General Skin Assessment

Front 1

ASSESSMENT ?
Vascularity: = perfusion

Back 1

• Look for blanching
• Color
• Pulses
• Modeling-means really bad circulation. Usually means the time is near--look at the knees. Marbled purple appearance.
• Temperature -warmth
• Turgor/Mobility- hydration
• Edema- 1+ -4+
• pitting- and non-pitting
• Dependent- sacrum/lower leg, added pressure on bottom
• ANASARCA- full bodied, generalized edema. Liver failure, CHF and right-sided heart failure. Lasix
• Color--pink, pale, blue tones= inflammation/ grey for cyanosis
• Sclera- grey/brown is normal in blacks

Front 2

ASSESSMENT
Modeling-

Back 2

means really bad circulation. Usually means the time is near--look at the knees. Marbled purple appearance.

Front 3

• ANASARCA-

Back 3

full bodied, generalized edema. Liver failure, CHF and right-sided heart failure.

Fix it. Lasix

Front 4

•Dependent edema-

Back 4

sacrum/lower leg, added pressure on bottom

Front 5

alopecia

Back 5

(baldness) hair loss

Front 6

annular

Back 6

circular shape to skin lesion

Front 7

Bulla

Back 7

elevated cavity containing free fluid larger than 1 cm diameter

Front 8

Confluent

Back 8

skin lesions that run together

Front 9

Crust

Back 9

thick dried out exudate left on skin when vesicles/pustules burst or dry up

Front 10

Cyanosis

Back 10

dusky blue color to skin or mucus membranes due to increased amount of unoxygenated hemoglobin

Front 11

erosion

Back 11

scooped out, shallow depression in skin

Front 12

Erythema

Back 12

intense redness of the skin due toexcess blood in dilated superficial capillaries, as in fever or inflammation

Front 13

Excoriation

Back 13

self-inflicted abrasion on skin due to scratching

Front 14

Fissure

Back 14

linear crack in skin extending into dermis

Front 15

Furuncle

Back 15

(boil) suppurative inflammatory skin lesion due to infected hair follicle

Front 16

Hemangioma

Back 16

skin lesion due to benin proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis

Front 17

Iris

Back 17

target shape of skin lesion

Front 18

Jaundice

Back 18

yellow color to skin,palate, and sclera due to excess bilirubin in the blood Liver issues

Front 19

Keloid

Back 19

hypertrophic scar, elevated beyond site of original injury

Front 20

lichenification

Back 20

tightly packed set of papules that thickens skin, from prolonged intense scratching

Front 21

lipoma

Back 21

benign fatty tumor

Front 22

maceration

Back 22

softening of t issue by soaking

Front 23

Macule

Back 23

flat skin lesion with only a color change

Front 24

Nevus

Back 24

(mole) circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes

Front 25

Nodule

Back 25

elevated skin lesion, ? 1 cm diameter

Front 26

Plaque

Back 26

skin lesion in which papules coalesce or come together

Front 27

Pruritis

Back 27

itching

Front 28

Purpura

Back 28

red-purple skin lesion due to blood in tissues from breaks in blood vessels

Front 29

Pustule

Back 29

elevated cavit containing thick turbid fluid

Front 30

Scale

Back 30

compact desiccated flakes of skin from shedding of dead skin cells

Front 31

Telangiectasia

Back 31

skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dialat blood vessels that are visible

Front 32

Ulcer

Back 32

sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue causes a deep depression in skin, extending into dermis

Front 33

Vesicle

Back 33

elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1 cm diameter

Front 34

Wheal

Back 34

raised red skin lesion due to interstitial fluid

Front 35

Zosteriform

Back 35

linear shape of skin lesion along a nerve route think shingles

Front 36

List the 3 layers associated with the skin

Back 36

1. Epidermis- elasticin
2. Dermis connective tissue
3. Subcutaneus adipose tissue

Front 37

Describe 1 + Edema

Back 37

mild slight indentation

Front 38

Describe 2+ edema

Back 38

Pits and stays, moderate- subsides rapidly

Front 39

Describe 3+ Edema

Back 39

Pits, stays a short time

Front 40

Describe 4+ edema

Back 40

Pits stays, lasts longer > 4-5 sec.s

Front 41

Distinguish the terms primary vs secondary in reference to the skin lesions

Back 41

primary-- initial, from normal skin

secondary -- came about from another lesion

Front 42

The white lenear markings that normally are visible through the nail and on the pink nail bed are termed

Back 42

leukonychia striada

Front 43

Petichiae

Back 43

no blanch cappilaries

Front 44

Ecchymosis

Back 44

large patch of capillary bleeding

Front 45

Hematoma

Back 45

bruise you can feel.

Front 46

Select the best description of the secretion of the eccrine glands
a. thick, milky
b. dilute saline solution
c. protective lipid substance
d. keratin

Back 46

b. dilute saline solution (sweat)

Front 47

Nevus is the medical term for
a. a freckle.
b. a birthmark
c. an infected hair follicle
d. a mole

Back 47

d. a mole

Front 48

To assess for jaundice, the practitioner will assess the:
a. sclera and ucous membranes
b. nail beds
c. lips
d. all visible skin surfaces

Back 48

a. sclera and mucous membranes

Front 49

Checking for skin temperature is best accomplished by using
a. palmar surface of the hands
b. ventral surface of the hands
c. finger tips
d. dorsal surface of the hands

Back 49

d. dorsal surface of the hands Back of hand

Front 50

skin turgor is assessed by picking up a large fold of skin on the anterior chest under the clavicle. This part of the exam is done to determine the presence of
a. edema
b. dehydration
c. vitiligo
d. scleroderma

Back 50

b. dehydration

Front 51

a lesion has been noted on a client during an examination. Select the description that is most complete
a. raised, irregular lesion the size of a quarter located on the dorsum of the left hand
b. open lesion with no drainage or odor approximately 1/4 inch in diameter
c. pedunculated lesion below left scapula wit hconsistent red color, no drainage or odor
d. dark brown, raied lesion, wit hirregular border, on dorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size with no drainage

Back 51

d. dark brown, raised lesion with irregular border, ondorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size wit hno drainage.

Front 52

Nail beds should be examined for clubbinf. The normal angle between the nail base and the nail is
a. 100'
b. 140'
c. 160'
d. 180'

Back 52

c. 160' degrees

Front 53

During a routine visit, your client, aged 78, asks about small, flat, brown macules on the hands. Your best response after examining the areas is
a. these are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment.
b.theses are related to exposure to the sun. We will examine them for any changes
c. these are the skin tags that occur with aging. no treatment is required.
d. i'm glad you brought this to my attention. I will arrange for a biopsy.

Back 53

a. Theese are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment.

Front 54

Tiny, punctate red macules and papules on the cheeks, trunk, chest back and buttocks

Back 54

a

Front 55

Lower half of body turns red, uppper half blanches

Back 55

g

Front 56

transient mottling in trunk and extremities

Back 56

g

Front 57

bluish color around the lips, hands and fingernails and feet and toenails

Back 57

c

Front 58

large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation, usually present at birth

Back 58

f, cafe' au lait

Front 59

yellowing of skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to increased numbers of red blood cells hemolyzed following birth

Back 59

b. eythema toxicum??

Front 60

yellow-orange color in light-skinned persons fsrom large amounts of foods containing carotene

Back 60

e. carotenemia