Health Assessment

Front 1

Occurs at the end of inspiration, don't clear with cough.

High-pitched, short, crackling.

Collapsed or fluid-filled alveoli open.

Back 1

Fine Rale or Crackle

Front 2

Occurs at the end of inspiration, don't clear with cough.

Loud, moist, low-pitched, bubbling.

Back 2

Coarse Rale or crackle

Front 3

Expiration, inspiration when severe.

High-pitched, continuous.

From blocked airflow as in asthma, infection, foreign body obstruction.

Back 3

Wheezes (sibilant)

Front 4

Expiration, inspiration. Change or disappear with cough.

Low-pitched, continuous, snoring, rattling.

Fluid-blocked airways.

Back 4

Ronchi (sonorous)

Front 5

Inspiration.

Loud, high-pitched crowing heard without stethoscope.

Obstructed upper airway.

Back 5

Stridor

Front 6

Inhalation, exhalation.

Low-pitched grating, rubbing.

Pleural inflammation.

Back 6

Friction rubs

Front 7

Soft vibratory sensations best assessed with either the fingertips or the palm flattened on the chest.

Back 7

Thrills

Front 8

Low-pitched sounds, like S3, S4, murmurs, and gallops are best heard with the _________.

Back 8

Bell

Front 9

A loud blowing sound.

Often associated with a narrowing or stricture of the carotid artery, usually associated with atherosclerotic plaque.

Back 9

Bruit

Front 10

Due to rheumatic fever or cardiac infection.

Murmur heard at the apical area with the client in the left lateral position.

Back 10

Mitral stenosis

Front 11

Due to congenital bicuspid valves, rheumatic heart disease, atherosclerosis.

Murmur at aortic area, RSB, second ICS.

Back 11

Aortic stenosis.

Front 12

Due to rheumatic fever, myocardial infarction, rupture of chordae tendineae.

Murmur at apex. Sound is transmitted to left axillae.

Back 12

Mitral regurgitation.

Front 13

Congenital.

Murmur at pulmonic area radiates to neck. Thrill in left second and third ICS.

Back 13

Pulmonic stenosis.

Front 14

From Rheumatic heart disease, congenital defect, right atrial myxoma.

Murmur heard with bell of stethoscope over tricuspid area.

Back 14

Tricuspid stenosis.

Front 15

May occur with pectus excavatum, often unknown.

Left lower sternal border in upright position.

Back 15

Mitral Valve prolabse.

Front 16

From rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis, marfan's syndrome, syphilis.

Murmur with client leaning forward. Click in second ICS.

Back 16

Aortic Regurgitation

Front 17

A blood pressure reading below ____ over _____ could indicate early signs of shock.

Back 17

90/60

Front 18

An ABI reading of _____ is acceptable. Above shows signs of hardening. Below shows signs of blockage.

Back 18

0.9-1.0

Front 19

_____________ test:

Determines the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries by occluding one, forming a fist, releasing a fist, and seeing whether blood returns.

Back 19

Allen's test

Front 20

_____________ test:

Evaluates valve competence in presence of varicosities. Client is supine, raises leg, tourniquet placed on thigh, client stands. Check for rapid filling of superficial veins (incompetent valves).

Back 20

Trendelenburg test

Front 21

____________ sign:

could indicate a blood clot in a deep vein in the leg, or inflammation. Could find DVT. Sharply dorsiflex the clients foot when knee is at 5 degree angle. Is there pain?

Back 21

Homans' sign

Front 22

Striae is another word for _________

Back 22

stretch marks

Front 23

Dullness in the LLQ may indicate the presence of _________.

Back 23

Stool in the colon

Front 24

During palpation for rebound tenderness, the experience of sharp stabbing pain as the compressed area returns to a non-compressed state is known as __________________.

Back 24

Blumberg's sign

Front 25

__________ sign:

Client is supine, raises leg to meet your hand slightly above their knee. Pain during this manoeuvre is a positive sign.

Back 25

Psoas

Front 26

___________ test:

while client is supine, flex the thigh at the hip, bend knee and rotate the leg internally and externally at the hip.

Back 26

Obturator test

Front 27

_________ sign:

While palpating the liver, ask pt to take a deep breath. Diaphragm ascends, pushing liver and gallbladder toward your hand. Pain indicates a positive sign, which could be cholecystitis.

Back 27

Murphy's sign.

Front 28

Elevated nitrogenous wastes in the blood. Contributes to mental confusion.

Back 28

Azotemia