Essentials Of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

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Anticipatory Grief

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subjective state of emotional, physical and social response to an anticipated loss of a valued entity. the grief response is repeated once the loss actually occurs but may not be as intense as it might have been if anticipatory grief had not happened

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Bereavement Overload

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Accumulation of grief that occurs when an individual experiences many losses over a short period of time and is unable to resolve one before another occurs. Common among elderly.

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DSM-IV-TR

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Standard nomenclature of emotional illness published by the APA and used by health care professionals. It classifies mental illness and presents guidelines and diagnostic criteria for carious mental disorders.

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ego-defense mechanisms

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Strategies emplyed by the ego for protection in the face of threat to biological or psychological integrity.

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fight-or-flight syndrome

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a syndrome of physical symptoms that result from a person's real or perceived perception that harm/danger is imminent.

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Libido

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Freud's term for the psychic energy used to fufill basic physiological needs or instinctual drives such as hunger, thirst, and sexuality

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Psychodynamic Nursing

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Being able to understand one's own behavior, to help others identify felt difficulties, and to apply principles of human relations to the problems that arise at all levels of experience

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Anxiety

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Vague diffuse apprehension that is associated with feelings of uncertainty and helplessness

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Grief

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A subjective state of emotional, physical, and social responses to the real or perceived loss of a valued entity. change and failure can also be perceived as losses. the grief response consists of a set of relatively predictable behaviors that describe the subjective state that accompanies mourning.

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Counselor

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one who listens as the cliend reviews feelings related to difficulties he or she is experiencing in any aspect of life; one of the nursing roles identified by H Peplau

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Id

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One of three elements of the personality identified by Freud as the pleasure principle. IS the locus of instinctual drive, present at bird, and compels the infant to satisfy needs and seek gratification

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Ego

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One of three elements of the personality identified by Freud as rational self or reality principle. Seeks to maintain harmony between id and superego.

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Superego

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One of three elements of the personality identified by Freud that represents the conscience and the culturally determined restrictions that are placed on an individual.

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Symbiosis

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A type of psychic fusion that occurs between people, it is unhealthy in that severe anxiety is generated in either or both if separation is indicated. Symbiotic relationships are normal in infant and mother.

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Technical Expert

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Peplau's term for one who understands various professional devices and possesses the clinical skills necessary to perform the interventions that are in the best interest of the client

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Temperament

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Set of inborn personality characteristics that influence an individual's manner of reacting to the environment and ultimately influences his or her develipmental progression

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Personality

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Deeply ingrained patterns of behavior which include the way one related to, perceives, and thinks about the environment and oneself.

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Axon

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Cellular process of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell body

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Cell Body

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The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and is essential for te continued life of the neuron.

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Dendrites

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The cellular processes of a neuron that carry impulses toward the cell body

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Limbic System

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Part of the brain that is sometimes called "emotional brain". It is associated with feelings of fear and anxiety, anger and aggression, love, joy, hope, and with sexuality and social behavior.

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neurotransmitters

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A chemical that is stored in the axon terminals if the presynaptic neuron. An electrical impulse thru the neuron stimulates the release of the ________ into the synaptic cleft, which in turn determines whether another electrical pulse is generated.

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synapse

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The junction between two neurons. The small space between the axon terminals of one neuron and the cell body or dendrites of another is called the ________ cleft.

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neurons

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Nerve cells

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receptor sites

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Molecules that are situated on the cell membrane of the postsynaptic neuron that will accept only molecules with a complementary shape. These complementary molecules are specific to certain neurotransmitters that determine whether an electrical impulse will be excited or inhibited.

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assault

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An act that results in a person's genuine feat and apprehension that he will be touched without consent. nurses may be guilty of assault for threatening to place an individual in restraints against their will.