Immunology Exam 1

Front 1

Which Immunoglobulins are the major effectors in Neutralization of a pathogen?

Back 1

IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 & IgA

Front 2

True or False
IgM plays a minor role in the Neutralization of pathogens?

Back 2

True

Front 3

Which Immunoglobulin is the major effector in Opsonization?

Back 3

IgG1 is the major effector in opsination. IgG3 plays a role to a lesser extent

Front 4

Which immunoglobulin has the major effector function sensitization of mast cells?

Back 4

IgE

Front 5

which immunoglobulin(s) can transport across the placenta?

Back 5

Mainly IgG1 however IgG3 and IgG4 can transport across the placenta on a smaller scale,

Front 6

In terms of mean serum level, from greatest to smallest quanity, organize the Immunoglobulins?

(think Good Ass Makes Dick Expand!)

Back 6

IgG1, IgG2,IgA,IgM, IgG3, IgG4, IgD, IgE

Front 7

Which Immunoglobulin Do you find in a Pentameric Form?

Back 7

IgM

Front 8

Which Immunoglobulin is most abundant in mucosa?

Back 8

IgA

Front 9

Which Immunoglobulin do you find in the Dimeric form?

Back 9

IgA

Front 10

Which immunoglobulin has the longest Hinge region?

Back 10

IgG3

Front 11

Which Immunoglobulins are found as monomers? (one dimensional people take the GED to graduate high school!)

Back 11

IgG, IgE, IgD

Front 12

IgA is found usually in the Dimeric form consisting of what 3 things?

Back 12

2 IgA, 1 J chain and 1 Secretory component

Front 13

IgE activates what 3 cells?

Back 13

IgE activates
1) Mast cells
2) Basophils
3) Eiosinophils (mediate immunity to worms)

Front 14

what is the name of the process where B-cells undergo a mechanism that causes the production of antibodies to change from the production of IgM or IgD to IgG, IgA or IgE?

Back 14

Isotope Switching.

Front 15

In mammals there are two types of light chains on the antibody, what are they?

Back 15

lambda (λ) and kappa (κ)

Front 16

3 hotspots occur on antibodies that correlate to the point of contact with antigen. The name of these regions are the hyper variable regions. What is an alternate name for these regions?

Back 16

Complementarity-determing regions (CDR1, CDR2 & CDR3)....they are called CDR, because they provide a binding surface that is complementary to that of the antigen.

Front 17

which termini of the heavy chain give the antibody their effector function?

Back 17

the Carboxy termini of the heavy chain give the antibody its effector function.

Front 18

Name 3 distinct locations where immunoglobulin genes are found?

Back 18

1)Heavy Chain Locus
2) Lambda light chain locus
3)kappa Light chain locus

Front 19

A large number of heavy chain variable region is generated through what process?

Back 19

Somatic Recombination

Front 20

True for False
The Light chains of the antibody/immunogbulin are made up of V(variable), J(Joining) and D(Diverse) segments?

Back 20

False! Only the Heavy chains have V, D, J Segments!

(Note: Remember Old School Rapper Heavy D!)

Front 21

BESIDES SOMATIC RECOMBINATION OF VDJ OR VJ GENE
SEGMENTS, IMMUNOGLOBULIN DIVERSITY IS
GENERATED BY what other methods?

Back 21

1)Combinatoral joining, which is the of heavy and light chains in variable regions

2)Junctional Diversity: New nucleotides addeded at the recombination junctions...involves the addition of P and N
3) Point mutations in the Hypervariable (CDR regions) which is known as somatic hypermutation

Front 22

Isotype Swtiching results in antibodies having the same antigen binding sites but different ___________?

Back 22

Heavy Chain classes

Front 23

The absence of RAG proteins are one cuase of a rare syndrome called __________.

Back 23

Severe Combined Immunodeficicency (SCID). Disease is called 'combined' becuase functional B and T lymphocytes are both absent. it is sever compared with immunodeficiency in which only B cell are lacking and w/out bone marrow transplant, children with SCID die in infancy from common infection

Front 24

Whene a missense mutation produces RAG proteins with partial enzymatic activity, what syndrome arises?

(Oh Man, I can't remember this!!)

Back 24

Omenn syndrome

Front 25

What are the important allotypes for HLA-2?

(2 Doctors Double Penetrate the Dairy Queen)

Back 25

HLA-DR (Doctors)
HLA DP (Double Penetrate)
HLA-DQ (Dairy Queen)

Front 26

What is the name of the rear disease where TAP protein is nonfunctional?

Back 26

Bare lymphocyte syndrome. This occurs when TAP protein is nonfunctional thus no peptides can enter the Endoplasmic reticulum and cells of the patient have low MHC 1molecules on their surface and thus very poor CD8 T-Cell reponses to viruses and suffer from chornic respiratory infections at a young age.

Front 27

True or False,
The Erythrocyte does not lack MHC class 1?

Back 27

False, Erythrocytes is one cell type that lacks MHC class 1, a property that might facilitate its persistent infection by malaria parasites!

Front 28

Which type of Major Histocompatibility Class molecule is associated with microglia?

Back 28

Microglial cells (The macrophages of the brain) are are MHC class two positive!

Note: Most other brain cells are MHC class two negative and MHC class 1 positive.

Front 29

What is the name of the human MHC molecule?

Back 29

Human Leukoycte antigen (HLA) complex, becuase the antibodies used to identify human MHC molecules react with the white cells of the blood- the leukocytes-but not with red cells.

Front 30

Describe MHC restriction?

Back 30

When an antigen specific T cell response is restricted by the MHC type. As a consequence of MHC restrictio, a T cell that responds to a peptide presented by one MHC allotype will not respond to another peptide bound by that same MHC allotype or the same peptide bound to another MHC allotype

Front 31

T/F Neutrophils do not express MHC class 2 molecules

Back 31

True,

Front 32

What is the term used to describe, The relationship between two non identical individuals of the same species?

Back 32

Allogenic

Front 33

The ability of a B lymphocyte lineage cell to express both mu and delta heavy chains is a direct result of what process?

Back 33

Alternative Splicing

Front 34

The MHC class 1 complex is composed of which of the following?

A) Alpha Chain
B)Gamma Chain
C)Delta Chain
D) Beta Chain
E) Beta 2 Microglobulin chain

Back 34

A) alpha Chain and B) Beta 2 Microglobulin chain.

Front 35

What is the name of the malignancy that is associated with a viral infection and the transformation of T lymphocytes?

Back 35

T Cell Luekemia