Ethics Test #1

Front 1

(True or False) Ethics is that branch of philosophy that seeks to discover what different moral beliefs different people do in fact have.

Back 1

False

Front 2

(True of False) Ethics is that branch of philosophy that is concerned with how we ought to live, with the idea of good, and with the meaning of such concepts as right and wrong.

Back 2

True

Front 3

(True or False) According to the MacKinnon text, one reason why we study ethics is to see whether we can justify the beliefs we already hold.

Back 3

True

Front 4

(True or False) A moral theory is a systematic presentation of some view of the basis of good and bad.

Back 4

True

Front 5

(True or False) Ethics is primarily a descriptive discipline.

Back 5

False

Front 6

(True or False) While emotions or feelings may play some role in moral considerations, one is also expected to give reasons for one's moral judgments.

Back 6

True

Front 7

(True or False) In doing metaethics, one analyzes the meaning and function of ethical language.

Back 7

True

Front 8

(True or False) A teleological moral theory is one in which ends or goals play a key role.

Back 8

True

Front 9

Which type of ethics analyzes and asks the meaning and function of ethical terms such as 'good' or 'right' and ethical statements such as 'this is good'?

Back 9

Metaethics

Front 10

Identify the form of reasoning: What you did was bad because it caused more harm than good

Back 10

Consequentialist

Front 11

Identify the form of normative judgment: What he did was praiseworthy because it was so selfless

Back 11

Ethical

Front 12

The type of ethics which holds that an act is not justified by its consequences is

Back 12

Deontological

Front 13

The difference between teleological and deontological is that:

Back 13

Deontological is focused on intention and teleological is focused on consequence.

Front 14

(True or False) According to act utilitarianism, If it produces more net utility or pleasure to give money that I had promised to return to a friend to famine relief instead, that I ought to give it to the relief fund.

Back 14

True

Front 15

(True or False) According to utilitarianism, an act that makes some people happy and others unhappy can never be morally right.

Back 15

False

Front 16

(True or False) According to Mill, sensual pleasures are better than intellectual ones.

Back 16

False

Front 17

(True or False) Utilitarianism is a relativistic moral theory, for it recognizes that what is good in some circumstances is not always good in others.

Back 17

False

Front 18

(True or False) Both Bentham and Mill hold that some pleasures are better in kind than others.

Back 18

False

Front 19

Identify the form of utilitarianism: If the practice of lying is bad, then one ought not to lie, even if to be would actually bring about better consequences.

Back 19

Rule Utilitarianism

Front 20

Identify the form of utilitarianism: I ought to get more sleep because, if I don't, I will be no good to myself or others.

Back 20

Act Utilitarianism

Front 21

According to Mill, it is better to:

Back 21

Be a dissatisfied human being than a satisfied pig

Front 22

From MacKinnon's discussion of utilitarian theory concerning intrinsic good and instrumental good:

Back 22

Happiness and pleasure are the only intrinsic goods

Front 23

Rule Utilitarianism asks that we consider the consequences of each act

Back 23

as a general practice

Front 24

Act Utilitarianism asks that we consider the consequences of each act

Back 24

separately

Front 25

(True or False) Mill, in his utilitarian theory, emphasized quality as well as quantity.

Back 25

True

Front 26

(True or False) According to MacKinnon, civil law is prescriptive.

Back 26

True

Front 27

(True or False) According to MacKinnon, moral laws are descriptive generalizations.

Back 27

False

Front 28

(True or False) In Aquinas' natural law view, it is always wrong to kill another in self defense.

Back 28

False

Front 29

(True or False) The natural law is one of the scientific laws of nature

Back 29

False

Front 30

(True or False) According to natural law theory, the good for human beings lies in the development of their natural human tendencies or inclinations.

Back 30

True

Front 31

(True or False) According to natural law theory, it would be wrong to deliberately kill oneself because this goes against our innate drive or inclination to life.

Back 31

True

Front 32

(True or False) From a Thomistic natural law perspective, the reason why censorship would generally be considered wrong is because it frustrates or goes against our innate inclination to know the truth.

Back 32

True

Front 33

(True or False) John Locke's theory of basic rights stems from his belief that governments generally do recognize certain rights as basic.

Back 33

True

Front 34

(True or False) According to Locke, one of the reasons it is unreasonable for men to be judges in their own cases is because they will tend to be partial to themselves and their friends.

Back 34

True

Front 35

In natural law, what is thought to distinguish natural law from the laws of a particular society or country?

Back 35

Natural laws are thought to be universal and stable

Front 36

According to Aquinas, killing oneself

Back 36

Is always wrong

Front 37

What does Locke consider to be the solution to living in the state of nature?

Back 37

Civil government

Front 38

Natural rights theory holds the view that human rights are those things we can validly claim because:

Back 38

They are essential for functioning well as human beings

Front 39

Whose theory of human nature did Jefferson use when he wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Back 39

John Locke's

Front 40

According to Aristotle, our rational element has two different functions, which are

Back 40

to know and to guide choice and action