Emt Chapter 27

Front 1

Cardiac Tamponade (Pericardial)

Back 1

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.

Front 2

Close Chest Injury
Open Chest Injury

Back 2

An injury to the chest in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma.

An injury to the chest in which the chest wall itself is penetrated by a fractured rib or, more frequently, by an external object such as a bullet or knife.

Front 3

Commotio Cordis

Back 3

A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden, direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a person's heartbeat.

Front 4

Flail Chest

Back 4

A condition in which two or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage.

Front 5

Flutter Valve

Back 5

A one-way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but not return; formed by taping three sides of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the fourth side open as a valve.

Front 6

Hemopneumothorax

Back 6

The accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space of the chest.

Front 7

Hemothorax

Back 7

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity.

Front 8

Myocardial Contusion

Back 8

A bruise of the heart muscle.

Front 9

Occlusive Dressing

Back 9

A dressing made of Vaseline-impregnated gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that protects a wound from air and bacteria.

Front 10

Open Pneumothorax

Back 10

An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound; also referred to as a sucking chest wound.

Front 11

Paradoxical Motion

Back 11

The motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flail chest; the motion—in during inhalation, out during exhalation—is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing.

Front 12

Pericardium

Back 12

The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart.

Front 13

Pneumothorax

Back 13

A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space.

Front 14

Pulmonary Contusion

Back 14

Injury or bruising of lung tissue that results in hemorrhage.

Front 15

Simple Pneumothorax

Back 15

Any pneumothorax that is free from significant physiologic changes and does not cause drastic changes in the vital signs of the patient.

Front 16

Spontaneous Pneumothorax

Back 16

A pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area on the lung ruptures in the absence of major injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural space.

Front 17

Sucking Chest Wound

Back 17

An open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration and expiration, creating a sucking sound. See also open pneumothorax.

Front 18

Tachypnea

Back 18

Increased respiratory rate.

Front 19

Tension Pneumothorax

Back 19

A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space; the volume and pressure have both collasped the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side.

Front 20

Traumatic Asphyxia

Back 20

A pattern of injuries seen after a severe force is applied to the chest, forcing blood from the great vessels back into the head and neck.