Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
When was the National Child Labor Committee established?
|
1904
|
|
|
What was the result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire?
|
Stricter building codes
Factory safety laws |
|
|
What two organizations were involved with Prohibition?
|
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Anti-Saloon League |
|
|
What did the two prominent Prohibition organizations focus on?
|
Government responsibility, rather than personal responsibility
|
|
|
Mann Act 1910
|
Made it illegal to take a woman across state lines for immoral purposes
Worked against forced/organized prostitution |
|
|
"Souls of Black Folk" - 1903
|
W.E.B. Du Bois
Collection of the achievements of African Americans |
|
|
Who was the most outspoken critic of segregation during the Progressive Era?
|
W.E.B. Du Bois
|
|
|
Niagara Movement 1905
|
W.E.B. Du Bois
Goal = to fight white supremacy in America |
|
|
What two men wrote to each other and established the NAACP?
|
Moorfield Storey
Oswald Garrison Villard |
|
|
Who was the first president of the NAACP?
|
Moorfield Storey
|
|
|
What does the NAACP stand for?
|
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
|
|
|
The NAACP was established as a result of _____________
|
race riots
|
|
|
What US Supreme Court case got rid of grandfather laws?
|
Guinn vs. US 1915
|
|
|
Socialist Party of America
|
1901 - Eugene Debs
|
|
|
IWW - Industrial Workers of the World
|
"Wobblies"
Leader: William D. "Big Bill" Haywood Goal: A social revolution that would sweep away industrial capitalism |
|
|
Henry Demarest Lloyd
|
1st muckraker
"Wealth Against Commonwealth" - 1894 |
|
|
"Wealth Against Commonwealth"
|
Henry Demarest Lloyd
An attack on the Standard Oil Company |
|
|
Lincoln Steffens
|
"The Shame of the Cities" 1904
muckraker |
|
|
"The Shame of the Cities"
|
Lincoln Steffens
Book on municipal corruption |
|
|
Ida Tarbell
|
"The History of Standard Oil" 1904
muckraker |
|
|
"The History of Standard Oil"
|
Ida Tarbell
More detailed attack on the Standard Oil Company |
|
|
Jacob Riis
|
"How the Other Half Lives"
muckraker |
|
|
What was the general goal of municipal reform?
|
More effective, efficient, and honest city government
|
|
|
City Council elections transitioned from _______ to _______
|
Voting by district; City wide elections
|
|
|
Commission Systems were established as a result of the ___________
|
Galveston Hurricane
|
|
|
What is a City Manager?
|
A full time CEO of the city
|
|
|
What did Robert E. Lee establish during the educational reform?
|
Elective classes
Honor system |
|
|
Who established elective classes and an honor system?
|
Robert E. Lee
|
|
|
Name the 3 women's colleges on par with men's colleges during this time
|
Vassar (1st)
Wellesley Smith |
|
|
What school was the first to award a PhD in America?
|
Yale
|
|
|
Robert M. La Follette
|
Wisconsin
Adopted direct primary Established a commission to regulate railroad rates Adopted a merit system for hiring state employees Limited the activities of lobbyists |
|
|
Hiram Johnson
|
California
Established legislation to regulate railroad rates Restrictions on child labor 8 hour workday for women |
|
|
Oregon System
|
Started in South Dakota - 1898
Moved to Oregon - 1920 Initiative (Petition) & Referendum (Vote) |
|
|
"To hell with the Constitution when the people want their coal"
|
Teddy Roosevelt, when dealing with a coal miner strike going nowhere
Scares the owners into cooperating with negotiations |
|
|
May 1910 - Coal miners go on strike
|
Want: 20% raise & union recognition
Get: 10% raise, but no union recognition President involved: Teddy Roosevelt |
|
|
T/F: Teddy Roosevelt believed that regulation was better than breaking monopolies
|
True
|
|
|
"Trust Buster"
|
Nickname for Teddy Roosevelt, given by JP Morgan who's monopoly (Northern Securities) was broken after refusal to cooperate with Teddy's regulation
|
|
|
"The Jungle"
|
Written by Upton Sinclair (Socialist)
Message: Capitalism is bad President involved: Teddy Roosevelt Reaction: 1906 Meat Inspection Act and the 1907 Pure Food & Drug Act |
|
|
1906 Meat Inspection Act
|
Gov't inspection of meats, with high standards of sanitation
|
|
|
1907 Pure Food & Drug Act
|
Bans impure or mislabeled food and drugs
|
|
|
"Wise Use Policy"
|
Teddy Roosevelt
Use natural resources in a wise/managed way so as to not run out |
|
|
Head of the US Forest Service
|
Gifford Pinchot
|
|
|
________________ million ares of forest set aside as a reserve by Teddy Roosevelt
|
172
|
|
|
_________ federal wildlife refugees set aside by Teddy Roosevelt
|
53
|
|
|
______ new national parks approved by Teddy Roosevelt
|
5
|
|
|
National Monuments Act 1906
|
The Grand Canyon is protected by national law as a national monument
Teddy Roosevelt |
|
|
Election of 1908
|
William Howard Taft (handpicked by Teddy Roosevelt)
|
|
|
16th Amendment
|
Established federal income tax
|
|
|
17th Amendment
|
Changed the way Senators are elected
|
|
|
The Republican Party became more _______ with Taft
|
Conservative
|
|
|
Winner of the Election of 1912
|
Democrat - Woodrow Wilson
|
|
|
The Republican Part split during the election of ______
|
1912
|
|
|
What two parties were the result of the Republican Part split during the election of 1912?
|
Bull Moose Party - Progressives following Teddy Roosevelt
Republican Party - Conservative |
|
|
What Socialist ran for President in the election of 1912?
|
Eugene Debs
|
|
|
Why was the election of 1912 unique?
|
High point for progressivism
Democrats in effective national power (Presidency & Congress) for 1st time since the Civil War South back in power Republican Party becomes conservative |
|
|
Wilson's Reforms
|
Tariff
Banking Corporate Regulation Social Politics |
|
|
Wilson's Tariff Reform
|
Underwood Simons Tariff Act 1913
Dropped about 29% (most significant reduction since the Civil War) |
|
|
Wilson's Banking Reform
|
Most important domestic act of the Wilson administration
Federal Reserve Act |
|
|
Federal Reserve Act
|
Established 12 regional federal reserve banks
Issued federal reserve notes Controlled by Federal Reserve Board Part of Wilson's Banking Reform |
|
|
Wilson's Corporate Regulation
|
Federal Trade Commission Act 1914
Clayton Antitrust Act |
|
|
Clayton Antitrust Act
|
Eliminates loopholes found in the Sherman Antitrust Act
Ends price discrimination Outlaws agreements that limit the rights of dealers to handle products of competing manufacturers |
|
|
Wilson's Social Policies
|
Keating-Owen Act
|
|
|
Keating-Owen Act
|
1st federal law to outlaw child labor
|
|
|
Nicaraugua
|
Wilson
1914 Bryan-Chamorro Treaty |
|
|
1914 Bryan-Chamorro Treaty
|
$3 million for the option of a 2nd canal (a volacno found later made a 2nd canal impossible)
|
|
|
Haiti
|
Wilson
Marines invade & take over until 1933 (Also occurred in the Dominican Republic) |
|
|
Virgin Islands
|
Wilson
"Danish West Indies" Bought for $25 million so that Germany could not buy it and establish a base |
|
|
Who did the US favor during the Mexican Revolution?
|
Venustiano Carranza
|
|
|
What port was seized by the US Navy during the Mexican Revolution?
|
Vera Cruz
|
|
|
Causes of WWI (according to the lecture)
|
Population growth in Europe
Nationalism - Militarism New technology |
|
|
Hiram Maxim
|
American - Maxim machine gun
Killed more human beings that any other type of weapon in the world |
|
|
Triple Entente
|
France, Britain, Russia
*Italy joins later |
|
|
Triple Alliance
|
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy*
"Central Powers" *Italy is a defensive alliance only. When they join the war, it is on the Triple Entente's side |
|
|
The Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand LOCATION
|
Sarajevo
|
|
|
The Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand ASSASSIN
|
The Black Hand - Serbian terrorist organization
Gavrilo Princip |
|
|
The Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand REACTIONS
|
Serbia allies with Russia
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, starting WWI |
|
|
Ottoman Empire joins ________
|
Triple Alliance/Central Powers
|
|
|
Schlieffan Plan
|
Germany's intention to whip France in 6 weeks before dealing with Russia
Battle of the Marne (stalemate) |
|
|
The Battle of the Marne brought what new technology into use?
|
Better artillery (canons)
Gas (Introduced by Germany - outlawed after WWI) Airplanes (Zeppelins & Airplanes) Tanks (Winston Churchill) Submarines |
|
|
Battle of the Somme
|
Britain plans to bombard Germans, followed immediately by troops (doesn't work)
Germany ends up slaughtering them (57,470 British casualties in one day) |
|
|
German U-Boats
|
Lusitania
Arabic (British) Arabic Pledge Sussex (French) Sussex Pledge |
|
|
Arabic Pledge
|
Germany pledges to warn ships before sinking them
|
|
|
Sussex Pledge
|
Germany pledges to cease unrestricted submarine warfare
|
|
|
National Defense Act 1916
|
Wilson
Enlarges the US Army |
|
|
Naval Construction Act 1916
|
Wilson
$500-600 million allocated for a 3 year building program for the US Navy |
|
|
Election of 1916
|
Woodrow Wilson
Intends to remain peaceful, but is prepared just in case |
|
|
February 1st, 1917
|
Germany (via a full page ad in the NY Times) announces that they will resume unrestricted submarine warfare
7 American ships sunk in the next 6 weeks |
|
|
Zimmerman Telegram
|
Zimmerman = German foreign minister
Germany is proposing an alliance with Mexico (they want Mexico to attack the US and keep us busy so we can't interfere with the war in Europe) |
|
|
April 1917
|
Congress declares war on Germany
|
|
|
War Industries Board
|
Bernard Baruch
Oversees the production of war materials |
|
|
Daylight Savings Time
|
Gives more sun at the end of the day so that people can plant a "Victory" garden and grow their own food, so that the gov't can purchase food from stores to feed the troops
|
|
|
T/F: The gov't took over telephones/telegrams before Congress declared war on Germany
|
False
|
|
|
Food Administration
|
Herbert Hoover - "cheerleader"
Increases the amount of food available for the gov't to purchase to feed the troops |
|
|
Liberty Loans/ War Bonds
|
Bonds to raise money for the war effort
|
|
|
What changes occurred in the workplace?
|
Jobs for women
|
|
|
Creel Committee/Committee on Public Information
|
Used to get our side of why we're fighting this war out to the public
|
|
|
Espionage Act 1917
|
Up to $10,000 in fines and 20 years in prison for anyone who give aid to the enemy, refuses to serve in the armed forces, or circulates false information with the intent to interfere with the war effort
|
|
|
Sedition Act 1918
|
Continues the Espionage Act, plus:
If you say, write, or print anything disloyal, profane, or abusive about the US Gov't, you can go to jail |
|
|
Schenck vs. US 1919
|
Freedom of speech (guaranteed by the 1st Amendment) does not extend to words that constitute "a clear and present danger to the safety of the country"
|
|
|
The Great Migration 1914-1920
|
500,000 African Americans migrate to the North from the South
1. Escape southern racism 2. Escape economic disaster 3. Labor needs in the North |
|
|
"Lafayette we are here!"
|
Pershing and the AEF (American Expeditionary Force) give military aid in France
"You helped us in our time of need, so now we'll help you in yours" mentality |
|
|
Bolshevik Revolution
|
V.I. Lenin takes over Russia
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Russia drops out of the war |
|
|
Spring 1918 German offensives
|
German soldiers previously fighting Russians move to fight in France
|
|
|
The Allies counterattack
|
Bellau Wood - American Marines = "Devil Dogs"
Chateau-Thierry - US Army *St. Mihel - Largest single American engagement of this war |
|
|
Sgt. Alvin York
|
Single handedly eliminated 35 machine gun positions in one day
132 German soldiers captured Medal of Honor for Bravery - US Cross of War - France |
|
|
WWI ends
|
11-11-1918
|
|
|
Wilson's 14th point
|
A "general association of nations" should be created to preserve the territorial integrity of all nations
League of nations - most controversial point |
|
|
Treaty of Versailles
|
1. Germany is forced to admit war guilt
2. Germany is forced to pay $33 BILLION in damages 3. Germany is forced to surrender its colonies 4. Germany demilitarizes the rhine land (portion of Germany closest to France) 5. Germany is limited to a 100,000 man army 6. No German Air Force 7. No German Navy |
|
|
US Senate and the Treaty
|
Rejection
|
|
|
Aftermath of WWI
|
Balfour Declaration
T.E. Lawrence "of Arabia" Sykes-Picot Agreement |
|
|
Balfour Declaration
|
The Jews have a place in Palestine (as long as it doesn't affect non-Jews)
|
|
|
T.E. Lawrence "of Arabia"
|
Tells the Arabs that if they fight the Turks, Britain will help them gain their independence
*Same time as Sykes-Picot Agreement |
|
|
Sykes-Picot Agreement
|
France & Britain agree to carve up the Middle East
*Same time as T.E. Lawrence "of Arabia"'s agreement with the Arabs |
|
|
Traumas in the Wake of War
|
Worldwide flu epidemic (Spanish flu)
High Cost of Living (Inflation - doubled in US) Red Scare (Strikes) Race Riots |
|
|
The Red Scare
|
Labor forces in the US agreed not to go on strike during the war, but the companies would have to raise their wages to meet the new cost of living once the war was over. DIDN'T HAPPEN, = STRIKES.
34 bombs sent to prominent Americans |
|
|
General Intelligence Division of the Justice Department
|
Attorney General Mitchell Palmer created it as a result of the Red Scare
Edgar J. Hoover - 1st Director Later becomes the FBI |
|
|
Why did post-WWI race riots occur?
|
During the war, the French treated African Americans as equals. After the war, back in the US, African Americans went back to being treated as second class citizens
|
|
|
Election of 1920
|
Warren G. Harding - Republican
|
