmetry of the echinoderms?

Back 13

type of radial symmetry and have 5 radiating arms

Front 14

In an aquarium, you see a recently eaten clam with its shell open and much of its internal body part is missing. The only other organism in the aquarium is a starfish. Could this animal have eaten the clam? How did it penetrate the clam’s hard shell?

Back 14

its stomach comes out of its mouth and sucks in the food and then it comes back in

Front 15

A brittle star is being attacked by a hungry fish that has a hold of one of its arms. The brittle star instinctively releases its arms and crawls away, avoiding getting eaten. Why was it so willing to detach its arms?

Back 15

a defense mechanism- it can let go of a part of its body to get away from predators and then it will grow back

Front 16

What are some of the strategies that enable the gametes of echinoderms to more likely come in contact with one another when they are released into the water column?

Back 16

gametes are released during a short season; individuals of the same species are going to release gametes when there are like species in the area

Front 17

Tunicates do not have a notochord in their adult forms. What feature gives their bodies support?

Back 17

they have a leather like tunic covering for support

Front 18

The member of the phylum Chordata are a very diverse group of organisms. What are two similarities among all these animals?

Back 18

dorsal never cord & notochord

Front 19

A diver sees a rounder organism on the sea floor that has two openings. Water flows in and out of the opening. The diver says it is a sponge. What else could it be?

Back 19

sea squirt

Front 20

What is the purpose of the atrial cavity in a lancelet?

Back 20

collects water that the land slit takes in for filtering and sends it out the body through the atriopore