Essentials Of Firefighting Chapter 9

Front 1

This allows departments to meet the facility's owners or occupants and become familiar with the contents, floor plans, building construction, and manufacturing process

Back 1

Preincident Surveys

Front 2

Any facility in which a fire, accident, or natural disaster could cause substantial casualties or significant economic harm, through either property or infrastructure damage

Back 2

Target Hazard

Front 3

Your safety and the safety of your team members depends on your application of what two things?

Back 3

Size-Up and Situational Awareness

Front 4

Ongoing evaluation of influential factors at the scene of an incident

Back 4

Size-Up

Front 5

What two tasks must the first firefighter on scene perform?

Back 5

Initial Size-Up and Report Existing Conditions

Front 6

Who does the ultimate responsibility for incident size-up rest with?

Back 6

The Officer in Charge

Front 7

When should situational awareness begin?

Back 7

When you first arrive on scene

Front 8

Before entering a structure, what is one important thing to identify?

Back 8

Possible escape routes, such as doors, windows and fire escapes

Front 9

What does color of smoke indicate?

Back 9

The type of fuel and the phase of the fire

Front 10

What should you do to the floor before advancing to determine if it will support your weight?

Back 10

Sounding

Front 11

Sounding the floor should be done with what part of the hand tool?

Back 11

The blunt end

Front 12

According to Search Safety Guidelines, when does a firefighter not enter a structure?

Back 12

Do not enter a structure in which survivors are not likely to be found

Front 13

According to Search Safety Guidelines, if there is a possibility of extreme fire behavior, when can the firefighter possibly enter the structure?

Back 13

When coordinated fire control and ventilation have been implemented

Front 14

To operate independently of the Incident Commander's command and control

Back 14

Freelance

Front 15

What are three ways to remain in contact with your team during a search?

Back 15

- Physical

- Visual

- Vocal

Front 16

What does placing a strap around a doorknob when opening or forcing a door allow?

Back 16

Allows you to shut the door quickly if conditions on the other side make it necessary

Front 17

What should you do if you encounter fire in a room you just opened?

Back 17

Close the door and report the conditions

Front 18

Who should the firefighter coordinate with before opening windows?

Back 18

Coordinate with the Incident Commander and Ventilation Teams

Front 19

When is it possible to assume that all occupants are out of the building?

Back 19

After the building has been searched

Front 20

A rapid but thorough search to determine location of victims; performed either before or during suppression operations

Back 20

Primary Search

Front 21

What are the 2 objectives for structural search?

Back 21

- Searching for Life

- Assessing Fire Conditions

Front 22

What 2 types of searches are required in structure fires in regards to human life?

Back 22

Primary Search and Secondary Search

Front 23

What are the 4 search priorities?

Back 23

1) Most Severely Threatened

2) Largest Number of Victims

3) Remainder of Hazard Zone

4) Exposures

Front 24

The area closest to the fire on the fire floor and the floor directly above

Back 24

Most Severely Threatened

Front 25

In multistory structures, what other floor is considered a severely threatened area and why?

Back 25

The top floor due to the accumulation of smoke

Front 26

Areas farthest from the fire on the same level, upper floors, and floors below the fire floor

Back 26

Remainder of Hazard Zone

Front 27

During the primary search, what is the recommended amount of people for each search team?

Back 27

Teams of two or more

Front 28

After initial fire suppression and ventilation have been completed, what is conducted by personnel who did not participate in the primary search?

Back 28

Secondary Search

Front 29

What is one thing that cannot be removed while conducting the secondary search, even if the interior may appear to be smoke free?

Back 29

SCBA

Front 30

What is the only effective way to monitor the presence of toxic gases?

Back 30

Air Monitoring

Front 31

As you leave the room during a search, what direction should you turn in?

Back 31

Turn in the same direction you did to enter

Front 32

During a search, when would you would turn opposite the direction you turned to enter?

Back 32

When removing a victim to safety or exiting the building

Front 33

To ensure a complete search, where should you always exit?

Back 33

The same doorway you entered

Front 34

On the fire floor, where should you start your search?

Back 34

As close to the fire as possible

Front 35

In what conditions would a firefighter be crawling on his hands and knees during a search?

Back 35

When there is Heavy Smoke or Extreme Heat

Front 36

If you have to use the stairs while crawling, how should you proceed?

Back 36

Head first while ascending and feet first while descending

Front 37

How should you keep your hands and feet on the stairs to be able to brace yourself of the stairs collapse?

Back 37

As far apart as possible to distribute your weight close to the side of the stairs

Front 38

What are two indications that you should not be walking upright in a search?

Back 38

If you encounter extreme heat or cannot see your feet through the smoke

Front 39

When are progress reports and new information especially important?

Back 39

During the primary search

Front 40

In this search method, the team leader remains anchored at the door, wall or hose line, while other team members spread out through the room to complete the search

Back 40

Oriented-Search Method

Front 41

This search method is primarily used to conduct a primary search of a large or complex area filled with smoke

Back 41

Wide-Area Search Method

Front 42

What is the minimum amount of team members required to perform a Wide-Area Search?

Back 42

Minimum of 3 team members is required

Front 43

In a Wide-Area Search, this firefighter job is to pick up the rope bag containing the search line and enters the search area

Back 43

The Lead

Front 44

This person directs the lead using a hand light and, if available, a thermal imager

Back 44

The Navigator

Front 45

Each one of these firefighters carries a tether wrapped around one wrist and a forcible entry tool in the other hand

Back 45

The Searchers

Front 46

How often is a steel ring tied into a search line?

Back 46

Every 20 Feet

Front 47

What is tied immediately behind each ring and what does it indicate?

Back 47

A knot is tied behind each ring and these knots indicate distance

Front 48

After the first ring, what does one knot indicate?

Back 48

20 feet from the beginning of the line

Front 49

How are the knots and rings placed to provide direction?

Back 49

Knots towards the fire; Rings toward the exit

Front 50

This enables team members to search areas perpendicular to the search line

Back 50

Tethers

Front 51

Who must team members remain in contact with any time they move off from the search line?

Back 51

With the Navigator

Front 52

What might the camera screen of a Thermal Imager do if it detects high levels of heat?

Back 52

"White Out"

Front 53

A diagonal mark from upper right to lower left

Back 53

Search is underway

Front 54

Second mark made from upper left to lower right, forming an "X"

Back 54

Search is complete

Front 55

What is noted to the left of the "X"

Back 55

The search unit

Front 56

What is noted above the "X"

Back 56

Time of Completion

Front 57

What is noted to the right of the "X"

Back 57

Hazards

Front 58

What is noted below the "X"

Back 58

Victims and Conditions

Front 59

This involves moving victims to a protected location within the structure

Back 59

Shelter-in-Place

Front 60

Who are the only people that can make the decision to shelter-in-place?

Back 60

Only your supervisor or Incident Commander

Front 61

When is the only time an injured victim can be moved during a rescue?

Back 61

If they are in immediate danger

Front 62

Where should you never drag or carry a victim through unless there is no other choice?

Back 62

The Hazard Zone

Front 63

This drag enables a rescuer to move a victim up or down a stairway

Back 63

Incline Drag

Front 64

This drag is useful when heat and smoke force you to stay low, or the victim is a downed firefighter wearing an SCBA

Back 64

Webbing Drag

Front 65

The technique is used to carry children or small, conscious adults

Back 65

Cradle-in-Arms Lift

Front 66

This carry enables two rescuers to carry a conscious or unconscious victim who is unable to assist in the process

Back 66

Seat Lift or Carry

Front 67

What is the most important survival technique?

Back 67

Avoiding potential hazards

Front 68

This will warn you of extreme fire behavior or structural collapse

Back 68

Situational Awareness

Front 69

Typically, at what percent does the Low-Pressure Alarm sound?

Back 69

25%

Front 70

LUNARS

Back 70

-Location

-Unit

-Name

-Assignment

-Resources needed

-Situation

Front 71

After transmitting your MAYDAY report, what should be done next?

Back 71

Activate your PASS device

Front 72

What should be deactivated before transmitting a MAYDAY signal?

Back 72

PASS Device

Front 73

When an evacuation signal is given, what must all units on scene submit?

Back 73

PAR

Front 74

Point at which air in the SCBA will last only long enough to exit a hazardous atmosphere

Back 74

Point of No Return

Front 75

What are the 3 key principles for air management?

Back 75

1) Always know how much air you have left

2) Know your Point of No Return

3) Inform the IC if you must exit the structure

Front 76

When is the only time an individual firefighter is allowed to exit a structure?

Back 76

If they become separated from their team or a catastrophic event, such as a structural collapse

Front 77

Who always makes the decision to exit?

Back 77

The Incident Commander

Front 78

What are the 3 possible courses of action if a MAYDAY does occur?

Back 78

1) Remain in place

2) Seek safe haven

3) Escape

Front 79

What is the leading contributor to firefighter death in a survival situation?

Back 79

Panic

Front 80

While remaining in place during a MAYDAY, where should the flashlight or hand light be shined?

Back 80

Directly overhead

Front 81

When would a firefighter use his hose stream for protection when seeking safe haven?

Back 81

As a last resort when it is too late to exit

Front 82

How would a firefighter filter toxic air if his SCBA cylinder is completely exhausted?

Back 82

Face low to the floor and without removing his regulator. Break the seal of the mask and use the protective hood to filter each breath

Front 83

What can be used as particle-only filter in extreme cases?

Back 83

A protective hood

Front 84

Which coupling is on the nozzle side of the set?

Back 84

Female Coupling

Front 85

Which coupling is on the water source side?

Back 85

Male coupling

Front 86

Where are the lugs on a Male Coupling located?

Back 86

On its Shank

Front 87

Where are the lugs on a female coupling located?

Back 87

On the Swivel

Front 88

In order to find the exit and water source, where should you follow?

Back 88

Follow the direction the male coupling indicates

Front 89

Mandatory RIC/RIT equipment can be described by the acronym AWARE. What does it stand for?

Back 89

-Air

-Water

-A

-Radio

-Extrication