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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 major components in wine? |
Water, Sugar, Acid, Alcohol, Phenolic Compounds |
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What percentage of water is wine typically comprised of? |
80-90% |
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What is the typical ABV for wine? |
10-15% |
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What alcohol is the primary result of fermentation? |
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) |
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When ethanol evaporates in a glass what does it do? |
Carries aromas to the nose. |
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What does higher alcohol do to the body of a wine? |
Makes it fuller. Higher alcohol = heavier weight. |
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Wine is typically what percentage of acid by volume? |
.5-.75% |
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Name the 6 principle acids. |
Tartaric, Citric, Malic, Lactic, Aecetic, Succinic |
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What does “TA” stand for in reference to acid in wine? What is it? |
Total acidity - the combined volume of all acids in wine. |
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What is pH in wine? |
The combined chemical strength. |
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Does a higher or lower pH indicate more acidic strength. |
Lower |
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What are the two sugars in grapes? |
Glucose and fructose (simple sugars) |
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What are the two sugars in grapes? |
Glucose and fructose (simple sugars) |
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What are phenolic compounds? |
Molecules in wine that affect the sensory profile. |
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What are anthocyanins? |
Give red wine it’s color. |
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What are flavanols? |
Gives white wine it’s color |
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What are tannins? |
Natural preservatives to protect wine from oxidation. |
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What are tannins? |
Natural preservatives to protect wine from oxidation. |
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Where in a grape are tannins found? |
skin, seeds, stems |
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What is vanillin? |
Found in oak, imparts vanilla scent |
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What is resveratrol? |
Compound with health benefits for humans. |
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Are phenolics more rich in red wine or white wine and why? |
More rich in red because they’re found in the skins and seeds which red wines are fermented on. |
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Are phenolics more rich in red wine or white wine and why? |
More rich in red because they’re found in the skins and seeds which red wines are fermented on. |
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What happens to phenolics over time (as wine ages)? |
They bond becoming too heavy to suspend in the liquid so they drop out and become sediment. |
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Why is sulfur added to wine? |
To absorb any free oxygen molecules to prevent oxidation. Sulfites are also antioxidants and antibacterials. |
