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355 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The term health means a person has no contagious diseases.
Answer: True False |
False
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Water is an essential inorganic compound.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following answers contains only major minerals?
a. Chloride, sodium, and zinc b. Thiamin, pantothenic acid, and calcium c. Folate, biotin, and molybdenum d. Potassium, calcium, and sulfur e. Zinc, iron, and selenium |
d. Potassium, calcium, and sulfur
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Biological classification is a system used to group different cell types.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which answer best describes the function of lecithin?
a. Synthesis of sex hormones b. Component of cell membrane structure c. Preferred and fastest energy source d. Medium for metabolism e. Tissue repair |
b. Component of cell membrane structure
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What is the unique element in non-essential amino acids not found in fatty acids?
a. Carbon b. Oxygen c. Nitrogen d. Cobalt e. Hydrogen |
c. Nitrogen
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Which of the following is an essential nutrient?
a. Oleic acid b. Cholesterol c. Silicone d. Galactose e. Thiamin |
e. Thiamin
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Which statement most closely defines diet?
a. The kind and amount of food eaten each day b. A low carbohydrate intake program c. A route to achieving health d. A weight-loss or weight-gain program e. Nutritional adequacy in food composition |
a. The kind and amount of food eaten each day
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Milk-based food contains carbohydrate.
Answer: True False |
True
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Monounsaturated fatty acids are found the most abundantly in:
a. chicken fat. b. lard. c. coconut oil. d. almonds. e. sunflower oil. |
d. almonds.
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The cholesterol sources for the body can be exogenous and endogenous.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following answers includes characteristics of a sound diet?
a. A diet rich in animal foods b. A plant-based diet c. All of the above d. A diet with Calorie control and moderation e. A diet providing more than adequate amounts of nutrients |
d. A diet with Calorie control and moderation
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Skim milk is a low-quality protein source.
Answer: True False |
False
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Fat-soluble vitamins are organic compounds.
Answer: True False |
True
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The essential fatty acids are:
a. monounsaturated. b. omega-3 fatty acids. c. solid at room temperature. d. found in plant oils. e. found in dairy products. |
d. found in plant oils.
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Which of the following statements is false regarding adenosine triphosphate?
a. It is the ultimate form of energy. b. It is potential energy for the human body. c. It allows the human body to do work. d. It can be generated by breaking down vitamins. e. It is made by energy transfer. |
d. It can be generated by breaking down vitamins.
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What is the physiological need for food?
a. Dehydration b. Homeostasis c. Appetite d. Hunger e. Satiety |
d. Hunger
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Which statement most closely defines a Calorie?
a. Found in organic and inorganic material b. Another term for dietary fat c. A macronutrient d. The energy potential of food e. A unit used to measure nutrient density in food |
d. The energy potential of food
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Starch contains glucose units linked together by:
a. alpha bonds. b. delta bonds. c. gamma bonds. d. chi bonds. e. beta bonds. |
a. alpha bonds.
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Sterols provide:
a. 0 Calories per gram. b. 2 Calories per gram. c. 4 Calories per gram. d. 9 Calories per gram. e. 7 Calories per gram. |
a. 0 Calories per gram.
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Which of the following is false about dietary fiber?
a. It is a complex carbohydrate. b. It is found in animal foods. c. It contains beta-linked glucose units. d. It provides 0 Calories per gram. e. There is a recommend intake level for it. |
b. It is found in animal foods.
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Essential minerals are elements made by plants.
Answer: True False |
False
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Dietary protein is the preferred fuel source for the human body.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following is also known as blood sugar?
a. Sorbitol b. Sucrose c. Glucose d. Lactose e. Maltose |
c. Glucose
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If you ate a slice of white bread containing 15 grams of digestible carbohydrate, 3 grams of protein, and 1 gram of fat, approximately how many total Calories would this provide?
a. 60 Calories b. 80 Calories c. 20 Calories d. 100 Calories e. 40 Calories |
b. 80 Calories
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Which of the following is a function of minerals?
a. Provide Calories b. Support weight loss c. Maintain cell membrane bi-layers d. Promote excretion e. Regulate fluid balance |
e. Regulate fluid balance
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Combining milk and meat is an example of protein complementation.
Answer: True False |
False
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Saturated fatty acids such as stearic acid provide:
a. 7 Calories per gram. b. 4 Calories per gram. c. 9 Calories per gram. d. 0 Calories per gram. e. 2 Calories per gram. |
c. 9 Calories per gram.
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Nonessential amino acids provide 4 Calories per gram.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following is a trace mineral?
a. Potassium b. Magnesium c. Sulfur d. Iron e. Phosphorus |
d. Iron
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The over-consumption of an essential nutrient can lead to toxic signs and symptoms in the body.
Answer: True False |
True
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Soy protein provides:
a. 4 Calories per gram. b. 9 Calories per gram. c. 2 Calories per gram. d. 7 Calories per gram. e. 0 Calories per gram. |
a. 4 Calories per gram.
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Which substance below is the most calorically dense?
a. Fiber b. Triglycerides c. Starch d. Sterols e. Protein |
b. Triglycerides
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Unsaturated fatty acids chemically contain one or more double bonds between their carbon molecules.
Answer: True False |
True
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White muscle meat provides an exogenous source of cholesterol.
Answer: True False |
True
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Incomplete proteins are found in grain-based food sources.
Answer: True False |
True
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Vitamin D provides:
a. 7 Calories per gram. b. 2 Calories per gram. c. 4 Calories per gram. d. 9 Calories per gram. e. 0 Calories per gram. |
e. 0 Calories per gram.
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Alcohol is:
a. a central nervous system stimulant. b. a good source of essential nutrients. c. the most energy-dense dietary substance. d. an inorganic compound. e. a drug. |
e. a drug.
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Which answer best describes the function of fatty acids?
a. Enzyme cofactor b. Synthesis of sex hormones c. Medium for metabolism d. Tissue repair e. Energy storage and source |
e. Energy storage and source
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Triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols contain 9 Calories per gram.
Answer: True False |
False
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To be an organic compound, the compound must contain the element nitrogen.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following are essential fatty acids?
a. Oleic acid and stearic acid b. Trypthphan and glutamine c. Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid d. Cysteine and methionine e. Glutamic acid and acetic acid |
c. Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid
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Galactose is categorized as a _____ while lactose is categorized as a _____.
a. fatty acid; triglyceride b. nonessential amino acid; complex protein c. monosaccharide; disaccharide d. digestible carbohydrate; essential fatty acid e. simple sugar; fiber |
c. monosaccharide; disaccharide
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Satiety is more psychological than physiological.
Answer: True False |
False
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A trace mineral is found in amounts less than or equal to _____ in the adult reference body.
a. 5 Kilograms b. 7 grams c. 5 grams d. None of the above e. 1 milligram |
c. 5 grams
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Cholesterol can be used by the body to synthesize sex hormones.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which food below provides a source of both protein and carbohydrate?
a. Olive oil b. Egg c. Broccoli d. Chicken e. Orange |
c. Broccoli
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Which answer best describes the function of monosaccharides?
a. Building blocks for vitamins b. Medium for metabolism c. Enzyme cofactor d. Converted to adenosine triphosphate energy e. Tissue repair |
d. Converted to adenosine triphosphate energy
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What does it mean for a vitamin to be termed water soluble?
a. The vitamin is concentrated in drinking water. b. The vitamin is chemically composed of hydrogen and oxygen. c. The vitamin dissolves in water. d. The vitamin provides water for the body. e. The vitamin is synthesized in the body from water. |
c. The vitamin dissolves in water.
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Minimal water intake should be at least 1 milliliter/Calorie expended.
Answer: True False |
True
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A good food source of monounsaturated fatty acids is:
a. palm oil. b. peanut oil. c. canola oil. d. safflower oil. |
c. canola oil.
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Vegetables provide a source of incomplete, low-quality protein.
Answer: True False |
True
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Phospholipids are used to make:
a. Bone b. Fat c. Cell membranes d. Proteins e. ATP |
c. Cell membranes
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The categories of carbohydrate are:
a. essential and nonessential. b. simple and complex. c. high quality and low quality. d. soluble and insoluble. |
b. simple and complex.
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How much water intake is needed to stay in water balance?
a. 1.5 milliliters per Calorie expended b. 1.0 milliliters per Calorie expended c. 2.0 milliliters per Calorie expended d. 0.5 milliliters per Calorie expended |
b. 1.0 milliliters per Calorie expended
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Macronutrients include:
a. fat, carbohydrate, and vitamins. b. water, protein, and minerals. c. protein, fat, and carbohydrate. d. carbohydrate, minerals, and protein. |
c. protein, fat, and carbohydrate.
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Sterols are calorically dense.
Answer: True False |
False
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How are minerals categorized?
a. Organic and inorganic b. Blood or bone c. Fat or water soluble d. Essential and nonessential e. Major and trace |
e. Major and trace
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Starch provides 4 Calories per gram.
Answer: True False |
True
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Moderation means that the diet is not deficient in an essential nutrient.
Answer: True False |
False
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Maltose provides:
a. 2 Calories per gram. b. 0 Calories per gram. c. 9 Calories per gram. d. 4 Calories per gram. e. 7 Calories per gram. |
d. 4 Calories per gram.
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Calcium is an organic element.
Answer: True False |
False
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Sodium is a major mineral.
Answer: True False |
True
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Every amino acid contains nitrogen.
Answer: True False |
True
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Eating a peanut butter sandwich qualifies as protein complementation.
Answer: True False |
True
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A simple carbohydrate source would be:
a. fruit. b. pasta. c. bread. d. legumes. e. rice. |
a. fruit.
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Organic compounds include:
a. carbohydrates and calcium. b. cholesterol and minerals. c. water and fat. d. phospholipids and protein. |
d. phospholipids and protein.
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Plant protein provides:
a. 9 Calories per gram. b. 4 Calories per gram. c. 2 Calories per gram. d. 0 Calories per gram. e. 7 Calories per gram. |
b. 4 Calories per gram
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Fiber provides:
a. 9 Calories per gram. b. 4 Calories per gram. c. 2 Calories per gram. d. 7 Calories per gram. e. 0 Calories per gram. |
e. 0 Calories per gram.
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Oleic acid is an essential fatty acid.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following statements is true about cholesterol?
a. It provides 9 Calories per gram. b. It can be synthesized (made) inside the body. c. All of the above are true. d. It functions as an enzyme cofactor in metabolism. e. It is an essential nutrient. |
b. It can be synthesized (made) inside the body.
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Choose one of the following answers that includes only the trace minerals.
a. Magnesium, cobalt, and selenium b. Iron, zinc, and iodine c. Fluoride, cobalt, and sulfur d. Calcium, iron, and copper e. Phosphorus, fluoride, and chromium |
b. Iron, zinc, and iodine
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Which fatty acids have no double bonds?
a. Monounsaturated fatty acids b. Polyunsaturated fatty acids c. Saturated fatty acids d. Trans fatty acids |
c. Saturated fatty acids
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Minerals are organic compounds.
Answer: True False |
False
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Organic means that the substance is:
a. carbon containing. b. steroid free. c. pesticide free. d. wholesome. |
a. carbon containing.
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Plant foods are an exogenous source of cholesterol.
Answer: True False |
False
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Four calories per gram are provided by:
a. protein and fat-soluble vitamins. b. carbohydrates and protein. c. fat and cholesterol. d. carbohydrates and alcohol. |
b. carbohydrates and protein.
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The human body prefers to burn _____ for energy.
a. Sterols b. Water c. Phospholipids d. Proteins e. Carbohydrates |
e. Carbohydrates
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Which of the following foods is predominately a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?
a. Animal fat b. Olive oil c. Soybean oil d. Coconut oil e. Butter |
c. Soybean oil
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Major minerals provide:
a. 7 Calories per gram. b. 4 Calories per gram. c. 2 Calories per gram. d. 0 Calories per gram. e. 9 Calories per gram. |
d. 0 Calories per gram.
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Monosaccharides include:
a. fructose and galactose. b. glucose and maltose. c. lactose and maltose. d. glucose and sucrose. |
a. fructose and galactose.
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Some minerals function in acid-base balance in the body.
Answer: True False |
True
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Protein provided from plant foods is considered to have low biological value.
Answer: True False |
True
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Water provides the medium for metabolism.
Answer: True False |
True
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Characteristics of a sound diet include:
a. Calorie control and nutritional adequacy. b. B and C c. low carbohydrate and high protein. d. A and C e. moderation, balance, and variety. |
b. B and C
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Cholesterol can be used by the body to produce vitamin D.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following dietary substances may function as an enzyme cofactor?
a. Fiber b. Vitamins c. Water d. Sugars e. Amino acids |
b. Vitamins
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Which of the following answers includes only vitamins?
a. Pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin C b. Thiamin, iron, glucose c. Phosphorus, sulfur, fructose d. Calcium, cholesterol, cobalt e. Folate, iodine, chromium |
a. Pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin C
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Fatty acids provide:
a. 4 Calories per gram. b. 0 Calories per gram. c. 2 Calories per gram. d. 9 Calories per gram. e. 7 Calories per gram. |
d. 9 Calories per gram.
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There are numerous different cell types in the human body.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following scenarios could lead to "malnutrition"?
a. A, B, and C. b. B and C c. A person is taking single-nutrient supplements every day at a level well above the tolerable upper intake level (UL). d. A person is chronically over-consuming total Calories in their diet. e. A person is chronically under-consuming total Calories in their diet. |
a. A, B, and C.
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Adenosine triphosphate is produced in the mitochondria of cells.
Answer: True False |
True
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What does it mean for an essential mineral to be labeled as "trace"?
a. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 5 grams. b. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 4 grams. c. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 1 gram. d. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 2 grams. e. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 3 grams. |
a. The total quantity of the mineral in the adult reference male body is less than or equal to 5 grams.
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Alcohol is chemically closely related to sterols.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which nutrient would add the best satiety value to a meal?
a. Carbohydrate b. Vitamins c. Fat d. Protein e. Minerals |
c. Fat
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Which of the following factors could affect food choice?
a. Availability b. Social factors c. All of the above d. Economics e. Knowledge |
c. All of the above
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Nutrient density refers to the amount of vitamins in relation to minerals.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following foods would have the most nutrient density?
a. French fries b. Water c. Ice cream d. Yogurt |
d. Yogurt
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Some fatty acids are essential.
Answer: True False |
True
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There is no Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for:
a. sodium. b. water. c. protein. d. cobalt. e. riboflavin. |
d. cobalt.
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The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for sugar is less than or equal to 25% of Calories.
Answer: True False |
True
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Dietary recommendations made by national health organizations are meant to promote:
a. health. b. supplement use. c. food intake. d. calorie reduction. e. All of the above |
a. health.
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Saturated fatty acids can be biologically harmful.
Answer: True False |
True
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The Daily Reference Value (DV) for total fat is 65 grams. Beverlys sandwich contained 23 grams of fat. What percentage of the DV was provided by the sandwich?
a. 18% b. 58% c. 28% d. 35% e. 48% |
d. 35%
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Which statement below most accurately reflects the purpose of the Dietary Reference Intakes?
a. Nutrient values determined for foods b. A table of essential nutrients appropriate for a 2,000-Calorie diet c. Dont recall it! d. Nutrient standards used to prescribe and evaluate diets e. A guide used to design diets for individuals with chronic disease |
d. Nutrient standards used to prescribe and evaluate diets
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Zachary is a 22-year-old male college student who is overweight and does engage in regular physical activity. He ate the following in 1 day: sausage and egg sandwich, coffee with cream and sugar, chocolate doughnut, double cheeseburger, super-sized onion rings, meat-lovers pizza, and regular soda. Diet analysis showed there to be 410 mg cholesterol and 3,925 mg sodium in this days worth of eating.
Zacharys diet met the American Heart Association dietary guidelines for cholesterol. Choose one answer. a. False b. True |
a. False
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Which of the following is NOT an Exchange List?
a. Fats b. Beans c. Combination foods d. Non-starchy vegetables e. Other carbohydrate |
b. Beans
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An adult selects the appropriate Estimated Energy Requirement mathematical equation to calculate his or her Calorie need based on:
a. gender and age. b. chronic disease conditions. c. body mass index. d. physical activity level. e. height and weight. |
a. gender and age.
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The 2010 Dietary Guidelines report that most Americans are sedentary, are overweight or obese, and achieve nutrient adequacy.
Answer: True False |
False
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Corn is one of the leading food allergens required by law to be plainly labeled on packaged foods.
Answer: True False |
False
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To promote heart health, the American Heart Association recommends reducing the intake of saturated fatty acids.
Answer: True False |
True
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What type of information does the Unites States Department of Agriculture (USDA) database on food composition provide?
a. Pesticide residues in the foods b. The ingredients of the foods c. Nutrient functions in metabolism d. None of the above e. Nutrient quantities in specific amounts of many types of foods |
e. Nutrient quantities in specific amounts of many types of foods
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A diet that provides 34% of the Calories from fat could be said to:
a. be a low-fat diet. b. Both A and C c. be a moderate-fat diet. d. not meet the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat. e. meet the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for fat. |
b. Both A and C
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The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for protein is:
a. 55-75% of Calories. b. 10-35% of Calories. c. 20-35% of Calories. d. None of the above e. 45-65% of Calories. |
b. 10-35% of Calories.
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The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are designed to meet nutrient intake needs for:
a. men and women. b. All of the above c. healthy individuals. d. specific age groups. e. pregnant and lactating women. |
b. All of the above
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Which commercially prepared food below commonly provides empty Calories?
a. Nonfat yogurt b. Vinegar and oil salad dressing c. Whole-wheat bread d. Corn bread e. Almonds |
d. Corn bread
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The Food and Drug Administration has approved the food label term "lean." A meat can be labeled lean with reference to fat if there are ten grams or less of fat per 100 grams (3.5 ounces) and:
a. if there are 4.5 grams or less of saturated fat per 100 grams. b. if there are 95 milligrams or less of cholesterol per 100 grams. c. the food is low in sodium. d. the food provides at least 20% of the DV for fiber. e. Both B and D |
e. Both B and D
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A company makes their chocolate milk one third lighter in color. It could be advertised as a light product.
Answer: True False |
True
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Zachary is a 22-year-old male college student who is overweight and does engage in regular physical activity. He ate the following in 1 day: sausage and egg sandwich, coffee with cream and sugar, chocolate doughnut, double cheeseburger, super-sized onion rings, meat-lovers pizza, and regular soda. Diet analysis showed there to be 410 mg cholesterol and 3,925 mg sodium in this days worth of eating.
Which food in Zacharys diet would provide a source of fat but not cholesterol? a. Egg sandwich b. Cheeseburger c. Cream d. Onion rings e. Sausage |
d. Onion rings
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A person who consumes 5 servings of grains in one day is in accordance with the American Cancer Society guidelines.
Answer: True False |
False
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The portion sizes in the Exchange Lists are based on:
a. the grams of carbohydrate, protein, and fat in a food. b. All of the above c. the nutrient density of the food. d. None of the above e. the water content of the food. |
a. the grams of carbohydrate, protein, and fat in a food.
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Dietary fat intake is not directly associated with increased risk for:
a. cancer. b. osteoporosis. c. heart disease. d. None of the above e. All of the above |
b. osteoporosis.
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The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for monounsaturated fat (MUFA) is:
a. 0.6-1.2% of Calories. b. 5-10% of Calories. c. 10-35% of Calories. d. There is no AMDR for MUFAs. e. 20-35% of Calories. |
d. There is no AMDR for MUFAs.
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Dietary guidelines to control alcohol intake are provided by the:
a. American Heart Association. b. American Cancer Society. c. 2010 Dietary Guidelines. d. None of the above e. All of the above |
e. All of the above
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Which of the following substances has a Tolerable Upper Intake Level value for adults but not a Recommended Dietary Allowance or an Adequate Intake?
a. Choline b. Trans fatty acids c. Boron d. Beta-carotene e. Sodium |
c. Boron
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Animal meat provides a good source of all the essential vitamins and minerals.
Answer: True False |
False
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The Dietary Reference Intake for fiber for a 2,000-Calorie diet is:
a. 38 grams. b. 28 grams. c. 25 grams. d. 20 grams. e. 60 grams. |
b. 28 grams.
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If a food is labeled as being reduced Calorie, then it must provide at least 25% fewer Calories per serving than the original product made by the same manufacturer.
Answer: True False |
True
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Cancer is a chronic disease that is associated with a diet high in fat.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following foods would provide the best source of protein?
a. Soybeans b. Oil c. Carrot d. Vegetable juice e. Orange |
a. Soybeans
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The MyPlate food guidance system recommends the consumption of unsaturated fats over saturated fats.
Answer: True False |
True
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For a food manufacturer to make a health claim for fiber and cancer prevention, the food must provide at least 10% of the DRV for fiber per serving.
Answer: True False |
False
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There is a fats list in the Exchange Lists system.
Answer: True False |
True
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Food package label heart health claims can be made for trans fat-free foods.
Answer: True False |
False
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he MyPlate food guidance system considers physical activity when prescribing Calories and food group recommendations for an individual.
Answer: True False |
True
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The Dietary Reference Intakes are:
a. levels established to support safe and adequate nutrient intakes. b. based on the current scientific evidence. c. inclusive of different age and genders. d. revised by elite nutrition scientists. e. All of the above |
e. All of the above
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If a food product weighs 150 grams total per serving and the fat in one serving weighs 8 grams, then the food can be said to be _____ percent fat free.
a. 50 b. 5 c. 95 d. 97 e. 90 |
c. 95
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Zachary is a 22-year-old male college student who is overweight and does engage in regular physical activity. He ate the following in 1 day: sausage and egg sandwich, coffee with cream and sugar, chocolate doughnut, double cheeseburger, super-sized onion rings, meat-lovers pizza, and regular soda. Diet analysis showed there to be 410 mg cholesterol and 3,925 mg sodium in this days worth of eating.
Zacharys diet did not exceed the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for sodium. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
b. False
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Zachary is a 22-year-old male college student who is overweight and does engage in regular physical activity. He ate the following in 1 day: sausage and egg sandwich, coffee with cream and sugar, chocolate doughnut, double cheeseburger, super-sized onion rings, meat-lovers pizza, and regular soda. Diet analysis showed there to be 410 mg cholesterol and 3,925 mg sodium in this days worth of eating.
Zacharys diet/lifestyle meets the 2010 Dietary Guidelines directive for _____. a. a plant-based diet b. reducing overweight and obesity c. physical activity d. reducing added sugar intake e. reducing solid fat intake |
c. physical activity
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The Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) are established for:
a. sugar. b. fiber. c. total fat. d. essential fatty acids. e. None of the above |
e. None of the above
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Zachary is a 22-year-old male college student who is overweight and does engage in regular physical activity. He ate the following in 1 day: sausage and egg sandwich, coffee with cream and sugar, chocolate doughnut, double cheeseburger, super-sized onion rings, meat-lovers pizza, and regular soda. Diet analysis showed there to be 410 mg cholesterol and 3,925 mg sodium in this days worth of eating.
Zacharys diet met the American Cancer Society guideline for consumption of: a. fruits. b. vegetables. c. both fruits and vegetables. d. neither fruits nor vegetables. |
d. neither fruits nor vegetables.
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If a food has 15 mg of cholesterol per serving, then it can be labeled as low cholesterol.
Answer: True False |
True
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Legumes can be included in the MyPlate vegetable group.
Answer: True False |
True
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There is an Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for trans fatty acids.
Answer: True False |
False
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Fruit provides a good source of calcium.
Answer: True False |
False
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The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) have a category for those who are critically ill.
Answer: True False |
False
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A food package label health claim can legally be made for:
a. sugar alcohols and protection against diabetes. b. plant stanols and protection against cancer. c. None of the above d. omega-three fatty acids and protection against osteoporosis. e. oats and protection against neural tube defects. |
c. None of the above
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The Dietary Reference Intake for:
a. Both B and C b. Both A and B c. fiber is 1.4 grams per 100 Calories per day. d. protein is 50 grams per day. e. fat is 20 grams per day. |
c. fiber is 1.4 grams per 100 Calories per day.
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Given that the Reference Daily Intake for vitamin A is 5,000 IU and the food package label for a one-cup serving of mango nectar states that it provides 34% vitamin A per serving, then one 1 cup of mango nectar provides _____ IU vitamin A.
a. 1700 b. 170 c. 1470 d. 147 e. 170,000 |
a. 1700
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The digestion of protein is:
a. neither anabolic nor catabolic. b. anabolic. c. catabolic. |
c. catabolic.
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Protein denaturation can occur in the stomach through the action of acid.
Answer: True False |
True
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Amylase is an enzyme that helps break down starch into single glucose units.
Answer: True False |
True
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When a whole grain is refined, the _____ is not removed.
a. bran b. beard c. antibody d. endosperm e. endometrium |
d. endosperm
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_____ increase(s) HDL cholesterol.
a. Antioxidants b. Saturated fatty acids c. Elevated serum triglycerides d. Trans fatty acids e. Aerobic physical activity |
e. Aerobic physical activity
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Because she is breast feeding, her DRI for protein is 1.1 g/kg. Ellys Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein is 52 grams a day. Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following is true about enzymes?
a. Bile is an enzyme. b. Both A and B c. Insulin is an enzyme. d. Enzymes are fatty acids that send cellular signals. e. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze metabolic reactions. |
e. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze metabolic reactions.
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Elly is at risk for marasmus. Answer: True False |
False
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Elly may be at risk for metabolic syndrome and thus may benefit from following the Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet. Answer: True False |
True
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A mechanism of nutrient absorption is _____ diffusion.
a. facilitated b. rapid c. A, B, and C d. A and B e. passive |
d. A and B
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Vitamins are absorbed predominately in the stomach.
Answer: True False |
False
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_____ is/are the preferred fuel for the brain.
a. Allergens (antigens) b. Antibodies c. Hyperhomocystemia d. Glucose e. Fiber |
d. Glucose
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There are two basic types of proteins, simple and complex.
Answer: True False |
False
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Atherosclerosis is more strongly tied to genetics and evolution than lactose tolerance.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following can cause arterial wall injury leading to atherosclerosis?
a. Tobacco use b. All of the risks factors above can contribute to arterial wall injury. c. High blood glucose d. Stress e. Hypertension |
b. All of the risks factors above can contribute to arterial wall injury.
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Elly should use the glycemic index to help control her total blood cholesterol level. Answer: True False |
False
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Ellys sodium intake could negatively affect her blood pressure. Answer: True False |
True
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Kwashiorkor is best described as protein:
a. complementation. b. toxicity. c. malnutrition. d. sensitivity. e. translation. |
c. malnutrition.
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Which answer below best described peristalsis?
a. It occurs in the stomach but not the small intestine. b. It involves muscles and nerves. c. It requires the aid of the accessory organs. d. None of the above e. It involves enzymes and hormones. |
b. It involves muscles and nerves.
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Omega-3 fatty acids function in the prevention of heart disease by:
a. All of the above b. reducing blood cholesterol levels. c. None of the above d. reducing the formation of blood clots. e. reducing blood pressure. |
a. All of the above
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Protein synthesis in the human body is regulated by the amino acid composition of foods consumed.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following statements is false about fiber? Fiber:
a. is noncaloric. b. binds beta-carotene. c. hardens stool. d. decreases the caloric density of the diet. e. is soluble in or attracts water. |
c. hardens stool.
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A high dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid promotes:
a. cancer. b. stroke. c. kidney failure. d. osteoporosis. e. diabetes. |
a. cancer.
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Which substance is made from cholesterol in the liver?
a. Glycogen b. Insulin c. Glucose d. Antibodies e. Bile |
e. Bile
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_____ thicken(s) blood.
a. Saturated fatty acids b. Elevated serum triglycerides c. Hydrogenation d. Antioxidants e. Aerobic physical activity |
b. Elevated serum triglycerides
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_____ decrease(s) transit time.
a. Antibodies b. Fiber c. Glucose d. Hyperhomocystemia e. Allergens (antigens) |
b. Fiber
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A person who is allergic to milk:
a. is at risk for kwashiorkor. b. is insulin deficient. c. has an immune reaction against the milk. d. is missing the enzyme lactase. e. produces lipoproteins against the milk. |
c. has an immune reaction against the milk.
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Elly is consuming an adequate amount of dietary fiber. Answer: True False |
True
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Lactose intolerance and lactose maldigestion cause gas, bloating, and diarrhea after the consumption of dairy products.
Answer: True False |
True
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_____ prevent(s) LDL oxidation.
a. Aerobic physical activity b. Antioxidants c. Elevated serum triglycerides d. A high-protein diet e. Saturated fatty acids |
b. Antioxidants
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Ellys fasting blood sugar level was normal. Answer: True False |
False
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_____ is a process that generates unhealthy fats.
a. Triglyceride catabolism b. Denaturation c. Aerobic physical activity d. Hydrolysis e. Hydrogenation |
e. Hydrogenation
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_____ is a risk factor for heart disease.
a. Hyperhomocystemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Hypotension d. Hyperproteinemia e. A high-fiber diet |
a. Hyperhomocystemia
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Which of the following organs does not contribute to the digestion of food?
a. Pancreas b. Stomach c. Gallbladder d. Liver e. Kidney |
e. Kidney
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A good food source of fiber is:
a. white bread. b. juice. c. milk. d. oatmeal. e. chicken. |
d. oatmeal.
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Physical activity is associated with carcinogenesis.
Answer: True False |
False
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Ellys health assessment results indicate dyslipidemia. Answer: True False |
True
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_____ can bind to and block the absorption of some minerals.
a. Fat b. Bile c. Glucose d. Insulin e. Fiber |
e. Fiber
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_____ increase(s) LDL cholesterol.
a. Monounsaturated fatty acids b. Aerobic physical activity c. Elevated serum triglycerides d. Antioxidants e. Saturated fatty acids |
e. Saturated fatty acids
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_____ is/are a protein component in food that can cause an allergy.
a. Hyperhomocystemia b. Lactose c. Fiber d. Antibodies e. Allergens (antigens) |
e. Allergens (antigens)
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Which of the following hormones has a catabolic effect?
a. Cholecystokinin b. Secretin c. Insulin d. Glucagon e. All of the above |
d. Glucagon
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Diets rich in fruits and vegetables are protective against many types of cancer.
Answer: True False |
True
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Because she is breast feeding, her DRI for protein is 1.1 g/kg. Elly consumed about 80% of her Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for protein (round her calculated DRI to the nearest whole gram of protein). Answer: True False |
False
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Carbohydrates are made by plants through a process involving:
a. carbon dioxide. b. water. c. All of the above d. sunlight. e. chlorophyll |
c. All of the above
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Mastication is a mechanical process in the digestion of food.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following statements is false regarding diabetes?
a. Type 1 diabetes is less common than type 2 diabetes. b. Type 2 diabetes is caused by autoimmunity. c. The incidence of diabetes is increasing in America. d. Type 2 diabetes can be controlled by a healthy lifestyle. e. Hyperglycemia occurs in unmanaged diabetes. |
b. Type 2 diabetes is caused by autoimmunity.
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Which of the following nutrients is protein sparing?
a. Fiber b. Fat c. Omega-3 fatty acids d. Alcohol e. Carbohydrate |
e. Carbohydrate
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A high-protein diet is most closely associated with:
a. accelerated kidney aging. b. lactose intolerance. c. diabetes. d. allergy. e. stroke. |
a. accelerated kidney aging.
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Which of the following dietary components would have the least affect on heart health?
a. Omega-3 fatty acids b. Insoluble fiber c. Plant stanols d. Folate e. Vitamin E |
b. Insoluble fiber
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Elly is a 27-year-old, sedentary woman who is 5 feet tall, weighs 150 pounds, and is currently breast feeding her baby (lactating). Several months after her baby was born her health was not improving as she had expected, so she had a health assessment done. The results indicated that she is obese with fasting total blood cholesterol of 237 mg/dL, triglycerides of 331 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 203 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 34 mg/dL, fasting blood sugar of 226 mg/dL, and resting blood pressure of 141/86 mm Hg. Dietary analysis results showed her to have a total daily Calorie intake of 2,705, Calorie need of 2,241, protein intake of 44 grams, fiber intake of 38 grams, cholesterol intake of 311 mg, and sodium intake of 3,423 mg.
Ellys resting blood pressure reading indicates prehypertension. Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following behavioral techniques supports healthy body weight changes?
a. Regularly measuring body composition b. Fasting c. Feasting d. Eating vegetables and meat e. Goal setting and a plan |
e. Goal setting and a plan
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The three goals for carbohydrate management for exercise performance include blood sugar stability and liver and muscle glycogen repletion.
Answer: True False |
True
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As fat mass increases in an obese person, fat cell hypertrophy and fat cell hyperplasia occur.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following medical conditions is associated with obesity?
a. Hypertension b. Heart disease c. Type 2 diabetes d. All of the above e. Cancer |
d. All of the above
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The purpose of the warm-up is to:
a. All of the above b. Facilitate vascular changes (splenic shunt) to accommodate aerobic exercise. c. Increase the elasticity of the muscle fibers, which helps to prevent muscle, tendon, ligament, and joint injuries, as well as improve muscle contraction and preserve muscle glycogen in addition to reducing the amount of lactic acid build-up in the muscles. d. Gear up the energy metabolism, i.e., increase the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the working muscle, and raise the temperature to an optimal level for energy production. e. Slowly increase the pulse rate to an aerobic level. |
a. All of the above
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Resistive exercise targets the cardiovascular system.
Answer: True False |
False
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: Mayas body composition is consistent with being physically fit. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
a. True
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The citric acid cycle is a critical part of the pathways needed to produce ATP.
Answer: True False |
True
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: The king-size candy bar provides Maya with 1.5 grams of carbohydrate per kilogram body weight. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
b. False
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: Fish oil and whey protein are great pre-workout supplements to take as ergogenic aids. Choose one answer. a. False b. True |
a. False
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As the intensity of the exercise increases, so does the percentage of carbohydrate used to produce ATP.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following systems is most affected by dehydration?
a. The skeletal system b. The cardiovascular system c. The lymphatic system d. The integumentary system e. The immune system |
b. The cardiovascular system
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Aerobic exercise targets the skeletal-muscular system.
Answer: True False |
False
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As the intensity of an aerobic exercise increases, so does the working heart rate.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following is an attribute of a scientifically literate person?
a. Uses scientific evidence to understand the natural world b. Constructs hypothetical arguments for discussion c. Respects the rights of self determination d. Creates templates for understanding e. Reports on social phenomena consistently |
a. Uses scientific evidence to understand the natural world
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Match the short phrase or term with the associated short phrase or term. Choose the best answer. You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
Body composition technique |
Skin-fold calipers
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: When Maya refuses to drink water to support optimal hydration, this is increasing her risk of thermal injury. Choose one answer. a. False b. True |
b. True
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Which of the following reflects an improvement in cardiovascular health resulting from regular engagement in aerobic exercise?
a. Increased lean body mass b. Improvement in sleep pattern c. Stress relief d. Increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) e. Reduced risk for developing certain types of cancer |
d. Increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)
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A four-pound-per-week weight loss will cause the loss of lean body mass.
Answer: True False |
True
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The Mifflin-St. Jeor equation is used to determine a persons resting energy expenditure (REE).
Answer: True False |
True
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
Which energy-producing nutrient ratio should Maya make an effort to consume after a workout? a. 1:2 carbohydrate to fat b. 3:1 carbohydrate to protein c. 1:1 carbohydrate to protein d. 2:1 protein to fat e. 1:3 carbohydrate to protein |
b. 3:1 carbohydrate to protein
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The purpose of a cool-down is to:
a. decrease core body temperature. b. slowly decrease pulse rate. c. slowly constrict blood vessels. d. All of the above e. continue adequate supply of blood to the brain, and facilitate removal of metabolic waste products from the muscles. |
d. All of the above
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Which of the following statements is false?
a. A very low-Calorie diet provides less than 800 Calories per day. b. Metabolic rate is increased by fasting. c. A rate of weight loss of one pound per week promotes fat weight loss. d. Fasting promotes weight loss. e. Feasting promotes weight gain. |
b. Metabolic rate is increased by fasting.
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: To meet her weight gain goal Maya needs to be in negative energy balance. Choose one answer. a. False b. True |
a. False
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Weight change can be calculated by taking a persons Calorie difference from intake verses expenditure and dividing the difference by 3,500.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following is not a technique used to measure body composition?
a. Body mass index b. Light absorption technique c. Skin-fold calipers d. Bod PodÒ e. Hydrostatic weighing |
a. Body mass index
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Recovery nutrition should begin two hours after exercise.
Answer: True False |
False
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Match the short phrase or term with the associated short phrase or term. Choose the best answer. You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
Essential body fat (female) Stored body fat Mineral mass Essential body fat (male) |
Twelve percent of body weight
3,500 Calories per pound Four percent of body weight Three percent of body weight |
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: Aerobic activity is missing from Mayas exercise program. Choose one answer. a. False b. True |
b. True
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Essential body fat is the amount of body fat one must maintain for proper structure and function.
Answer: True False |
True
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The component(s) of a total fitness program include:
a. muscular strength. b. flexibility. c. All of the above d. muscular endurance. e. cardiovascular exercise. |
c. All of the above
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Science is enduring because scientists continue to ask questions and test by conducting experiments.
Answer: True False |
True
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: As Maya gains weight (lean body mass), she will experience cellular hypertrophy. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
a. True
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Logging physical activity is useful for monitoring the impact of exercise on ones fitness and health.
Answer: True False |
True
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The resting energy expenditure (REE) is a metabolic rate averaged over 24 hours.
Answer: True False |
True
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
True or false: Hydrostatic weighing is an accurate method of determining Mayas body fat percentage. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
a. True
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Which of the following does not contribute to the Calorie intake of a person?
a. Fat b. Water c. Carbohydrate d. Alcohol e. Protein |
b. Water
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The FIT classification for fitness is based on the frequency, intensity, and duration of weekly aerobic exercise.
Answer: True False |
True
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A scientific theory is accepted as scientific fact.
Answer: True False |
False
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As core body temperature rises, thermal injury occurs.
Answer: True False |
True
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Protein needs for a collegiate athlete are met by the adult DRI for protein.
Answer: True False |
False
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Energy balance is maintained when the Calories consumed equal the Calories expended.
Answer: True False |
True
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Lifting at 80% of ones 1-rep-max increases muscular endurance.
Answer: True False |
False
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Maya is a 23-year-old star basketball player. She is 5 feet 10 inches tall and weighs 155 pounds. She currently has 18% body fat as measured by hydrostatic weighing. She is currently trying to gain weight. She supplements with fish oil and whey protein. She dislikes drinking water so she tanks down the diet soda. Her teammate worries about Mayas energy and hydration during practice and games so she frequently brings her low-fat, king-size candy bars containing 80 grams of carbohydrate per bar. Maya usually eats the whole thing and gives her friend lots of hugs for caring for her. Her team training begins with a warm-up, then moves into sprint conditioning drills and shooting practice, and ends with a cool-down. After the team practice, individual strength training is mandatory 3 days a week.
Which type of exercise could Maya do to fulfill the mandatory strength training requirement? Choose one answer. a. Bench and leg presses b. Isometric exercise c. Stretching d. Jumping rope e. Jog on the track |
a. Bench and leg presses
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Match the short phrase or term with the associated short phrase or term. Choose the best answer. You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
Scientific design Obesity Nutrigenomics Hyperplasia |
Clinical trial
A disease epidemic that began in the 20th century A genetic make-up that influences disease susceptibility An increase in cell number |
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Positive energy balance is associated with weight loss.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following contributes to the highest percentage of energy expenditure?
a. Specific Dynamic Action of food b. Thermic effect of food c. Resting energy expenditure (REE) d. Voluntary muscle movement e. Physical activity |
c. Resting energy expenditure (REE)
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The state of energy balance is determined by subtracting the Calories expended from the Calories consumed.
Answer: True False |
True
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A person trying to gain lean body mass has:
a. increased fluid needs. b. increased protein and strength training needs. c. decreased fat needs. d. decreased electrolyte needs. e. altered fitness needs. |
b. increased protein and strength training needs.
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Clinical trials are a type of population study design.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following is a study design used in the field of nutrition science?
a. Intervention trials b. Data analysis c. Critical thinking d. Single-blinded conditions e. Repeated measures |
a. Intervention trials
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Obesity is defined by gender and age.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following is true regarding recommended vitamin and mineral intakes?
a. Toxicities of water-soluble vitamins are short lived as compared to those of fat-soluble vitamins. b. Deficiencies of major minerals are more detrimental to health than deficiencies of trace minerals. c. Higher levels of fat-soluble vitamins are not harmful because the body utilizes them to absorb fat. d. Vitamins and minerals provide a minimal level of Calories too small to measure. e. An inappropriate intake of water-soluble vitamins is not possible. |
a. Toxicities of water-soluble vitamins are short lived as compared to those of fat-soluble vitamins.
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Eighty percent of water in the human body is intracellular and twenty percent is extracellular.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following minerals maintains the volume of fluid outside cells?
a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Calcium d. Both sodium and chloride e. Chloride |
d. Both sodium and chloride
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In general, plant foods provide a good source of:
a. vitamin D. b. heme iron. c. sodium. d. vitamin B12. e. potassium. |
e. potassium.
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Vitamin E deficiency causes rickets.
Answer: True False |
False
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megans cholesterol intake puts her at risk for a deficiency of: a. vitamin B6. Incorrect b. no essential vitamin or mineral. c. vitamin K. d. vitamin A. e. vitamin C. |
b. no essential vitamin or mineral.
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Vitamin D is important for bone mineralization.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following conditions is associated with low folic acid intake and is tied to genetics and evolution?
a. Beriberi b. Spina bifida c. Pellegra d. Scurvy e. Xerophthalmia |
b. Spina bifida
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Which of the following is a poor source of vitamin C?
a. Peppers b. Milk c. Broccoli d. Citrus fruits e. Strawberries |
b. Milk
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Consumption of whole grains could help prevent deficiency of:
a. fluoride. b. calcium. c. manganese. d. iodine. e. chloride. |
c. manganese.
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Excess fluoride can cause discolored teeth.
Answer: True False |
True
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Spinach, carrots, and sweet potatoes are good sources of _____ and a healthy diet that includes these foods can help prevent night blindness.
a. sodium b. cobalt c. vitamin D d. calcium e. beta-carotene |
e. beta-carotene
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A toxicity of which of the following nutrients can result in cardiac arrest?
a. Water b. Chromium c. Riboflavin d. Vitamin D e. Potassium |
e. Potassium
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A deficiency of _____ is tied to the inherited syndrome called Menkes disease.
a. molybdenum b. vitamin B6 c. biotin d. fluoride Incorrect e. copper |
e. copper
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megans Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for vitamin C is _____ mg/day. a. 90 b. 60 c. 2,000 d. 120 e. 75 |
e. 75
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Vitamin B12 is highly toxic in humans.
Answer: True False |
False
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If someone does not eat adequate calcium, it is important for him/her to consume extra phosphorous to maintain bone density.
Answer: True False |
False
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Vitamin A toxicity symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and headache.
Answer: True False |
True
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A fishy body odor can result from choline toxicity.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following B vitamins functions in carbohydrate metabolism?
a. Choline b. Folate c. Thiamin d. Riboflavin e. Vitamin B12 |
c. Thiamin
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Riboflavin functions in fatty acid metabolism.
Answer: True False |
True
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) The type of iron that Megan consumed was: a. heme. b. non-heme. |
b. non-heme.
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Whole grains provide a source of magnesium and vitamins B1, B2, and B3.
Answer: True False |
True
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Chloride plays a role in:
a. energy transfer. b. blood sugar regulation. c. stabilizing protein shape. d. calcium absorption. e. plasma osmolarity. |
e. plasma osmolarity.
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Iron overload can be life threatening and occurs more often in men than women.
Answer: True False |
True
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In general, animal foods provide a good source of:
a. vitamin B12, heme iron, and retinol. b. vitamin A and beta-carotene. c. vitamin K and cobalt. d. vitamin C and vitamin E. e. heme iron and non-heme iron. |
a. vitamin B12, heme iron, and retinol.
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Which of the following foods provide a good source of vitamin B12?
a. Meats b. Legumes c. Whole grains d. Plant oils e. Cruciferous vegetables |
a. Meats
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megan consumed an adequate amount of sodium to prevent muscle cramps. Choose one answer. a. True b. False |
b. False
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Pantothenic acid remains stable during food processing.
Answer: True False |
False
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Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of thiamin in the diet.
Answer: True False |
True
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megans high intake of _____ and low intake of _____ could contribute to _____. a. vitamin A, vitamin D, xerophthalmia b. vitamin C, sodium, hypertension c. vitamin B12, iron, pernicious anemia d. calcium, sodium, diabetes e. phosphorus, calcium, osteoporosis |
e. phosphorus, calcium, osteoporosis
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Excess magnesium weakens teeth and contributes to dental caries.
Answer: True False |
False
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Pellagra is a disease caused by a deficiency of _____.
a. riboflavin b. niacin c. selenium d. molybdenum e. thiamin |
b. niacin
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Which food in Megans diet did not contribute much to her provitamin A intake? a. Cantaloupe b. Carrots c. None of the above d. Apple e. Spinach |
c. None of the above
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Besides the 12 fluid ounces of water that Megan drank, what else did she consume to provide a good source of fluid for her body? a. All of the above b. Orange juice c. Baby carrots d. Cantaloupe and apple slices e. Soy milk |
a. All of the above
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Seafood is a good source of iodine.
Answer: True False |
True
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Biotin is involved in energy metabolism.
Answer: True False |
True
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Thiamin is damaged by:
a. heat. b. both heat and alkaline conditions. c. light. d. oxygen. e. alkaline conditions. |
b. both heat and alkaline conditions.
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megans vitamin D intake could lead to: a. osteomalacia. b. pernicious anemia. c. hemorrhaging. d. anorexia. e. muscle cramps. |
a. osteomalacia.
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Which of the following nutrients is needed to prevent hemolytic anemia in prematurely born infants?
a. Iron b. Vitamin K c. Folate d. Vitamin E e. Vitamin B12 |
d. Vitamin E
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Which food in Megans diet provided the best source of folate? a. Dates b. Olive oil c. Apples d. Carrots e. Spinach |
e. Spinach
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Iodine toxicity and deficiency cause goiter.
Answer: True False |
True
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) The food source of vitamin B12 in Megans diet was most likely the: a. olive oil. b. bean sprouts. c. ground peanuts. d. orange juice. e. fortified soy milk. |
e. fortified soy milk.
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Meat is a good source of selenium.
Answer: True False |
True
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Zinc deficiency is characterized by:
a. mental retardation. b. excessive urination. c. delayed sexual maturation. d. goiter. e. hypermetabolism. |
c. delayed sexual maturation.
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Nutrients that function in nucleic acid synthesis include vitamin B12 and folate.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following nutrients is most effective at protecting red blood cell membranes from oxidative stress?
a. Thiamin b. Vitamin A c. Niacin d. Vitamin E e. Chromium |
d. Vitamin E
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Megan is a 25-year-old female who eats a raw food vegetarian diet. She is 5 feet 2 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds. Following are a 1-day diet and the partial dietary analysis results for that diet.
• Breakfast:1/2 cantaloupe, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk, 10 dates, 10 pecans • Lunch: 1 cup apple slices, 4 tablespoons ground peanuts, 20 baby carrots, 12 fluid ounces of water • Dinner: salad consisting of 1/2 cup each alfalfa sprouts, wheat sprouts, bean sprouts, asparagus, and cauliflower, 1 cup raw spinach, 2 tablespoons olive oil, and 2 tablespoons wheat germ; 8 fluid ounces orange juice • Snack: 8 carob chip pieces, 12 fluid ounces fortified soy milk Basic Components Total Calories 1720 Protein 47 grams CHO 247 grams Fiber 25 grams Total Fat 69 grams Cholesterol 0 milligrams % of Calories from: CHO 55% Protein 11% Fat 34% SFA: 4% MUFA: 18% PUFA: 12% Selected Vitamins (% DRI) Vitamin A: 5094 micrograms (728%) Vitamin B12: 2.4 micrograms (375%) Vitamin C: 425 milligrams (567%) Vitamin D: 2 micrograms (13%) Vitamin E: 28 milligrams (185%) Folate: 300 micrograms (75%) Selected Minerals (% DRI) Calcium: 860 milligrams (86%) Phosphorus: 1010 milligrams (144%) Magnesium: 150 milligrams (47%) Iron: 11.50 milligrams (64%) Sodium: 425 milligrams (28%) Zinc: 8.9 milligrams (111%) Megan is at risk for: a. hemosiderosis. b. night blindness. c. decreased taste acuity. d. scurvy. e. microcytic anemia. |
e. microcytic anemia.
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The human body can produce some niacin from the amino acid tryptophan.
Answer: True False |
True
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Selenium toxicity causes:
a. cardiac arrhythmias. b. garlic breath order. c. discolored teeth. d. water retention. e. bloody stool and jaundice. |
b. garlic breath order.
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A 16-year-old adolescent girl has a higher Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for iron than a 16-year-old adolescent boy.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following types of cell division is used to reduce the number of chromosomes in a sperm cell?
a. Budding b. Mitosis c. Meiosis d. Fission e. Regeneration |
c. Meiosis
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Most teens consume enough fruits and vegetables.
Answer: True False |
False
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Infants should be given age-appropriate opportunities for physical activity.
Answer: True False |
True
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Infants should be discouraged from making a mess while eating.
Answer: True False |
False
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Infant formula that is diluted with too much water can cause:
a. A and B b. A, B, and C c. protein-energy malnutrition. d. failure to thrive. e. hyponatremia. |
b. A, B, and C
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The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for a pre-conceptual woman are higher for iron and folic acid only.
Answer: True False |
False
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Poor dietary choices are a major contributor to adolescent acne.
Answer: True False |
False
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Foods tend to taste more sweet and salty to a person with advanced age.
Answer: True False |
False
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In the division of responsibility, children are in control of whether or not they eat what their parent or caregiver provides them.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following is least likely to be an adolescent fitness activity?
a. Soccer b. Swimming c. Basketball d. Jumping e. Running |
d. Jumping
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The adolescent Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) formula includes the addition of _____ Calories per day.
a. 500 b. 5 c. 300 d. None of the above e. 25 |
e. 25
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Children tend to like sweet foods more than sour foods.
Answer: True False |
True
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The recommended amount of prenatal weight gain is based upon:
a. maternal blood pressure. b. maternal girth circumference. c. maternal height and weight before pregnancy. d. maternal bone mineral density. e. maternal fasting blood sugar. |
c. maternal height and weight before pregnancy.
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Most infants begin walking unassisted by nine months of age.
Answer: True False |
False
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Regular prenatal exercise can:
a. control weight gain. b. improve mood. c. All of the above d. reduce the risk of developing gestational diabetes. e. reduce the risk of developing preeclampsia. |
c. All of the above
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Gestational diabetes and preeclampsia may develop during pregnancy.
Answer: True False |
True
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If a child reacts to how his or her food touches another food, then that child probably has a food ritual.
Answer: True False |
True
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The DRI for protein is lower for older adults due to the decline in muscle mass with aging.
Answer: True False |
False
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The nutritional needs for energy and protein are greater during lactation as compared to the needs of a pre-conceptual female.
Answer: True False |
True
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The cumulative damage from oxidative stress promotes senescence.
Answer: True False |
True
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Geriatrics is the medical study of older adults.
Answer: True False |
True
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A reduction in lean body mass contributes to a reduction in Calorie need in older adults.
Answer: True False |
True
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The absorption of vitamin B12 is often compromised in the elderly.
Answer: True False |
True
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Allergy risk may increase from too-early exposure to:
a. formula. b. fiber. c. A, B, and C d. solid foods. e. A and C |
d. solid foods.
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It is true that children:
a. need less protein per kilogram body weight than adults. b. should get their nutrients from whole, fresh foods rather than processed foods. c. have different needs for carbohydrates than adults. d. None of the above are true. e. should consume a low-fat diet. |
b. should get their nutrients from whole, fresh foods rather than processed foods.
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Which of the following statements is false regarding lead toxicity?
a. It compromises brain function. b. It is implicated in behavioral problems. c. It can come from lead-based paint in ceramic dishware. d. Lead may leach into the water supply from lead-soldered pipes. e. Its symptoms are improved by iron deficiency. |
e. Its symptoms are improved by iron deficiency.
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Poor diet and lifestyle choices during adolescence can lead to increased risk for:
a. heart disease. b. osteoporosis. c. type 2 diabetes. d. All of the above e. cancer. |
d. All of the above
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A well-balanced diet, higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, vegetable proteins, and fiber support fertility.
Answer: True False |
True
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How can a childs fluid intake need be met?
a. Drinking milk b. A and B c. Drinking water d. Eating fluid-rich foods like whole fruits and vegetables e. A, B, and C |
e. A, B, and C
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The primary type of carbohydrate consumed during the first six months of infancy is lactose.
Answer: True False |
True
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Childhood obesity is promoted by:
a. A and B b. A, B, and C c. eating while watching television. d. consuming excess Calories from sugary soda. e. spending too much time in sedentary behaviors. |
b. A, B, and C
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Which of the following is an appropriate feeding method during infancy?
a. Diluting infant formula to feed the baby b. Giving infants the opportunity to master self feeding c. Using candy as a reward for good behavior d. Introducing solid foods at two months of age e. Putting the baby to bed to self feed with a bottle |
b. Giving infants the opportunity to master self feeding
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Which of the following is a gastrointestinal health issue that may develop during pregnancy?
a. Vomiting b. Constipation c. Nausea d. Heartburn e. All of the above |
e. All of the above
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Most adolescents consume an adequate amount of dietary fiber.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following nutrients is not implicated in dental health?
a. Phosphorus b. Fluoride c. Vitamin E d. Calcium e. Magnesium |
c. Vitamin E
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The goal for prenatal nutrition is to supply the energy, nutrients, and fiber needed for maternal structural changes, maternal function, and the developing embryo or fetus.
Answer: True False |
True
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Match the short phrase or term with the lifespan group. Choose the best answer. You may use some answers more than once or not at all.
Time period when self feeding is established Time period when body weight nearly triples Time period of sexual maturation Time of the earliest nutrition environment exposure Time period of increased cellular senescence |
Childhood
Infancy Adolescence Prenatal Older adulthood |
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A well-balanced diet, higher amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, vegetable proteins, and fiber support both male and female fertility.
Answer: True False |
True
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Girls usually go through their adolescent growth spurt before boys.
Answer: True False |
True
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Frank is an 83-year-old man with a low income. He has osteoarthritis and macular degeneration and complains of muscle weakness and difficulty sleeping. Frank recently lost his wife of 50 years to complications associated with a hip fracture as a result of her osteoporosis and her falling down. He has started eating more ready-to-eat processed foods since she prepared all their meals.
What is most likely causing Franks muscle weakness? a. The loss of his wife b. His macular degeneration c. Sarcopenia d. The high sodium content in the processed foods e. Alzheimers disease |
c. Sarcopenia
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If a child is obese then there is a good chance that the child will be obese as an adult.
Answer: True False |
True
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Frank should be able to get a free nutritious meal and social support from:
a. the local senior center. b. the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program. c. Meals on Wheels. d. the Nutrition Services Incentive Program. e. the SNAP program. |
a. the local senior center.
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It is good practice to encourage children to clean their plates at dinner time.
Answer: True False |
False
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Frank is an 83-year-old man with a low income. He has osteoarthritis and macular degeneration and complains of muscle weakness and difficulty sleeping. Frank recently lost his wife of 50 years to complications associated with a hip fracture as a result of her osteoporosis and her falling down. He has started eating more ready-to-eat processed foods since she prepared all their meals.
What can Frank do to improve his sleep? a. Go for a walk in the afternoon or evening b. Take a nap after lunch c. None of the above d. All of the above e. Take a multivitamin and mineral supplement |
a. Go for a walk in the afternoon or evening
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Breast-fed babies are usually larger in size than formula-fed babies.
Answer: True False |
False
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Which of the following is false about maturation during adolescence?
a. Girls have increased height earlier than boys. b. Boys have mature pubic hair earlier than girls. c. Boys and girls undergo psychosocial maturation. d. Girls experience menarche around age 16. e. Boys and girls undergo cognitive maturation. |
d. Girls experience menarche around age 16.
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Frank is an 83-year-old man with a low income. He has osteoarthritis and macular degeneration and complains of muscle weakness and difficulty sleeping. Frank recently lost his wife of 50 years to complications associated with a hip fracture as a result of her osteoporosis and her falling down. He has started eating more ready-to-eat processed foods since she prepared all their meals.
What could Franks wife have done to reduce her risk of osteoporosis and falling? a. Taken omega-3 fatty acid supplements b. Prevented herself from going through menopause c. Consumed a glass of red wine with dinner each night d. Eaten more colorful fruits and vegetables e. Learned tai chi for improved balance |
e. Learned tai chi for improved balance
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A lactating woman needs additional Calories each day, depending on the babys age, as compared to a non-lactating postpartum woman.
Answer: True False |
True
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Vegetables should be introduced before fruits during infancy.
Answer: True False |
True
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Which of the following can cause problems with dental health in infants?
a. Inadequate fluoride b. Putting a baby to bed with a bottle c. A and B d. A, B, and C e. Eating protein rich-foods before bedtime |
d. A, B, and C
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Which of the following is a clinical eating disorder characterized by binging and purging?
a. Excessive exercising b. Dieting c. Bulimia nervosa d. Compulsive overeating e. Anorexia nervosa |
c. Bulimia nervosa
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Which of the following are signs or symptoms of morning sickness that may develop during pregnancy?
a. Diarrhea and electrolyte loss b. Constipation and hemorrhoids c. Heartburn and esophagitis d. Nausea and/or vomiting e. All of the above |
d. Nausea and/or vomiting
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Which of the following food programs is not intended to meet the needs of children in need?
a. Women, Infants, and Children b. The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program c. The National School Lunch Program d. The School Breakfast Program e. The Nutrition Services Incentive Program |
e. The Nutrition Services Incentive Program
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