Joints And Ligaments

Front 1

little movement is required, union is short, direct and often transitory.

Back 1

Fibrous Joint

Hint 1

also known as a synarthrosis

Front 2

permits only limited movement e.g. compression or stretching

Back 2

Cartilaginous Joint

Hint 2

formerly known as an ampiarthrosis

Front 3

facilitates mobility. permits the greatest degree of movement and are the most commonly involved in dislocations.

Back 3

Synovial Joint

Hint 3

formerly known as diarthrosis

Front 4

fibrous joint with a considerable amount of intervening connective tissue.

e.g. the attachment of the hyoid apparatus to the temporal bone.

Back 4

Syndesmosis

Front 5

fibrous joint that is confined largely to the flatbones of the skull.

Back 5

Suture

Front 6

articulates by means of reciprocally alternating processes and depression. e.g. parieto-occipital and interparietal

Back 6

Serrated Suture

Hint 6

type of suture

Front 7

articulates by overlapping of reciprocally beveled edges. e.g. fetal cranium, frontonasal and frontomaxillary

Back 7

Squamous Suture

Hint 7

type of suture

Front 8

which bones meet an essentially right-angled edge or surface. e.g. ethmoid, most of the bones of the face

Back 8

Plane Suture

Hint 8

type of suture

Front 9

the edge of the bone fits into a fissure or recess of an adjacent bone. e.g. zygomaticomaxillary

Back 9

Foliate Suture

Hint 9

type of suture

Front 10

formed by the periodontal ligament, which attached the cementum of the tooth to the alveolar bone of the socket and permits slight movement. e.g. implantation of tooth in its socket

Back 10

Gomphosis

Front 11

Types of Fibrous Joints

Back 11

Syndesmosis, suture, and gomphosis

Front 12

Types of Suture

Back 12

Serrated, squamous, plane, and foliate suture

Front 13

What is the osseous union called?

Back 13

Synostosis

Front 14

Usually temporary and represent persistent parts of the fetal skeleton or secondary cartilage of growing bones.

Back 14

Hyaline Cartilage Joints (Primary Joints)

Hint 14

some remains throughout life

Front 15

sometimes referred to as ampiarthroses. e.g. joints of the pelvic symphysis, mandibular symphysis, sternebrae, and vertebral bodies.

Back 15

Fibrocartilaginous Joints (Secondary Joints)

Front 16

Synovial joints are characterized by......

Back 16

joint cavity, joint capsule (outer fibrous and inner synovial membrane), synovial fluid (lubricant), and articular cartilage.

Front 17

structures of synovial joints

Back 17

joint capsules, synovial fluid, articular cartilage, meniscus, and ligament.

Front 18

composed of an inner synovial membrane and an outer fibrous membrane.

Back 18

Joint capsule

Hint 18

structure of synovial joints

Front 19

lubricates the contact surfaces of synovial joints.

Back 19

synovial fluid

Hint 19

structure of synovial joints

Front 20

usually hyaline cartilage. it covers the articular surfaces of bones where its deepest part maybe calcified. it contains no nerve blood vessels.

Back 20

articular cartilage

Hint 20

structure of synovial joints

Front 21

complete or partial fibrocartilaginous plate that divides a joint cavity into 2 parts.

Back 21

Meniscus

Hint 21

also known as disc

structure of synovial joints

Front 22

a band or a cord of nearly pure collagenous tissue that unites two or more bones

Back 22

ligament

Hint 22

structure of synovial joints

Front 23

Classification of synovial joints according to the number of articulating surfaces

Back 23

simple and compound joint

Front 24

formed by a convex hemispherical head that fits into a shallow glenoid cavity or into a deep cotyloid cavity.

Back 24

ball-and-socket joint

Front 25

elongation of one surface at a right angle to the other forming an ellipse. similar to a spheroidal joint.

Back 25

ellipsoidal joint

Front 26

classification of synovial joints according to the shape or form of the articular surface

Back 26

plane, ball-and-socket joint, ellipsoidal joint, hinge joint, condylar joint, trochoid/pivot joint, and saddle joint

Front 27

articular surfaces are essentially flat. it permits a slight gliding movement.

Back 27

plane joint

Hint 27

e.g. costotransverse joint

Front 28

permits flexion and extension with a limited degree of rotation. the most movable surface of a hinge joint is usually concave.

Back 28

hinge joint

Hint 28

e.g. elbow joint

Front 29

resembles a hinge joint in its movement but differs in structure.

Back 29

condylar joint

Hint 29

e.g. temporomandibular joint and the knee joint

Front 30

chief movement is around a longitudinal axis through the bones forming the joint.

Back 30

trochoid/pivot joint

Hint 30

e.g. median atlantoaxial joint and the proximal radioulnar joint

Front 31

main movements are in planes that meet at right angles.

Back 31

saddle joint

Hint 31

e.g. interphalangeal joints

Front 32

joint movements that are brought about by the contraction of muscles that cross the joints.

Back 32

active movements

Front 33

joint movements caused by gravity or by an external force.

Back 33

passive movements

Front 34

movements capabilities of synovial joints

Back 34

flexion, extension/overextension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, and rotation

Front 35

ligaments and joints of the skull

Back 35

temporomandibular joint, intermandibular joint, joints of auditory ossicles, and joints of hyoid apparatus

Front 36

condylar joint that allows considerable sliding movement.

Back 36

temporomandibular joint

Hint 36

ligaments and joints of the skull

Front 37

the symphysis of the mandible is the median shynchondrosis uniting right and left mandibular bodies.

Back 37

intermandibular joint

Hint 37

ligaments and joints of the skull

Front 38

allow for movement of the malleus, incus, and stapes

Back 38

joints of auditory ossicles

Hint 38

ligaments and joints of the skull

Front 39

tympanohyoid cartilage articulates with the mastoid part of the temporal bone

Back 39

joints of the hyoid apparatus

Hint 39

ligaments and joints of the skull

Front 40

ligaments and joints of the vertebral column

Back 40

atlanto-occipital articulation, atlanto-axial articulation, long ligaments of the vertebral column

Front 41

yes joint. formed by the dorsolaterally extending occipital condyles and the corresponding concavities of the atlas.

Back 41

atlanto-occipital joint

Front 42

no joint. a pivot joint that permits head and atlas to rotate around a longitudinal axis.

Back 42

atlanto-axial joint

Front 43

long ligaments of the vertebral column

Back 43

nuchal ligament, supraspinous ligament, ventral longitudinal ligament, and dorsal longitudinal ligament

Hint 43

NSVD

Front 44

composed of longitudinal yellow elastic fibers that attached cranially to the caudal part of the heavy spinous process of the axis.

Back 44

nuchal ligament

Hint 44

long ligaments of the VC

Front 45

extends from the spinous process of the first thoracic vertebra to the third coccygeal vertebra.

Back 45

supraspinous ligament

Hint 45

Long Ligaments of the VC

Front 46

ventral surface of the bodies of the vertebrae

Back 46

ventral longitudinal ligament

Hint 46

long ligament of the VC

Front 47

dorsal surfaces of the bodies of the vertebrae

Back 47

dorsal longitudinal ligament

Hint 47

long ligament of the VC

Front 48

Short ligaments of the vertebral column

Back 48

interspinous ligaments, intertransverse ligaments, and yellow ligaments/interarcuate ligaments

Hint 48

IIY

Front 49

connect adjacent vertebral spines and consist of laterally compressed bands of tissue interspersed with muscle bundles of the mm. interpinalis.

Back 49

interspinous ligaments

Hint 49

short ligaments of the VC

Front 50

bundles of fibers which unite the craniolaterally directed transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.

Back 50

intertransverse ligaments

Hint 50

short ligaments of the VC

Front 51

loose, thin elastic sheets between the arches of adjacent vertebrae.

Back 51

yellow/interarcuate ligaments

Hint 51

short ligaments of the VC

Front 52

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Back 52

costovertebral joints, ligament of the head, intercapital ligament, sternocostal joints, and costochondral joints

Hint 52

CLISC

Front 53

formed by the articulation of the capitulum of each rib with costal facets of the appropriate vertebrae.

Back 53

costovertebral joints

Hint 53

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Front 54

small ligamentous band that passes from head of the rib to the lateral part of the disc.

Back 54

ligament of the head

Hint 54

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Front 55

synovial joints formed by the first 8 costal cartilages articulating with the sternum.

Back 55

sternocostal joints

Hint 55

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Front 56

homologous with the intra-articular ligaments of humans.

Back 56

intercapital ligament

Hint 56

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Front 57

joints between the ribs and the costal cartilages

Back 57

costochondrial joints

Hint 57

ligaments and joints of the ribs

Front 58

ligaments and joints of the thoracic limb

Back 58

shoulder joint, elbow joint, radioulnar joints, carpal joints, metacarpal joints, phalangeal joints, and interdigital ligaments

Hint 58

SERCMPI

Front 59

ball-and-socket joint between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus.

Back 59

shoulder joint

Hint 59

ligaments and joints of the TL

Front 60

formed by the humeral condyle with the head of the radius, the humeroradial joint, and with the semilunar notch of the ulna, the humeroulnar joint.

Back 60

elbow joint

Hint 60

ligaments and joints of the TL

Front 61

proximal radioulnar joint extends distally between the articular circumference of the radius and the radial notch of ulna. it freely communicates with the main part of the elbow joint and is regarded as a part of it.

Back 61

radioulnar joints

Front 62

what are the carpal joints?

Back 62

antebrachiocarpal joint, middle carpal joint, and carpometacarpal joint

Hint 62

ACM

Front 63

composite articulations that include proximal, distal, and intercarpal joint surfaces. as a whole, it acts as a ginglymus.

Back 63

carpal joints

Front 64

located between the distal part of the radius and ulna and the proximal row of carpal bones.

Back 64

antebrachiocarpal joint

Front 65

located between the 2 rows of the carpal bones.

Back 65

middle carpal joint

Front 66

located between the carpus and the metacarpus.

Back 66

carpometacarpal joint

Front 67

what are the metacarpal joints?

Back 67

intermetacarpal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint

Front 68

close-fitting joints between the proximal ends of adjacent metacarpal bones.

Back 68

intermetacarpal joint

Front 69

five joints formed by the distal ends of the metacarpal bones and the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges.

Back 69

metacarpophalangeal joint

Front 70

phalangeal joints

Back 70

proximal interphalangeal joints and distal interphalangeal joints

Front 71

forms a continuous superficial V-shaped ligamentous structure

Back 71

interdigital ligaments

Front 72

ligaments and joints of the pelvic limb

Back 72

sacro-iliac joint, hip joint, stifle/knee joint, ligaments of the stifle joint, tibiofibular joint, and tarsal joint

Hint 72

SHSLTT

Front 73

a combined synovial and cartilaginous joint

Back 73

sacro-iliac joint

Front 74

formed by the head of the femur articulating eith the acetabulum.

Back 74

hip joint

Front 75

a complex condylar synovial joint. freely connected with this is the femoropatellar joint located between the patella and the trochlea of the femur.

Back 75

stifle/knee joint

Front 76

ligaments of the stifle joint

Back 76

meniscal ligaments, cranial tibial ligaments, caudal tibial ligaments, femoral ligaments, intermeniscal ligaments, femorotibial ligaments, medial (tibial) collateral ligament, and lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

Front 77

what are the tibiofibular joints

Back 77

proximal tibiofibular joint and distal tibiofibular joint

Front 78

small and tightly fitting.

Back 78

proximal tibiofibular joint

Front 79

receives an extension of the synovial membrane from the lateral side of the talocrural joint.

Back 79

distal tibiofibular joint

Front 80

composite joint, the talocrural joint/ankle joint, permits the greatest degree of movement.

Back 80

tarsal joints