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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of Phylym Chordata...
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a hollow dorsal neural tube
a notochord gill slits |
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Characteristic of Subphylum Vertebrata
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notochord is surrounded by or replaced by vertebrae.
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4 characteristics of Agnathans
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primitive
lacks jaw cartilaginous skeleton weak swimmers |
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3 Characteristics of a Placodermi
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primitive jawed fish
armored with bony external skeleton |
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4 Characteristics of Chondrichthyes
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well developed jaw
cartilaginous internal skeleton bony teeth open gill slits |
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4 characteristics of Acanthodii
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early jawed fish
streamlined ventral row of spines no bony armor plates, but some internal ossification |
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3 characteristics of Osteichtheyes
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dominant fish today
bony internal skeleton air balder |
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Two Groups of Osteichtheyes are...
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Actinopterygians(ray finned)
Sarcopterygians (lobe finned) |
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2 characteristics of Actinopterygians?
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fins comprised of hard organic material (rays)
dominant today |
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Characteristic of Sarcopterygians and example?
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pelvic and pectoral fins are fleshy and have bony central axis. Lungfish.
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characteristic of tetrapods
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bony limbs specialized for walking.
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Two major lineages of surviving tetrapods
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amphibia and amniota
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characteristics of amphibia
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have to lay eggs in water
possess gills early and then lungs moist skin that aids respiration |
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Two groups of amniota
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reptilia
synapsida |
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4 basic skull types of amniotes, how many and where holes are, example.
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anapsida none turtles
synapsida 1 below humans euryasida 1 above extinct diasida 1 above 1 below lizards and dinosaurs |
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Two types of dinosaur hips
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saurcischia (lizard)
Ornithuschia (bird) |
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What are the skull openings called and what are their purpose?
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temporal fenestrae. They allow room for the jaw muscles to expand and for improved muscle attachment
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Saurischia dinos
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theropoda, sauropodomorpha
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Ornithischia dinos
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Stegosauria, Ankylosauria, Ornithopoda, Ceratopsia, Pachycephalosauria
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theropoda
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Bipedal, carnivorous. T-Rex
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sauropodomorpha
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long neck, brachosaurous
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Stegosauria
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stegosaurous
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Ankylosauria
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four legged. well armoured. bony plates
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Ornithopoda
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unarmoured, may have walked on four legs and ran on two.
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Ceratopsia
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Triceratops
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Pachycephalosauria
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Bipedalwith thichk, bony, skull dome.
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Three lineages of flying tetrapods
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Pterosauria, Aves, Chiroptera
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Oldest bird
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Archaeopteryx
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5 mammal skull traits
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enlarged brain case
single external nare secondary plate for breathing and eating at the same time single jaw bone differentiated teeth |
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4 types of mammal teeth
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incisors
canine premolars molars |
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difference between grazer and browser molars
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grazers have flat ridged molars
browsers have crowns and cusps. |
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Mammal Classifications
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Prototheria
Allotheria Theria Metatheria Eutheria |
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Prototheria
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primitive amniote features
lay eggs platypus and anteater |
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Allotheria
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Rodent-like omnivores
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Metatheria
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Marsupials
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Eutheria
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placental mammals
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Characteristics of Platyrrhini
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New World Monkeys
found in Central and South America Tail used as fifth limb Relatively short arms lack of opposable thumb |
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Characteristics of Cercopithecoidea
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Old World Monkeys
Found in Africa and Asia Lack of prehensile tail |
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Name the epochs in the cenozoic era
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paleocene, ecocene, oligocene, miocene, pliocene, pleistocene, holocene
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Classification of humans
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K. Animalia
P. Chordata SP. Vertebrata CL. Mamalia SC. Eutheria O. Primates F. Hominidae G. Homo S. sapien |
