Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
With regard to behavior and its determinant, the learning theory approach tends to see the main determinants of behavior as a. being inside the organism b. under mostly cognitive control c. external to the organism d. a combination of internal drives and cognitive controls |
c. external to the organism |
|
|
Which of the following is not an emphasis of the behaviorist approach? a) objectivity b) introspection c) experiments d) assessment |
b) introspection |
|
|
The goal of the behavior therapist, in working with a patient, is a) gaining insight into the reasons behind the development of pathological behavior b) overcoming the psychological "blocks" which prevent a person from developing normally c) the modification of the target behavior d) the restructuring of the patient's view of his world in such a way that he can deal with it effectively |
c) the modification of the target behavior |
|
|
Behavior theory has been used in psychiatric hospital settings to control and develop the behavior of patients through a system of applied rewards. This system has been called a) reinforcement economy b) desensitization with psychotics c) token economy d) counter conditioning |
c) token economy |
|
|
The repeated presentation of a bell with electric shock will lead to the bell becoming a) a CS b) an US c) a CR d) an UR |
a) a CS |
|
|
Situational specificity in behavior might be due to a) extinction b) generalization c) discrimination d) intermittent reinforcement |
c) discrimination |
|
|
Longstanding disgust for certain foods may be based on a) unconscious wishes b) approach-avoidance conflicts c) classical conditioning d) systematic desensitization |
c) classical conditioning |
|
|
Pavlov's classical conditioning design allowed him to investigate many important phenomena. Which of the following is not one of these phenomena? a) reinforcement b) generalization c) discrimination d) extinction |
a) reinforcement |
|
|
According to Skinner a) exploration of motivation is a worthy endeavor b) feelings are causes of behavior c) both (a) and (b) d) neither (a) nor (b) |
d) neither (a) nor (b) |
|
|
The functional analysis of behavior leads to a) an analysis of global personality characteristics b) an analysis of the functions-adaptive aspects of behavior c) the ABC assessment method d) all of the above |
c) the ABC assessment method |
|
|
According to the behaviourist approach, _________________ desensitization is an effective way of treating phobias a. phenomenal b. systematic c. generalised d. classical |
b. systematic |
|
|
Systematic desensitization treats phobias by extinguishing the link between ___________ and _________. a. US and CR b. US and UR c. CS and UR d. CS and CR |
d. CS and CR |
|
|
Which of these is NOT a part of the systematic desensitization therapy process? a. Construction of an anxiety hierarchy b. patient taught to relax c. patient is to imagine the least anxiety provoking stimuli first, working up to the most d. all of the above |
d. all of the above |
|
|
The premise of _____________ is that behaviour is directly caused by the environment a. environmental generalisation b. environmental reinforcement c. environmental determinism d. environmental systemization |
c. environmental determinism |
|
|
who's theory is that? Environmental determinism |
Skinner |
|
|
According to Skinner, there are 2 kinds of behavioural responses. These are (choose two) a. responses elicited by stimuli b. responses caused by reinforcement c. responses emitted by any organism not attributable to stimuli, known as operants d. submerged responses |
a. responses elicited by stimuli and c. responses emitted by any organism not attributable to stimuli, known as operants |
|
|
Who's theory is that? Stimuli, operants, reinforcers, generalised reinforcers |
Skinner |
|
|
Events that follow behaviours and increase probability of the response subsequently occurring are known as a. Generalised reinforcers b. reinstatement c. reciprocal d. reinforcers |
d. reinforcers |
|
|
_______________ _________________ are not recinforcers, but via there association with other reinforcers come to have reinforcement value are know as a. reinstatement reinforcers b. generalised reinforcers c. reciprocal reinforcers d. reward reinforcers |
b. generalised reinforcers |
|
|
True or false Generalised reinforcers have intrinsic value |
False (but can be reinforcers via their association with other reinforcers. Eg money is a generalised reinforcer - has no instrinsic value, but has associated value) |
|
|
Something pleasant provided as a consequence of behaviour is called a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment |
a. positive reinforcement |
|
|
Something unpleasant taken away as a consequence of behaviour is called a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment |
b. negative reinforcement |
|
|
Something unpleasant actively provided as a consequence of behaviour is called a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment |
c. positive punishment |
|
|
Something pleasant taken away as a consequence of behaviour is called
a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment |
d. negative punishment |
|
|
Which of these is an example of an aspect of a schedule of reinforcement? a. Time based b. reward based c. behaviour based d. Both a and c |
d. Both a and c |
|
|
Within a schedule of reinforcement, when reinforcers are provided at regular intervals, this is known as a. Time based reinforcement b. reward based reinforcement c. behaviour based reinforcement d. Token reinforcement |
a. Time based reinforcement |
|
|
Within a schedule of reinforcement, when reinforcers are provided each time the behaviour occurs, this is known as a. Time based reinforcement b. reward based reinforcement c. behaviour based reinforcement d. Token reinforcement |
c. behaviour based reinforcement |
|
|
The process of successive approximation involves a. rewarding only the desired behaviour b. rewarding aspects of desired behaviour that resemble the final behavioiur c. not providing any rewards d. providing an approximation of a reward such as a token economy |
b. rewarding aspects of desired behaviour that resemble the final behavioiur |
|
|
True or false Behaviourism rejects the 'disease' or 'sickness' view |
True |
|
|
According to behaviourism, Psychopathology is the result of a. adaptive behaviour patterns b. maladaptive feelings and motivations c. maladaptive reinforcement patterns d. no reinforcement occuring |
c. maladaptive reinforcement patterns |
|
|
According to behaviourism, the ABC assessment is used to a. identify the target behaviour b. identify specific environmental factors that elicit the behaviour c. identify the specific environmental factors that can be manipulated to alter the behaviour d. all of the above e. a and c only |
d. all of the above |
|
|
In ABC assessment, the ABC stands for a. antecedents; behaviour; congruence b. antecedents; behaviour; consequences c. antededents; behaviour; constructs d. antecedents; behaviour; conflation |
b. antecedents; behaviour; consequences |
|
|
According to behaviourist approaches, the ABA research design consists of which three phases? a. baseline; reinforcement; non-reinforcement b. baseline; reward; reinforcement c. behaviour; reward; non-reinforcement d. behaviour; reinforcement; reward |
a. baseline; reinforcement; non-reinforcement |
|
|
True or false Like trait approaches, behaviourism focuses on the environment and situation specificity to explain behaviour |
False |
|
|
Which of these is a focus of a behaviourist approach? a. learning processes b. internal structure c. general laws d. individual differences e. both a and d f. both a and c |
f. both a and c |
|
|
True or false The behaviourist approach focuses on experimental designs rather than case studies |
True |
