Experiencing Mis Chapters 6-9 & Chapter Extensions 10, 11, 12, & 14

Front 1

network

Back 1

A collection of computers that communicate to one another over transmission lines

Front 2

local area networks (LANs)

Back 2

connect computers that reside in a single geographic location on the premise s of the company that operates the LAN

Front 3

wide area networks (WANs)

Back 3

connect computers at different geological locations. Used for a company that has multiple locations

Front 4

internets

Back 4

a network of networks. An internet connects LANs, WANs, and other internets

Front 5

The Internet

Back 5

the largest of inernets used for email and websites

Front 6

protocol

Back 6

a set of rules that two communication devices follow

Front 7

switch

Back 7

a special purpose computer that receives and transmits messages on the LAN

Front 8

network interface card (NIC)

Back 8

a hardware component that physically connects a device to the switch

Front 9

onboard NIC

Back 9

an NIC built into a computer, found commonly on newer computers

Front 10

MAC (media access control) Address

Back 10

a unique identifier within each NIC

Front 11

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable

Back 11

a cable used to transfer data whose cables are twisted to reduce wire interference over long distances

Front 12

optical fiber cables

Back 12

uses light rays for signals, can handle much more traffic than a UTP cable

Front 13

IEEE 802.3 Protocol (Ethernet)

Back 13

most common protocol, refers to specific hardware characteristics, as well as how to package and deliver information

Front 14

10/100/1000 Ethernet

Back 14

specification of transmission speeds, 10, 100, 1000 MBPS

**1000 doesn't equal 1024, and bits doesn't equal bytes***

Front 15

wireless NIC (WNIC)

Back 15

an NIC that is wireless instead of using a physical cable

Front 16

Access Point

Back 16

must be able to transfer information between multiple protocols

Front 17

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Back 17

1. Provides you with a legit Internet access
2. Serves as your gateway to the Internet
3. Pays for the Internet

Front 18

Analog vs. Digital Information

Back 18

Analog is in a wavy format, whereas digital refers to a 1001010011 format.

Front 19

modem

Back 19

a device that converts an analog signal into a digital signal

Front 20

dial-up modem

Back 20

a modem that uses a telephone line to transfer its conversation

Front 21

DSL modem

Back 21

(digital subscriber line) a modem that uses a telephone line to transfer data but doesn't interfere with telephone communication

Front 22

Asymmetric & Symmetric

Back 22

ADSL & SDSL, refer to the speeds at which data is sent and received via a DSL modem, symmetric refers to the same speed for inbound and outbound traffic, whereas asymmetric means that inbound traffic is heaver than outbound.

Front 23

cable modem

Back 23

transfers high-speed data through using cable tv lines

Front 24

Narrowband (Dial-Up)

Back 24

lines with transmission speed < 56 kbps

Front 25

Broadband (DSL & Cable)

Back 25

lines with transmission speed > 256 kbps

Front 26

network of leased lines

Back 26

A WAN connection alternative. Communication lines are leased from telecommunication companies and connected into a network. The lines connect geographically distant sites

Front 27

access devices

Back 27

specialty computers that connect each site of a company to the transmission lines

Front 28

router

Back 28

a special-purpose computer that moves network traffic from one node of the network to another

Front 29

public switched data network (PSDN)

Back 29

a WAN alternative - a network of computers and leased lines that is developed and maintained by a vendor that leases time on the network to other organizations

Front 30

point of presence (POP)

Back 30

the location at which each site of an organization connects to thew PSDN network

Front 31

Frame Relay

Back 31

a protocol used with PSDNs, can process traffic in the range of 56 kbps to 40 Mbps. Simplest and easiest, but slowest protocol

Front 32

Asynchrononus transfer mode (ATM)

Back 32

a PSDN protocol, can process speeds from 1 to 156 Mbps. More expensive than Frame Relay, but faster.Can support both Voice and Data communication.

Front 33

encryption

Back 33

the process of transforming clear text into coded, unintelligible text for secure storage or communication

Front 34

encryption algorithms

Back 34

the codes used to encrypt information, most commonly used is DES, 3DES, and AES

Front 35

key

Back 35

a number used to encrypt the data, applied to the original message to produce the coded message

Front 36

Internal firewall

Back 36

a firewall that sits inside the organization's network

Front 37

Packet-filtering firewall

Back 37

a firewall that examines each packet and determines whether to let the packet pass. To make this decision, it examines the source address, he destination address, and other data

Front 38

Perimeter firewall

Back 38

a firewall that sits outside the organization's network. It is the first device that Internet traffic encounters

Front 39

Point-to-Point Protocol

Back 39

a Layer-2 protocol used for networks that involve just 2 computers, hence the term point-to-point. PPP is used between a modem and an ISP as well as on some networks of leased lines

Front 40

Public Key/Private Key

Back 40

a special version of asymmetric encryption that is popular on the Internet. With this method, each site has a public key for encoding messages and a private key for decoding them

Front 41

Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

Back 41

a protocol that uses both asymmetric and symmetric encryption. when used, a browser address will contain https://

Front 42

Symmetric encryption

Back 42

an encryption method whereby the same key is used to encode and decode the same message

Front 43

Transport layer security (TLS)

Back 43

a protocol, using both asymmetric and symmetric encryption, that is a newer version of SSL

Front 44

Tunnel

Back 44

a virtual, private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN client to the VPN server

Front 45

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Back 45

a WAN connection alternative that uses the Internet or a private internet to create the appearance of private point-to-point connections. In the IT world, the term virtual means to appear to exist

Front 46

Access Control List (ACL)

Back 46

a list tha encodes the rules stating which packets are to be allowed through the firewall and which are to be prohibited

Front 47

Asymmetric Encryption

Back 47

an encryption method whereby different keys are used to encode and to decode the message, one to encode then another to decode, slower than symmetric encryption

Front 48

HTTPS

Back 48

an indication that a web browser is using the SSL/TLS protocol to ensure secure communications

Front 49

Accounting and Finance Information Systems

Back 49

systems that support accounting functions, such as budgeting, cash management, accounts payable and receivable, and financial reporting

Front 50

Calculation System

Back 50

the very first information systems. the goal of such systems was to relieve workers of tedious and repetitive calculations. these systems were labor-saving devices that produced little information

Front 51

Contingent Liability

Back 51

a liability that could possibly, but not necessarily will, occur. Failure to adequately secure a company's data, for example, could produce a contingency liability

Front 52

Cross-departmental system

Back 52

the third era of computing systems. In this era, systems are designed not to facilitate the work of a single department or function, but rather to integrate the activities of a complete business process

Front 53

Cross-functional system

Back 53

synonym for Cross-departmental system. "the third era of computing systems. In this era, systems are designed not to facilitate the work of a single department or function, but rather to integrate the activities of a complete business process"

Front 54

Customer relationship management (CRM)

Back 54

The set of business processes for attracting, selling, managing, and supporting customers

Front 55

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Back 55

the integration of all the organization's principal processes. ERP is an outgrowth of MRP II manufacturing systems, and most ERP users are manufacturing companies.

Front 56

Functional System

Back 56

The second era of information systems. The goal of such systems was to facilitate the work of a single department or function. Over time, in each functional area, companies added features and functions to encompass more activities and to provide more value and assistance.

Front 57

Human Resources Information System

Back 57

Systems that support recruitment, compensation, evaluation, and developement of employees and affiliated personnel

Front 58

Islands of automation

Back 58

The structure that results when functional applications work independently in isolation from one another. Usually problematic because data is duplicated, integration is difficult, and results can be inconsistent

Front 59

Manufacturing Information Systems

Back 59

Information systems that support one or more aspects of manufacturing processes, including planning, scheduling, integration with inventory, quality control, and related processes

Front 60

Operations Information Systems

Back 60

Systems that maintain data on finished goods inventory and the movements of goods from inventory to customer

Front 61

Process-based System

Back 61

The third era of computing systems. In this era, systems are designed not to facilitate the work of a single department or function, but rather to integrate the activities in the entire business process

Front 62

Pull Production Planning

Back 62

responds to customer demand

Front 63

Push Production Planning

Back 63

Make so many items then sale that many items

Front 64

Radio Frequency Identification Tag (RFID)

Back 64

computer chip attached to goods in transit that identifies shipping date, content, expiration date, etc.

Front 65

Separation of Duties and Authorities

Back 65

an internal control that requires that different people be responsible for different portions of activities involving receipt and disbursement of a company's funds

Front 66

E-Commerce (B2B, B2C, B2G)

Back 66

The buying and selling of goods and services over public and private computer networks
B2B - Business -2- Business
B2C - Business -2- Customer
B2G - Business -2- Government

Front 67

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system

Back 67

An information system that maintains data about customers and all their interactions with the company

Front 68

Drop Shipping

Back 68

Process in which a customer buys a product from a vendor, and then the vendor has the item shipped directly to the customer from the manufacturer, without ever entering the vendor's custody

Front 69

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Back 69

a protocol used to copy files from one computer to another. In interorganizational transaction processing, ftp enables users to easily exchange large files

Front 70

Interorganizational Transaction Processing

Back 70

IS processing of routine transactions between 2 or more organizations

Front 71

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Back 71

An IS that integrates the primary inbound logistics business activity

Front 72

Thick-Client E-Commerce

Back 72

Interorganizational transaction processing in which software , in addition to the browser, is required on the client's computer

Front 73

Thin-Client E-Commerce

Back 73

Interorganizational transaction processing in which all you need is a browser to participate

Front 74

Trojan Horse

Back 74

Virus that masquerades itself as a useful program or file.

Front 75

Virtual Organization

Back 75

An organization that exists by means of electronic networks and service agreements, but doesn't exist in real life

Front 76

Analysis paralysis

Back 76

When too much time is spent documenting project requirements.

Front 77

Beta testing

Back 77

The process of allowing future system users to tr out the new system on their own. Used to locate program failures just prior to product shipment.

Front 78

Brooks's law

Back 78

"Adding more people to a late project makes the project later."

Front 79

Component design phase

Back 79

The third phase in the SDLC, in which developers determine hardware and software specifications, design the database (if applicable), design procedures, and create job descriptions for users and operations personnel.

Front 80

Cost feasibility

Back 80

One of four dimensions of feasibility

Front 81

Implementation phase

Back 81

The fourth phase in the SDLC, in which developers build and integrate new system components, test the system, and convert to the new system.

Front 82

Maintenance phase

Back 82

The fifth and final phas of the SDLC, in which developers record requests for changes, includiing both enhancements and failures, and fix failures by means of patches, service packs, and new releases.

Front 83

Organization feasibility

Back 83

One of the four dimensions of feasibility.

Front 84

Parallel installation

Back 84

A type of system conversion in which the new system runs in parallel with the old one for a while. Parallel installation is expensive because the organization incurs the costs of running both systems.

Front 85

Patch

Back 85

A group of fixes for high-priority failures that can be applied to existing copies of a particular product. Software vendors supply patches to fix security and other critical problems.

Front 86

Phased installation

Back 86

A type of system conversion in which the new system is installed in pieces across the organization(s). Once a given piece works, then the organization installs and tests another piece of the system, until the entire system has been installed.

Front 87

Pilot installation

Back 87

A type of system conversion in which the organization implements the entire system on a limited portion of the business.

Front 88

Plunge, direct, or big-bang installation

Back 88

A type of system conversion in which the organization shuts down the old system and starts the new system. Because of the risk of failure in the new system, organizations should avoid this conversion style if possible.

Front 89

Product quality assurance (PQA)

Back 89

The testing of a system. PQA personnel usualy construct a test plan with the advice and assistance of users.

Front 90

Requirements analysis phase

Back 90

The second phase in the SDLC, in which developers conduct user interviews, evaluate existing systems, determine new forms/reports/queries, identify new features and functions, including security, and create the data model.

Front 91

Schedule feasibility

Back 91

One of the four dimensions of feasibility

Front 92

Service pack

Back 92

A large group of fixes that solve low-priority software problems. Users apply service packs in much the same way as they would apply patches, except that service packs sometimes have hundreds to thousands of fixes in them.

Front 93

System conversion

Back 93

The process of converting business actuvuty from the old system to the new.

Front 94

System definition phase

Back 94

the first phase in the SDLC, in which developers, with the help of eventual users, define the new system's goals and scope, assess its feasibility, form a project team, and plan the project.

Front 95

Systems development / System analysis and design

Back 95

The process of creating and maintaining information systems.

Front 96

System analysts

Back 96

IS professionals that understand both business and technology. They are active throughout the systems development process and play a key role in moving the project from conception to conversion and, ultimately, maintenance. They integrate the work of programmers, testers, and users.

Front 97

System development life cycle (SDLC)

Back 97

The classical process used to develop information systems. These basic tasks of systems development are combined into the following phases: system definition, requirements analysis, component design, implementation, and system maintenance (fix or enhance).

Front 98

Technical feasibility

Back 98

One of the four dimensions of feasibility.

Front 99

Test plan

Back 99

Groups of sequences of actions that users will take using the new system.

Front 100

Waterfall

Back 100

The fiction that one phase of the SDLC can be completed in its entirety and the project can progress, without any backtracking, to the next phase of the SDLC. Projects are seldom that simple.